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Klaus Lackhoff - Banking Supervision and COVID-19

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Klaus Lackhoff (Hrsg.)

Banking Supervision and COVID-19

Reihe: Beck International

Band 2021

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III. Implications for the 2020 bonus decision in respect of the bonus for 2019 S. 242-243

„… ) IVV. III. Implications for the 2020 bonus decision in respect of the bonus for 2019 1. Generally, no …” „… deferred portion of variable remuneration, i.e. the decision that, subject to ex-post risk adjustment, a …” „… binding decision on individual bonuses is typically taken following adoption of the annual financial …”

III. Compatibility of public investment with State aid rules and conditionality S. 221-226

„… viability in a short timeframe and most importantly, the 6 Commission Decision of 4 June 2008 in Case C …” „… 9/2008. The full text of this decision can be found on: https://ec.europa.eu/competition/state_aid/cases …” „… /224576/224576_851758_83_1.pdf. 7 Commission Decision of 21 October 2008 in Case C 10/2008. The full text of this decision …”

III. OMT and PSPP as background S. 256-259

„… para. 2 of ECB Decision (EU) 2020/440. 10 Recital 6 of ECB Decision (EU) 2020/440. 11 Article 4 of ECB …” „… Decision (EU) 2020/440. 12 Technical features of Outright Monetary Transactions, ECB Press Release of 6 …” „… by ECB Decision (EU) 2020/188 of 3 February 2020.19 In addition to the general eligibility criteria …”

II. Operational relief measures regarding internal models S. 75-77

„… started to issue corresponding supervisory decisions with legally binding limitations and obligations to …” „… web-site, also specifying that the operational relief was granted for all internal model decisions …” „… including internal model decisions triggered by the TRIM investigations. 3 …”

II. Analysis of the supervisory measures taken by the ECB S. 25-34

„… has defined the P2G for each significant institution in the supervisory decisions that are issued …” „… conservation plans.29 14 The ECB’s decision to release the micro-prudential capital buffers was complemented …” „… and reinforced by decisions of national macroprudential authorities30 to decrease or 23 See newsletter …”

I. Introduction S. 269-272

„… law of the Member States. However, in view of two recent decisions by the German Federal …” „… ECB in its amended decision on the PSPP.6 5 According to the Bundesverfassungsgericht the ECB’s …” „… decision on the PSPP constituted an ultra vires act, because the Governing Council of the ECB neither …”

VI. Practical application S. 53-57

„… shareholder meeting was not yet published92. If the decision of the shareholder meeting on the dividend …” „… system unless an obligation to pay them out exists as this could not even be stopped by a decision …” „… independent from a decision of the competent corporate body a claim for the payment of a dividend exists …”

II. Sources of administrative law establishing time-limits for ECB supervisory procedures S. 83-89

„… Governing Council in the nonobjection procedure (the standard ECB internal decision-making procedure in …” „… Model Rules on “Single Case Decision-Making” (decisions in order for the …”

II. The Banking Union-judgement S. 272-278

„… in which the ECB’s decision-making bodies are appointed, and given that the ECB is bound by relevant …” „… or agency will remain restricted to ECB-decisions on monetary policy programmes, or extend to …” „… comparable situations and decisions in European systems similar to the ESCB. This is especially important for …”

IV. Implications for variable remuneration for performance in 2020 S. 243-250

„… the content and the results of the decision-making processes in which the bonus pool is determined …” „… remuneration, i.e. the decision that, subject to ex-post risk adjustment, a legal entitlement to the deferred …” „… and/or in respect of the individual bonuses had already been made. 29While the binding decision on …”

I. Internal models – a short recap S. 74-75

„… decision1. Also material model changes or requests for the (material) extension of the range of application …” „… decision process, i.e. generally after an on-site assessment as well. In such a supervisory decision …” „… supervisory decisions might also impose additional own funds requirements to temporarily compensate and ensure …”

III. National laws on suspending time-limits in supervisory procedures S. 89-94

„… time-limits for decision-making procedures, such as those enshrined in the ECB’s internal Rules of Procedure …” „… respective decision has been issued by the authority. 35 Finally, the respective national suspension laws may …” „… April 2020 had not to be taken into account as regards limitation periods, decision time-limits and the …”

