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Wolfgang Weiß - WTO Law and Domestic Regulation

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Wolfgang Weiß

WTO Law and Domestic Regulation

Reihe: Beck International

Band 2021

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

A. Regulation: its Notion, Rationales, Instruments and Convergence S. 17-22

„… national regulation.Whereas the former is analysed in subsequent chapters, the latter shall first …” „… CONCEPTUALIZATION1As this book is concerned with the WTO law impact on national regulation andsuggests …” „… dedicated to a briefconsideration of national regulation, in particular its grounds and benefits (see A …”

B. Benefits of Domestic Regulation and Regulatory Diversity S. 22-29

„… the citizenship of many WTO member states. National regulation,however, reflects the autonomy of the …” „… regulationfor a problem. This would become impossible if regulation was standardized. Onewould do without the …” „… include diversity in regulation.Standardizing economic regulation globally would narrow down the diversity …”

C. The Specific Threats to Domestic Regulatory Autonomy in Regulating Trade in Services S. 29-39

„… results in a “myriad of domestic regulations”on services.18 Internationally standardized requirements …” „… , and hence the threats to domestic regula-tion of WTO members stemming from uniform global trade rules …” „… varies in differentsubject areas of international economic relations. Market regulation is one …”

B. The Need for and the Basic Structures of International Rationality Requirements and Regulatory Concepts S. 289-296

„… reducing regulatory heterogene-ity and the associated protectionist capacities of domestic regulation …” „… non-discriminationrules a priori cannot discipline the protectionist use of any product regulation insofar.1 …” „… requires disciplineson domestic regulation that go beyond non-discrimination and that focus on the wayhow …”

C. Harmonisation from the outside: International Standards under the TBT and the SPS Agreement S. 296-312

„… facilitate and provide incentives for harmonization of product regulation,in particular as conformity with …” „… interna-tional standards as a basis for domestic SPS measures and technical regulations,standards and conformity …” „… domestic regulation. As the WTO was not perceived to be mandated toset harmonized standards, WTO rules …”

E. Procedural Harmonisation S. 339-343

„… standardsplayed a significant role in the drafting and the conception of domestic regulations.Another example in …” „… home regulations. The home regulationseffectively prevail in the importing WTO member. As a consequence …” „… E. Procedural Harmonisation115WTO law does not only affect the substance of domestic regulation by …”

Bibliography S. 423-442

„… Affecting the Importation of Apples from New Zealand’ (2010) European Journal ofRisk Regulation, 437–443 …” „… .Arnold, Patricia, ‘Disciplining domestic regulation: the World Trade Organization and the marketfor …” „… Global Trade, 62–108.Baldwin, Richard, Cave, Martin and Lodge, Martin, Understanding Regulation. Theory …”

G. Harmonization from within: WTO “secondary law” and soft law S. 353-371

„… regulation:Article VI:4 GATS1. Article VI:4 GATS and domestic sovereignty178 Article VI GATS contains disciplines on …” „… internationally agreed regulation may finally takeplace in the WTO framework by agreement of WTO members within …” „… appropriate bodies it may establish, todevelop disciplines on domestic regulation with a view to ensuring that …”

D. Market Access Rules S. 206-229

„… .80 The mere quantitative effect of domestic regulation(by restricting the market access of …” „… non-discrimination with regard to domestic regulation.Others, however, contend that there was a lot of disagreement …” „… these per se prohibitions, it must be mentioned thatthe complete exclusion of domestic regulation by per …”

E. Conclusion S. 46-49

„… choices and regulatory mechanisms. Only national regulatory autonomycan provide for regulation which …” „… trans-national business transactions.What is necessary is a combination of both international trade regulation …” „… and domesticautonomy, this means an international trade regulation that pays tribute to the benefitsof …”

A. Restraining Regulatory Autonomy: Harmonisation, Standardisation, and Mutual Recognition S. 285-289

„… by the EUwhich harmonizes diverse domestic regulations and which, as a consequence, forces theEU …” „… member states to adjust their domestic laws, regulations and administrativepractices accordingly. As …” „… regulatory diversity of domestic product regulation by approximating thesubstance of domestic regulation and …”