IV. Conclusion S. 279-281

„… Decision-making procedure F 15, F 51 Default N 19, N 21, N 22, N 38, N 40, N 48, N 52, N 53, N 115 Democratic …” „… administrative act by the BaFin. While a credit institution must challenge the decision by the SRB directly …” „… against BaFin’s act. If and as far the European courts did not nullify the SRB’s decision, it seems …”

IV. Conclusion S. 94-97

„… (negative) decisions are postponed, since the latter may also have an interest in receiving a timely …” „… decision (e.g., the earlier they receive a negative decision, the sooner they could think of alternative …” „… measures; the issuance of TRIM decisions, on-site follow up letters and internal model decisions not yet …”

III. Ultra vires review of SSM- and SRM-measures? S. 278-279

„… discretionary decisions and a correct application of the principle of proportionality, as in the PSPP-judgement …” „… administrative act by the BaFin. While a credit institution must challenge the decision by the SRB directly …” „… against BaFin’s act. If and as far the European courts did not nullify the SRB’s decision, it seems …”

II. The PEPP as temporary crisis intervention S. 255-256

„… intervention 4The ECB launched the PEPP with Decision (EU) 2020/440 of 24 March 2020.6 As set out in the …” „… das Eurosystem, EuZW 2020, p. 491 et seqq. 6 Decision (EU) 2020/440 of the ECB of 24 March 2020 on a …” „… Article 5 para. 2 of ECB Decision (EU) 2020/440. 10 Recital 6 of ECB Decision (EU) 2020/440. 11 Article 4 …”

V. The legality of the PEPP S. 265-268

„… contained in its decision establishing the PEPP suffers, from the perspective of the …” „… other. 56 See recital 4 of ECB Decision (EU) 2020/440. 57 ECJ, C‐62/14, ECLI:EU:C:2015:400, paras. 72 et …” „… seq. 58 Cf. recital 6 of ECB Decision (EU) 2020/440. Q. Dispute between BVerfG and ECJ …”

IV. The ECB’s public sector purchase programmes in the courts S. 259-265

„… institutions and bodies. Although no formal 29 According to Article 3 para. 2 (d) of Decision (EU) 2020/188 …” „… /2014/31. The ECB made use of this option and reserved decision on whether to purchase Greek debt …” „… Decision (EU) 2020/188; and for PEPP recital 4 of ECB Decision (EU) 2020/440. 41 ECJ, C‐62/14, ECLI:EU:C …”

II. Legal nature of the announcements made by BaFin and Bundesbank S. 115-118

„… , including the adoption of supervisory decisions.7 The Court of Justice has famously – and controversially …” „… means of a decision without addressee (Allgemeinverfügung). 5In addition, BaFin’s competences extend to …” „… but were, on the basis of a policy decision, statutorily carved out from that definition. This applies …”

II. Effectiveness of COVID-19-related measures S. 168-170

„… without legally binding requirements) – 12 and 20 March – ECB published a decision (applicable to those …” „… Regulation without legally binding requirements) – 30 March – ECB published a decision to extend deadlines …” „… set out in supervisory decisions and operational acts (based on Art. 16 para 2b and c SSM-Regulation …”

I. Executive summary S. 167-168

„… legally binding requirements) – 12 and 20 March – ECB published a decision (applicable to those banks that …” „… Regulation without legally binding requirements) – 30 March – ECB published a decision to extend deadlines …” „… set out in supervisory decisions and operational acts (based on Art. 16 para 2b and c SSM-Regulation …”

VI. Excursus: Asset relief measures S. 231-236

„… :// www.eba.europa.eu/risk-analysis-and-data/risk-dashboard. 46 Commission Decision of 10 February 2016 in Case SA.43390. The full text of this decision can …” „… Commission Decision of 19 February 2019 in Case SA.53519. The full text of this decision can be found on …” „… : https://ec.europa.eu/competition/state_aid/cases1/201945/282211_2106701_128_2.pdf. 48 Commission Decision of 10 February 2016 in case SA.38843. The …”

III. Why (only) a dividend recommendation? S. 48-49

„… regulation or decision.66 31 In so far as the recommendation is addressed to national competent authorities …” „… recommendation, a supervisory decisions adopted in the exercise of supervisory powers could be enforced. The ECB …” „… co-operation with the ECB: see Decision (EU) 2020/1015 and Decision (EU) 2020/2016 of the ECB. C. Dividend …”

V. Fungibility of resources and fragmentation of the playing field S. 172-175

„… Common Equity Tier 1 capital. 34 The ECB’s decision to “split” the P2R was indeed positive as it frees up …” „… requirements which further influence banks’ decisions. 43With regard to the possibility to use buffers, the UK …” „… its decision to set the CCyB at 0% with immediate effect and clarified that any subsequent increase …”

II. Relations with the ACPR S. 100-104

„… decision on the basis of a draft submitted by the national competent authority. In practice, a delay in …” „… % as of the 2 of April 2020. However, by a decision dated 1 Avril 2020, the HCSF set it back at 0 %39 …” „… . As per the press release joined to this decision the countercyclical buffer rate will remain at this …”

III. COVID-19 driven supervisory measures taken by Banco de España S. 162-165

„… and void until the required permission is obtained93. 96 The administrative decision granting or …” „… shall be deemed as rejected if no administrative decision is adopted within the six month deadline94. 97 …” „… , Banco de España acknowledged the need for credit institutions to take prudent decisions on dividend …”

VI. Conclusion S. 81-82

„… assessment report which serves as the basis for the subsequent supervisory decision to e.g. grant approval …” „… compromising on the quality of the assessment as the basis for the supervisory decisions. VI. Conclusion 36 …” „… latter directed towards preparing the issuance of a supervisory decision,1 is one of those operational …”

VI. Outlook S. 268-269

„… member states in later decisions.61 41 That said, even in the event that plaintiffs were to rely on the …” „… prejudice the decision in the principal proceedings, as it has done for such applications against the PSPP …” „… States. However, in view of two recent decisions by the German Federal Constitutional Court …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… , Frankfurt, Germany Dr. Georg Gruber, European Central Bank, Head of the Decision-Making Division that is …” „… ........................................... 75 2. Postponement of issuance of new internal model related decisions …” „… ....................... 241 III. Implications for the 2020 bonus decision in respect of the bonus for 2019 …”

IV. Macroeconomic forecasts S. 67-74

„… impression that this is an “either-or” decision an entity can make; but it is unlikely this was the intention …” „… decision1. Also material model changes or requests for the (material) extension of the range of application …” „… decision process, i.e. generally after an on-site assessment as well. In such a supervisory decision …”

III. Measures intending to promote the granting of loans to corporates S. 104-111

„… supposed to increase again and reach 0,5 % as of the 2 of April 2020. However, by a decision dated 1 Avril …” „… 2020, the HCSF set it back at 0 %39. As per the press release joined to this decision the …” „… COVID-19 outbreak adopted on 19 March 2020.42 39 See decision no. D-HCSF-2020-2 dated 1 April 2020 …”

III. Compatibility of public investment with resolution regime S. 226-230

„… See Commission Decision of 23 March 2020 in Case SA.56722, approving Latvia’s guarantee loan and …” „… subsidised loan schemes, para. 49. 28 Commission Decision of 27 March 2020 in Case SA.56805, approving …” „… condition is mentioned in almost all Commission decisions approving aid schemes under the Temporary …”

V. Possible amendments to remuneration systems in reaction to COVID-19 S. 250-252

„… decision on its distribution must be made based on reasonable discretion since it forms part of the …” „… performance determination in respect of the individual bonuses. The decision on distribution is rather …” „… risk-taking by banks. Moreover, it is unclear why e.g. lending decisions in the years to come (to which an …”

III. Preliminary assessment of the supervisory measures taken by the ECB S. 34-38

„… issuance of TRIM decisions and other supervisory actions. 43 In addition, while the deadlines for …” „… of 12 March 2020, the ECB expressed support for the EBA’s decision to postpone the 2020 EBA EU-wide …” „… purpose to avoid a credit crunch has been achieved. 50The assessment of the ECB’s decision to release …”

IV. Level of application S. 49-51

„… co-operation with the ECB: see Decision (EU) 2020/1015 and Decision (EU) 2020/2016 of the ECB. C. Dividend …” „… seeking the annulment of the decision to restrict dividends in the case in question was declared …”

IV. Lessons learned S. 20-23

„… the CRR are an example of exceptionally swift legislative decision-making in the Union, especially for …” „… procedure. 1. The substance of the adopted measures 46 On substance, the swift decision-making was made …” „… policy and prudential banking supervision decisions, EBI Working Paper Series 2020 – no. 68. 3 See letter …”