F. Recognition and Equivalency Requirements S. 343-353

„… destination. In effect, a WTOrequirement for recognition of other WTO members’ regulations constrains the …” „… regulatory standards of the market of destination,but is only required to conform to its home regulations …” „… , 179–181 (regarding itsregulatory costs); Trachtman, ‘Mutual Recognition of Services Regulation at the WTO …”

A. The Mission of this Book: Identifying the Determinants of the WTO’s Impact on Domestic Regulatory Autonomy S. 1-4

„… unfolds repercussions on thelegislative and administrative regulation of human behaviour, in particular of …” „… cooperation in almost everyarea of politics and regulation. Consequently, this call provokes a demand for a …” „… ’ regulation.2One, if not the main centre of power insofar which steers the global development oftrade more …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… WeißWTO Law and Domestic RegulationWeißWTO Law and Domestic RegulationWTO Law andDomestic …” „… RegulationExploring the Determinants for theImpact of the WTO onDomestic Regulatory AutonomybyWolfgang …” „… Domestic Regulation, p. [#]ISBN E-Book 978 3 406 77934 3 (C.H.BECK)ISBN 978 1 5099 3799 8 (HART)ISBN 978 3 …”

D. Core message and structure of the book S. 15-17

„… regulation.Whereas the former is analysed in subsequent chapters, the latter shall first beconsidered in this chapter …” „… domestic regulatory autonomy.30As explained, WTO law inherently cherishes domestic regulation since …” „… developmentsby judicial lawmaking. Thus, international trade regulation can be adapted to newtechnological or …”

C. WTO Law Ambivalences with regard to Domestic Regulatory Autonomy S. 8-15

„… exception provisions, and itsrequirements for domestic regulation in SPS and TBT-rules deeply interferes …” „… takes place against the background ofdiverse, pre-existing national regulation which had been adopted …” „… heterogeneity.1 The notion of non-discrimination actually gives leewayof regulation to states; they are …”

D. Interpreting WTO Core Disciplines means Allocating Regulatory Jurisdiction among Trading Nations S. 39-46

„… regulation and regulatory heterogeneity, whilein the same time combatting protectionism requires a balanced …” „… protectionist regulation, including disguised attempts to covertly discriminateagainst foreign goods or services …” „… , from genuine regulations stipulating legitimaterequirements. Interpreting WTO core disciplines in such …”

D. Rationality Requirement: Risk Assessment under the SPS Agreement S. 312-339

„… protectionist regulation,but simultaneously is directed against any kind of irrational regulation. The demand …” „… predominant role in risk regulation due to relatedhopes for legitimacy gains by claims for increased …” „… evidence.5 See Peel, Risk Regulation in International Trade (2010), 58 et seq.312their depoliticization …”

H. Conclusion S. 371-377

„… in the design of their national regulations. According to the current inter-pretive approach, WTO …” „… standards into their domestic regulation and are not subject toharmonization obligations, the TBT and SPS …” „… disciplines induce the orientation ofdomestic regulation towards international standards as they are …”

B. A Very Brief Account of Core Achievements of EU Law S. 51-61

„… contrast to the direct effect of regulations.In its jurisprudence the Court confirmed that under certain …” „… constraints on domestic regulation.I. Limited Finality of the WTO26First of all, the WTO is not an integrative …” „… hand in hand with intensified European regulation andamplified centralisation of legislative …”

B. Globalisation’s Challenges to Domestic Regulatory Autonomy S. 4-8

„… successfully addressed by national regulation since they place cross-border challenges. Internationalized, even …” „… global regulation hence contributes to morestringent policies and more effective economic transactions …” „… change: The “Americanization” of European law?’ (2007) Regulation& Governance 1, 99 et seq.3 For the …”

C. The Notion of Non-Discrimination S. 109-206

„… non-discrimination rules,the higher their limiting capacity on national regulation. This is even exacerbated in1 …” „… JudicialLiberalization at the WTO’ in Mattli and Woods (eds), The Politics of Global Regulation (2009), 211 at240-41.109 …” „… Non-Discrimination, and theirEffect on Domestic Regulation55 In Chapter 1 supra, we have already shown that the …”