V. Assessment of requests for initial approval, material changes or extensions S. 81

„… assessment report which serves as the basis for the subsequent supervisory decision to e.g. grant approval …” „… compromising on the quality of the assessment as the basis for the supervisory decisions. VI. Conclusion 36 …”

III. Supervisory and regulatory reliefs in reaction to corona crisis for LSIs S. 181-189

„… reduced from 0.25 percent to 0 percent.25 Similar decisions have been taken inter alia by the National …” „… .29 Apart from the essential basic decisions 23 ECB, Press Release of 12 March 2020 …” „… voting on credit decisions as a result of the crisis due to significant staff shortages, crisis-related …”

II. COVID-19 driven legislative measures implemented relevant for banks S. 149-162

„… adoption of a reasoned decision: (i) to avoid severe damages to the interested party in the procedure, with …” „… Payment Moratorium will last three months, which may be extended by decision of the Spanish Council of …” „… months, which may be extended by decision of the Spanish Council of Ministers47. It seems that the three …”

IV. Impact of other support measures on internal models S. 80-81

„… assessment report which serves as the basis for the subsequent supervisory decision to e.g. grant approval …” „… compromising on the quality of the assessment as the basis for the supervisory decisions. VI. Conclusion 36 …”

II. Italy’s legislative provisions on banking supervision in response to the Corona crisis S. 131-135

„… carried out at the concerned Member State level by the NCA, before the ECB takes the final decision. In …” „… liquidity assistance – ELA). 32The examined measures can be granted only following the favourable decision …” „… six-month period by decision of the same Minister of Economy and Finance, subject to the specific approval …”

I. Introduction S. 254-255

„… intervention 4The ECB launched the PEPP with Decision (EU) 2020/440 of 24 March 2020.6 As set out in the …” „… das Eurosystem, EuZW 2020, p. 491 et seqq. 6 Decision (EU) 2020/440 of the ECB of 24 March 2020 on a …”

I. Introduction S. 114-115

„… BaFin remains responsible, including the adoption of supervisory decisions.7 The Court of Justice has …” „… capital buffer by means of a decision without addressee (Allgemeinverfügung). 5In addition, BaFin’s …”

IV. Emergency national measures on banking resolution S. 145-146

„… Resolution Board’s (SRB) decisions on the flexibility in the application of the resolution framework,79 the …” „… decision was made, few days later, by the Bank of Italy regarding other financial institution under its …”

III. Supervisory measures adopted by the Bank of Italy to confront the pandemic S. 135-145

„… liquidity assistance – ELA). 32The examined measures can be granted only following the favourable decision …” „… six-month period by decision of the same Minister of Economy and Finance, subject to the specific approval …” „… This decision was taken in line with previously released statements by the EBA29 and the ECB,30 both …”

II. Purposes pursued by the dividend recommendation S. 43-48

„… Corporate Finance, 7, 1995, pp. 4−19; Baker, Veit, Powell, Factors influencing dividend policy decisions of …” „… this requires the breach of an ECB regulation or decision.66 31 In so far as the recommendation is …” „… also non-binding act to NCAs. 32 Contrary to a recommendation, a supervisory decisions adopted in the …”

IV. This book S. 4-7

„… Bundesverfassungsgericht took the position in a recent decision on the ECB’s Public Sector Purchase Program (PSPP) that it …” „… decision of the Bundesverfassungsgericht can be transferred to the Pandemic Emergency Purchase Program …”

VI. Pro-cyclicality S. 175-177

„… the basis for any distribution decision; – A more tailor-made approach should be followed in order not …” „… 2008/2009 financial crisis, when the decision to re-shape the global prudential and accounting frameworks …”

III. Measures addressing internal models for specific risk types S. 77-80

„… this decision, the ECB is responding to the extraordinary levels of volatility recorded in financial …” „… has been higher than predicted by the bank’s internal model. This decision will be reviewed after six …”

Index S. 281-284

„… , A 28, A 50, B 7, B 32, B 35, B 39, E 29, H 41, H 44, I 62, I 74, M 21, M 27 D Decision-making …” „… 17, F 19, F 23 SREP decisions B 15, B 41, B 46 State guarantee E 32, G 18 et seq, G 31, J 27, J 29 et …”

II. General principles S. 238-242

„… institution could have unforeseen effects on staff’s behaviour in terms of risk-related decisions and are …” „… ) IVV. III. Implications for the 2020 bonus decision in respect of the bonus for 2019 1. Generally, no …”

III. Final CRR amendments adopted by the co-legislators on 24 June 2020 S. 15-20

„… learned 45 The amendments of the CRR are an example of exceptionally swift legislative decision-making in …” „… decision-making was made possible by the targeted nature of the amendments which made compromise easier to reach …”

II. Regulatory challenges for banks during the crisis S. 196-203

„… Covid-19, 3 April 2020. https://www.bis.org/press/p200403.htm. 11 European Central Bank (ECB), Decision …” „… institutions.14 35On 7th of May ECB provided a guideline which complements the ECB’s Decision of 7th of April …”

I. Introduction S. 82-83

„… supervisory decision,1 is one of those operational issues, in particular, where the relevant EU law remains …”

IV. Relevance of globally consistent measures from supervisors and policymakers S. 171-172

„… Equity Tier 1 capital. 34 The ECB’s decision to “split” the P2R was indeed positive as it frees up CET1 …”

II. Description of the pre-existing (Capital Requirements Regulation) CRR regime and the Commission proposal for quick fixes S. 7-15

„… decision, subject to the prior permission of the competent authority which should ensure that such decision …”

I. Overview S. 148-149

„… may decide to continue administrative proceedings through the adoption of a reasoned decision: (i) to …”

IV. Conclusion S. 165-167

„… setting of transition periods and the intermediate MREL targets, which the decisions of supervisory …”

IV. Legislative measures S. 189-190

„… June 2020. 58 Decision of the Single Resolution Board of 15 April 2020, SRB/ES/220/24, Paragraph (19 …”

V. Conclusions S. 146-148

„… the SREP. 82 Commission delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1450. 83 The same decision was made, few days …”

IV. Conclusion S. 38-40

„… instance, in its press release of 12 March 2020 the ECB expressed support for the EBA’s decision to …”

VI. Conclusion S. 252-254

„… of each bank. If the reduction is reasonably justified, or even legally required, such decision will …”

VII. A possible way forward S. 177-179

„… right to be heard within ECB’s governance to challenge expectations to ensure case-by-case decisions …”

I. Introduction S. 236-238

„… COVID-19 on bonus decisions in 2020 and 2021. Arguably, EU banks’ remuneration systems are put to the …”

I. Introduction S. 23-25

„… banking supervision decisions, EBI Working Paper Series 2020 – no. 68. 3 See letter of 3 March 2020 …”

III. Overview of the individual changes pronounced for supervision S. 118-128

„… decision procedures. 33 For loans both within and outside the KfW programmes, BaFin announced that the lack …” „… of s. 18 KWG. The MaRisk requirement that a credit decision requires positive votes from both front …”

III. Collective assessment S. 61-67

„… impression that this is an “either-or” decision an entity can make; but it is unlikely this was the intention …”

III. Upcoming challenges for the European banking industry in the long-run S. 203-216

„… decision-making processes should be aligned with the target future-state culture. Fifth, a merger obviously …”

doi.org/10.17104/9783406779282

WiSt - Wirtschaftswissenschaftliches Studium

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WiSt - Wirtschaftswissenschaftliches Studium

Alle Ausgaben: WiSt - Wirtschaftswissenschaftliches Studium

WIST Jahrgang 52 (2023) Heft 10 ISSN Online: 0340-1650

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Johannes Ulrich Siebert How to become your own decision architect and make better career decisions

„… CareerHow to become your own decision architectand make better career decisionsThe only way that you can …” „… abge-leitet.Keywords: Decision Theory, Behavioral Economics,Nudging, Decision-Theoretic Sound Self-Nudging,Career …” „… bad decision.Let me explain to you why.Without thinking about what I actually wanted, I immediate-ly …”

Johannes Ulrich Siebert Wie Sie Ihr eigener Entscheidungsarchitekt werden und bessere Karriereentscheidungen treffen S. 47-51

„… , Verhaltensöko-nomie, Nudging, Decision-Theoretic Sound Self-Nudging, Karriereentscheidung1. Entscheidungen mit …” „… Zeitverbringen sie anschließend mit der Bewertung dieser Al-ternativen, dem sog. Decision-Backend. Nehmen wir …” „… mansich mehr Gedanken über das sog. Decision-Frontend ma-chen und sicherstellen, dass einem eine Reihe …”