E. Conceptualising Exceptions Provisions S. 229-281

„… and non-trade policies. Such balancing is required in aglobalized world in which regulation motivated …” „… conflicting interests and values, in conformity with therespect for domestic regulation. As a consequence …” „… Regulations’ in de Burca and Scott (eds),The EU and the WTO (2001), 313–314. As a consequence, the …”

B. Interpretation and Application of WTO core rules and the “Finality” of the WTO S. 81-109

„… promoting better designed, tightly focused, and more efficient regulation”(Lang (2016) EJIL, 1095 at 1099 …” „… prohibition against discriminatory regulations,“affirm that it is up to the Members to decide which policy …” „… internationally. It imparts decisive constitutionalpurposes to international trade regulation, in pursuance of …”

C. Caveat on Transferring Lessons from the EU: Differences between EU and WTO S. 61-75

„… legal order to develop in a way thatas well puts severe constraints on domestic regulation.I. Limited …” „… for the coordination of globaltrade. But this still merely remains coordination of national regulation …” „… technical regulations … do not create unnecessary obstacles tointernational trade” which is implemented in …”

D. Conclusion: Consequences for the further Development of the WTO’s legal matrix S. 75-79

„… the same level of substantial restraints ofdomestic regulation. The processes basically capable of …” „… regulation is particularly affectedby international harmonization of services trade. In this regard, the …” „… common,obligatory standards and increased approximation of domestic regulation by virtue ofstandardisation and …”

F. Conclusion: Conceptualising Core Principles for the Benefit of Domestic Regulatory Autonomy, and Identifying the Determinants for the Impact of WTO Law S. 281-285

„… by the EUwhich harmonizes diverse domestic regulations and which, as a consequence, forces theEU …” „… member states to adjust their domestic laws, regulations and administrativepractices accordingly. As …” „… regulatory diversity of domestic product regulation by approximating thesubstance of domestic regulation and …”

C. Burden of Proof S. 395-410

„… . Hence, themost direct and immediate impact of the burden of proof on domestic regulation is thesimple …” „… second part of Article 2.4TBT Agreement that a WTO member may not base its technical regulation …” „… Structure and Public Interest Regulation’ (2014) JIEL, 333 at 343; Foster, Scienceand the Precautionary …”

D. Non-WTO International Law in WTO Dispute Settlement S. 410-423

„… , may provide for aframework for domestic regulation in the policy area, thus leading to a limited …” „… environment protection, publichealth, security, and human rights affect domestic regulation in these subject …” „… conse-quence of merely domestically steered regulation were, in principle, treated as justified410breaches of …”

A. Introduction S. 377-379

„… international institutions outside WTO may direct domestic regula-tion of health, nutritional, environment, or …” „… cause re-straints for domestic regulation not in line with the rights and obligations under WTO1 See …” „… obligations are flexible enough to allow domestic regulation to incorporate therationales prevalent in other …”

A. The Usefulness of a comparison to the EU for an Analysis of the WTO S. 49-51

„… impactson national regulation which can be learnt from the advancement of the EU’s legalorder. In particular …” „… integration went hand in hand with intensified European regulation andamplified centralisation of legislative …” „… ;Geradin, Regulation through Agencies in the EU (2005); Craig, EU Administrative Law (2nd Edition, 2012).51 …”

B. The Standard of Review in WTO Law S. 379-395

„… .10 Gruszczynski, ‘Standard of Review of Health and Environmental Regulations by WTO Panels’ in …” „… reviewing domestic regulation.19Here, the second function of the standard of review in international …” „… ;Cottier and Oesch, ‘The Paradox of Judicial Review in International Trade Regulation’ in Cottier (ed),The …”

doi.org/10.17104/9783406779343

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Thomas M. J. Möllers

Legal Methods

Reihe: Beck International

Band 2021

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III. Secondary law: regulations, directives, recommendations S. 416-437

„… that a completely new constituent fact is created. III. Secondary law: regulations, directives …” „… , recommendations 1. Primacy effect of regulations and interpretation in conformity with regulations 33 The primacy …” „… of application also applies to regulations. This can be described as interpretation in conformity …”

III. Administrative regulations, private rule-setting, and European recommendations S. 92-99

„… regulations, private rule-setting, and European recommendations 1. Administrative regulations a …” „… ) Administrative regulations to interpret and substantiate norms 54 aa) The administration has various instruments …” „… at its disposal, including regulations (Rechtsverordnungen), by-laws (Satzungen), directives …”

III. Substantiation by the administration or private regulatory systems S. 270-272

„… regulations (section a). Administrative rules (section b) or private regulatory systems (section c) can also …” „… be relevant. a) Statutes and regulations 36 Under the conditions laid down in Article 80(1) sentence …” „… (chapter 2 mn. 33 f.). Such regulations can be found in many areas of private and commercial law. For …”

II. Primacy of application and the obligation to interpret in conformity with Union law S. 411-416

„… of law – European primary law – must be introduced. Regulations are then clarified as part of …” „… regulation (verordnungskonforme Auslegung) and interpretation in conformity with the directive …” „… Interpretation in conformity with Union law/European law conformity with Interpretation in the regulation …”

I. Problems: Sources of legal knowledge alongside primary sources of law? S. 77-84

„… . Strictly binding precedent as an exception in German legal circles 43 III. Administrative regulations …” „… ............................................................................................ 54 1. Administrative regulations …” „… (section II), administrative regulations and private legal rules (section III), foreign judgments (section …”

II. Substantiation by the legislature S. 264-270

„… regulations as secondary legislation, the question arises to what extent the harmonised law is exhaustive or …” „… executive branch to substantiate a specific area by means of regulations (section a). Administrative rules …” „… (section b) or private regulatory systems (section c) can also be relevant. a) Statutes and regulations 36 …”

III. The hierarchy of law in Germany today, including European law S. 55-67

„… . It states: 59‘To exercise the Union’s competences, the institutions shall adopt regulations …” „… , directives, decisions, recommendations and opinions. A regulation shall have general application. It shall be …” „… Auslegung) (chapter 12 mn. 35 ff.). Regulations, directives and decisions are binding, although decisions …”

II. Hierarchy of legal sources in Germany S. 48-55

„… regulation that creates, establishes or abolishes rights and obligations for citizens or independent legal …” „… statutory instruments, which the Minister does in the Road Traffic Regulations (Straßenverkehrsordnung …” „… regulations. The by-laws of private associations do not usually fall under this type of lawmaking, as the …”

I. Direct applicability as a prerequisite for primacy of application S. 407-411

„… ...................................... 24 III. Secondary law: regulations, directives, recommendations..................... 33 1. Primacy …” „… effect of regulations and interpretation in conformity with regulations …” „… European regulations prevail over national law because of their primacy of application, the effect of …”

I. The purpose of legal methodology S. 2-10

„… the questions are based on completely new problems. The training regulations for the State …” „… (Legal Training and Examination Regulations for Law Studies at the Legal Faculty at Augsburg University …” „… ); similarly Section 5(1) STO JF Humboldt of 13.3.2008 (Legal Training and Examination Regulations for Legal …”

I. Teleological counter concepts to formal arguments S. 209-225

„… . Otherwise one would always need clarifying regulations for this, which forbid circumventions – for example …” „… is no wesentliche Beeinträchtigung (significant impairment) if public law regulations are complied …” „… limit itself to information required by laws or regulations and official approvals, but in addition …”

IV. Historical interpretation S. 151-161

„… of package travel in Article 15(3) of Regulation No. 44/2001 on jurisdiction and the recognition and …” „… enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters with that in Article 6(4)(b) of Regulation No …” „… interpretation, which also draws comparisons with other regulations, only invalidated norm texts are used.325 …”

VI. Summary of chapter 11 S. 404-406

„… ...................................... 24 III. Secondary law: regulations, directives, recommendations..................... 33 1. Primacy …” „… effect of regulations and interpretation in conformity with regulations …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… ................................................................................ 91 III. Administrative regulations, private rule‐setting, and European recommendations ........... 92 …” „… 1. Administrative regulations …” „… ................................................................................................ ........... 92 a) Administrative regulations to interpret and substantiate norms …”