Sascha Hoffmann, Frederic Hilkenmeier Die Relevanz von Online-Bewertungen S. 43-46

„… purchase decisions? The moderating roles ofreview exposure and price, in: Decision Support Systems, 98. Jg …” „… ., Nielek, R., Influence of consu-mer reviews on online purchasing decisions in older and younger adults,in …” „… : Decision Support Systems, 113. Jg. (2018), S. 1–10.Xu, Q., Should I trust him? The effects of reviewer …”

Nico Brandes, Johannes Schmidt, Dietrich von der Oelsnitz Transaktionskosten in internationalen Kooperationen S. 57-66

„… ., Administrative Behavior. A Study of Decision-Making Pro-cesses, in: Administrative Organizations, New York 1997 …”

doi.org/10.15358/0340-1650-2023-10

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Kai Ambos

Internationales Strafrecht

Reihe: Großes Lehrbuch

Band 2019

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Rechtsprechungsverzeichnis S. 705-732

„… (http://www.unmict.org) Prosecutor v. Ademi and Norac, Decision for referral to the authorities of the Republic of …” „… Croatia pursuant to Rule 11bis, 14.9.2005 (IT–04–78). Prosecutor v. Aleksovski, Décision portant …” „… condamnation pour outrage au tribunal, 11.12.1998 (IT–95- 14/1 T). – Decision on the prosecutor’s appeal on …”

§ 8. Das Völkerstrafprozessrecht und die strafrechtliche Zusammenarbeit S. 323-414

„… Critique of the PTC’s Malawi and DRC Decisions, ICLR 16 (2016), 703; Rastan, What is „Substantially the …” „… . ICC, Situation DRC, Decision 17.1.2006, para. 65: „Situations, which are generally defined in terms of …” „… Case-Definition s. a. ICC, Lubanga PTC I Decision 24.2.2006, para. 31; Harun and Kushayb PTC I Decision 27.4.2007 …”

§ 7. Das materielle Völkerstrafrecht S. 162-322

„… the ICC: From the Decision on the Confirmation of Charges in the Lubanga Case to the Katanga Judgment …” „… schon jetzt ein ue Unterlassen i. S. einer Begehung durch Unterlassen an (ICC, Lubanga Décision …” „… Schutzfunktion gegenüber dem Angeklagten auch ICC, Katanga and Ngudjolo, TC, Admissibility Decision 16.6.2009 …”

§ 6. Der Weg zu einem ständigen IStGH: von Versailles nach Den Haag S. 110-161

„… . 44 ICTY, Tadic App. Decision 2.10.1995, paras. 86 ff. (137); dazu Buchwald, Der Fall Tadic etc., 2005 …” „… (ICTY, Tadic App. Decision 2.10.1995, para. 126). Zur Abstützung völkervertraglicher Verbote durch VGR …” „… , Tadic App. Decision 2.10.1995, para. 94. Zum Einfluss der grave breaches insoweit Moir, JICJ 7 (2009 …”

§ 9. Einführung: Begriff und Gegenstand des europäischen Strafrechts S. 415-447

„… développement progressif du principe de reconnaissance mutuelle des décisions judiciaires pénales dans l’Union …” „… Perspective, CLF 28 (2017), 325; Klimek, Mutual Recognition of Judicial Decisions in European Criminal Law …” „… Vereinigte Königreich wieder eingetreten ist, sind im Command Paper 8671, Decision pursuant to Article 10 of …”

§ 13. Institutionalisierung S. 677-704

„… , eucrim, 2017, 25; Göhler, To continue or not. Who shall be in control of the EPPO’s dismissal decisions …” „… _______________________________________________________________________________________ stellen Disley et al., Evaluation of the implementation of the Europol Council Decision and of Europol’s …” „… Disley et al., Evaluation of the implementation of the Europol Council Decision and of Europol’s …”

§ 5. Begriff, Gegenstand und Quellen des Völkerstrafrechts S. 97-109

„… ff. (193); Hadzihasanovic App. Decision 16.7.2003, paras. 32 ff. (34). Im Ergebnis zust. Gradoni, in …” „… ); van der Wilt, ICLR 10 (2010), 214; ECCC, Tirith/Sary/Samphan Decision 8 § 5. Begriff, Gegenstand und …”