II. The importance of case law in the determination of law S. 84-92

„… regulations, private rule-setting, and European recommendations 1. Administrative regulations a …” „… ) Administrative regulations to interpret and substantiate norms 54 aa) The administration has various instruments …” „… at its disposal, including regulations (Rechtsverordnungen), by-laws (Satzungen), directives …”

II. Unconstitutionality and constitutional law arguments S. 384-387

„… continuation of the unconstitutional regulation 32 The Federal Constitutional Court can not only declare laws …” „… continue the unconstitutional regulation for a limited period of 62 BVerfG, Order of 8.12.2009, 2 BvR …” „… of the unconstitutional regulation of the Bavarian Offender Accommodation Act in order to prevent all …”

VI. Summary of chapter 3 S. 107-109

„… should be binding on everyone – is to be avoided. III. Administrative regulations and privately-made …” „… rules and regulations may also constitute secondary sources of law if a general binding character has …”

VI. Summary of chapter 2 S. 75-76

„… . Strictly binding precedent as an exception in German legal circles 43 III. Administrative regulations …” „… ............................................................................................ 54 1. Administrative regulations …”

V. Academic legal literature S. 106-107

„… . Administrative regulations and privately-made rules and regulations may also constitute secondary sources of law …”

V. Natural law S. 71-75

„… regulations, by-laws of legislative authorities Ordinary federal law (BGB, etc.), Transposed international …” „… treaty law, Article 59(2) GG, ECHR, settled law State law, Articles 31, 72 GG, state regulations …” „… depriving National Socialist “legal” regulations of their validity 216 Starck, ARSP Beiheft 37 (1990), 47 …”

V. Fourth step: Higher-ranking European law and international law S. 470-471

„… European law and international law 1. Development of the law in conformity with primary law and regulations …” „… judge (chapter 1 mn. 16 ff.). Primary law and regulations are directly applicable and lead to primacy of …”

I. The different functions of the Constitution S. 374-384

„… with the question of whether the deadline regulation (Fristenregelung) of the Fifth Criminal Law Reform …” „… unborn life against a deadline regulation of the state (and also against the right of the mother). The …” „… regulation in private law from a constitutional perspective, three layers can be distinguished, and can be …”

I. Law and sources of law S. 41-48

„… constitution, statutes and regulations. In a broader sense, the term covers all influencing factors that are …” „… a source of law for the legal practitioner.7 5 Statutes, regulations and by-laws are regarded as …” „… legal sources (Rechtsquellenlehre).8 Statutes and regulations are valid and binding unless they are …”

IV. The right to self-determination as justification of various legal concepts S. 324-332

„… .191 Flume wrote in 1960: 45‘As far as according to our legal system the regulation of the legal …” „… self-determination and self-responsibility, one is referred to the connection to the contract for the regulation of …” „… regulation would result in an intolerable result that is incompatible with law and justice and adhering to …”

IV. The comparative case method as substantiation by the courts S. 272-288

„… . Daimler then published an ad hoc announcement pursuant to Article 17 of the Market Abuse Regulation (MAR …” „… , Neil/idem (eds.), Interpreting Precedents, 1997, p. 355–406. 87 Article 10 of the Regulation (EU) No …” „… ) in conjunction with Article 290 of the TFEU or Article 15 of the ESMA regulation in conjunction with …”

IV. Further means of enforcing European law S. 437-442

„… ) Unlike primary law and regulations, directives must be transposed into national law. The settled case law …” „… Implementation is also possible in a national regulation. However, the requirements of Article 80(1) sentence 2 …” „… conditions is only controlled if they deviate from statutory regulations. The control of 203 ECJ, Judgment of …”

III. Balancing European fundamental rights and freedoms S. 357-363

„… certain rights.195 This ensures that the regulations at the place where the fundamental freedom is …” „… , stricter national regulations of the country to which the goods are to be exported. This prohibits not only …” „… get by without statutory regulations. The legislature has often resolved collisions. In contrast to …”

II. Case groups to substantiate general clauses S. 297-300

„… decisions are based.57 48 Section 4(3) sentence 2 Regulation of assessment of creditworthiness for real …” „… regulations; see as well Ellenberger, in: Palandt, BGB, 78th ed. 2019, § 138 mn. 24 ff., 40 ff. 76 Wolf/Neuner …”

IV. Third step: The Constitution as higher-ranking law S. 467-470

„… in conformity with primary law and regulations 79 European law ranks higher than German law and can …” „… regulations are directly applicable and lead to primacy of application over national law (chapter 2 mn. 84 ff …”

Index S. 569-586

„… case chapter 12 46 f., 77, chapter 13 81 Administrative regulations chapter 3 1 ff., 7, 54 ff., 71 ff …” „… contracts chapter 9 21, 28, 31 ff., 49, 59 Binding effect – administrative regulations to interpret chapter …” „… 3 8, 54 ff. – administrative regulations to substantiate norms chapter 3 8, 56, 62 – between other …”

II. Individual logical figures of argumentation S. 171-178

„… right of examination in the promulgation of laws and regulations (Article 82 of the Basic Law) is …” „… private law obligations can be stricter than public law regulations.117 4. Avoiding circumvention of the …” „… the barrier regulation of a restrictive norm would be largely irrelevant, or its purpose would be …”

I. The Bewegliche System (flexible system) S. 290-297

„… , Judgment of 21.12.1960, VIII ZR 1/60, BGHZ 34, 169, 176 – Circumvention of American embargo regulations and …” „… case group as substantiation methods 295 regulation is economically efficient because the party obliged …” „… based.57 48 Section 4(3) sentence 2 Regulation of assessment of creditworthiness for real estate of …”

IV. The hierarchy of law in Germany today, including international law S. 67-71

„… customary law, Article 25 sentence 2 GG Federal regulations, by-laws of legislative authorities Ordinary …” „… law, Articles 31, 72 GG, state regulations, by-laws, see Article 28 GG V. Natural law 1. The …”

III. Impact-oriented interpretation S. 178-196

„… character as a protective regulation of norms of the WpHG; see chapter 13 mn. 32a; Möllers/Leisch, in …” „… of regulations over conflicting national law. In addition, there is an obligation to interpret …” „… publicity and market manipulation in Articles 12, 15 and 17 of the Market Abuse Regulation (MAR) are to be …”

V. Summary of chapter 7 S. 288-289

„… can be substantiated by the administration, e. g. by regulations. Private regulatory frameworks can …”

Databases for German, European and foreign legislative acts

„… Current federal statutes and regulations. www.dejure.org Information on statutes and cases regarding …”

III. Second step: A glimpse of the legal consequences S. 461-467

„… .), without having proposed a statutory regulation for them. 81 BVerfG, Order of 14.2.1973, 1 BvR 112/65 …” „… regulation to the legislature.97 Courts are particularly keen to ensure that the development of the law …”

IV. The economic analysis of law S. 196-207

„… the framework of the assessment, the economic analysis asks whether the legal regulation is efficient …” „… that prove the behavioural control effect of certain regulations.322 On the other hand, objections are …” „… also Section 88(1) no. 1 AktG. 378 Regulation (EU) Nr. 596/2014 on market abuse (MAR), OJ L 173 …”

II. Grammatical interpretation S. 121-137

„… statute,93 and above all can be found in EU directives and regulations. The legislature initially uses …” „… , p. 1146 in conjunction with Section 11 of the first implementation regulation of 14.11.1935, RGBl. I …” „… possible regulatory alternatives for the concrete material facts.163 If a more precise regulation of the …”

Databases for German, European and foreign cases S. 567-569

„… ff. Adeneler case chapter 12 46 f., 77, chapter 13 81 Administrative regulations chapter 3 1 ff., 7 …”

II. Legal methodology as a theory of legitimacy S. 10-21

„… Code (Strafgesetzbuch – StGB), but also in supranational regulations such as the European Convention on …” „… self-regulation because it has to deal with the legal act in greater depth.88 Legal certainty – but also the right …” „… duty to state reasons requires the decision-making bodies to exercise self-regulation, broadens the …”