§ 12. Verfahrensrecht: Justizielle und polizeiliche Zusammenarbeit S. 606-676

„… Non-Refoulement: The Supreme Court’s Decision in Zain Taj Dean, EJIL:Talk! v. 28.7.2017, abrufbar unter …” „… https://www.ejiltalk.org/non-state-actorsand-non-refoulement-the-supreme-courts-decision-in-zain-taj-dea/, zuletzt aufgerufen am 20.9. 2017; Anagnostopoulos, Criminal Justice Cooperation in the EU after …”

§ 10. Grundrechtsschutz in Europa S. 448-565

„… Hijacked Airplanes? Sorry, We’re Humanists – A Comment on the German Constitutional Court Decision of …” „… Framework Decision in Light of the ECHR, EJCCLCJ 22 (2014), 135; Schäfersküpper/Grote, Neues aus der …” „… Transnational Defence Rights and Mutual Recognition of Judicial Decisions within the EU, 2013; dies., The …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

§ 11. Europäisiertes materielles Strafrecht im weiteren Sinne (Europarat und EU) S. 566-605

„… non-compliance with a return decision runs the grave risk of infringing key values which underpin EU law …”

§ 3. Die legitimierenden Anknüpfungspunkte im Einzelnen S. 28-85

doi.org/10.17104/9783406746697

Teilzugriff

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Marketing ZFP

Alle Ausgaben: Marketing ZFP

MAR Jahrgang 41 (2019) Heft 3 ISSN Online: 0344-1369

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Michaela Grösch, Martina Steul-Fischer The Effect of Option Framing in Self-Other Decision Making S. 33-47

„… Private and Public Management Decision-Making. Journal of Business and Economics Research, 7(1), 63–77 …” „… ), 250–267. Teger, A. I., & Kogan, N. (1975). Decision-Making for Others under Reciprocal and Non-Reciprocal …” „… framing in self-other decision-making contexts. The aim of this paper is to examine the influence of …”

Thorsten Teichert, Alexander Graf, Sajad Rezaei, Philipp Wörfel, Helen Duh Measures of Implicit Cognition for Marketing Research S. 48-76

„… influence human decision-making. However, quantitative market research focuses on eliciting conscious …” „… decision-making. Three implicit cognitions are of special relevance along consumers’ journey: Implicit attention …” „… decision-making and social behaviour occur without the individual being aware of them (Hofmann et al. 2005). Even …”

Yasemin Boztuğ, Dirk Temme Editorial S. 2

„… ) products are promoted. In the second study “The Effect of Option Framing in Self-Other Decision Making …” „… ”, Michaela Grösch and Martina Steul-Fischer examine the influence of option framing on decision making either …” „… , Philipp Wörfel and Helen Duh focusses on implicit cognition measures, since consumer decision making and …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1

„… Effect of Option Framing in Self-Other Decision Making Thorsten Teichert, Alexander Graf, Sajad Rezaei …” „… in Self-Other Decision Making By Michaela Grösch and Martina Steul-Fischer …”

Heribert Gierl Are Slim Models Doing Better? Advertising Effect of Model Body Size S. 3-32

„… . Advertising campaigns such as the “Real Beauty” campaign promoting Dove cosmetics or decisions of magazine …”

doi.org/10.15358/0344-1369-2019-3

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Controlling

Alle Ausgaben: Controlling

CON Jahrgang 29 (2017) Heft 2 ISSN Online: 0935-0381

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Ann-Kathrin Fritze, Constantin Schnupp, Klaus Möller Strategy-based prioritisation of KPIs using the fuzzy analytic network process S. 58-68

„… prioritisation of KPIs a complex decision-making problem. In many cases, the complexity of the decisionmaking …” „… structured decision-making support is used. To solve such a complex real-life business problem, decision …” „… theory suggests using multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods (see Fritze, 2017). Such methods …”

Klaus Möller Steuerung von innovativen Geschäftsmodellen S. 1-3

„… system, decision makers are faced with the challenge to prioritise key performance indicators (KPIs) with …” „… fuzzy analytic network process (FANP) is applied. This enables decision makers to quantify the relative …”

Lukas Hüsler, Matthias Messer, Klaus Möller Ideenevaluation im Innovationsprozess S. 38-46

„… # Innovationsprozess # Investitionsallokation Keywords # Capital Budgeting # Decision Making # Idea Evaluation …”

doi.org/10.15358/0935-0381-2017-2

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