VI. Summary of chapter 12 S. 444-447

„… , appealing for a regulation in the BVerfGG Hein, GPR 2004, 252, 256. 255 BVerfG, Order of 14.10.2004, 2 BvR …”

I. The uncertain boundaries of permissible development of the law S. 449-455

„… law in conformity with primary law and regulations …” „… . above). Wiedemann mentions as a precondition for development of the law the need for regulation on the …”

III. Systematic interpretation S. 137-151

„… entire directive or regulation. The ECJ stressed that ‘every provision of Community law must be placed in …” „… acts. It compared the concept of package travel in Article 15(3) of Regulation No. 44/2001 on …” „… Article 6(4)(b) of Regulation No 593/2008 (Rome I). It concluded that ‘package holiday’ is used uniformly …”

VI. Fifth step: Limits to competences S. 471-486

„… methodology 476 determines the density of regulation. It thus answers the question of whether and to what …” „… extent statutory regulation is necessary.162 The more fundamental rights are affected, the more precise …” „… have to take place through legal regulations. Industrial action law, for example, has remained largely …”

IV. Balancing conflicting legal principles in private law S. 363-372

„… can be contained in several legal norms or even get by without statutory regulations. The legislature …” „… Spezialgesetzgebung gesehen […]’). 259 Draft act of a law amending and supplementing damage-compensation regulations …”

V. Telos, logic and impact-oriented interpretation S. 538-540

„… science and technology at the time when the manufacturer placed the product on the market. The regulation …”

V. International law S. 442-444

„… regulation in the BVerfGG Hein, GPR 2004, 252, 256. 255 BVerfG, Order of 14.10.2004, 2 BvR 1481/04, BVerfGE …”

IV. The difficult search for telos S. 254-257

„… the purpose of the regulation that is considered decisive, an individual analogy can be affirmed or …”

V. Legal principles at the European level S. 332-336

„… ), 248 ff.; Grundmann, 4 ERCL 225 ff. (2008). 254 Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament …”

III. The structuring of several attribution criteria of different case groups S. 300-305

„… , Judgment of 21.12.1960, VIII ZR 1/60, BGHZ 34, 169, 176 – Circumvention of American embargo regulations …”

IV. Sources of legal methodology S. 513-519

„… 2 StGB (old version), see chapter 4 mn. 67. Section 4 of the Public Enemy Regulation (of 5.9.1939 …”

II. First step: traditional arguments S. 455-461

„… respect, it is problematic that the share price manipulation of Article 12 of the Market Abuse Regulation …”

IV. The importance of foreign judgments in the determination of law S. 99-106

„… example numerous provisions of the SE regulation (EC) No. 2157/2001 of 8.10.2001, OJ L 294, 10.11.2001, p …”

III. Ordinary forms of development of the law S. 234-254

„… principle (Enumerationsprinzip) is based on the regulation by individual facts. If a general analogy were …” „… judgments that traders are entitled to rely on an application by analogy of a regulation which would not …”

I. The purpose of the law as teleological interpretation S. 163-171

„… his textbook, Westermann vividly describes the interests on which the respective regulation decides …”

I. General legal principles and legal doctrine S. 307-315

„… Bydlinski: ‘They are thus guiding principles and justifications of a legal regulation, but not the positive …”

II. Subjective versus objective theory S. 225-234

„… .113 In some areas of law, due to the dynamics of the subject of regulation much shorter periods of …”

I. Balancing in public law S. 338-348

„… requirements in the case of the emergency regulations in Sections 228 and 904 of the Civil Code (Bürgerliches …”

III. Legal creativity and legal thinking S. 503-513

„… bodies to exercise self-regulation; thirdly, it widens the consensus of the decision; and, fourthly, it …”

Table of Cases S. 557-567

„… , 83 f., 88) BVerfG, Order of 4.11.2015, 2 BvR 282/13 et al., NJW 2016, 1436 – Price regulation for …”

V. Examination sequence and ranking of argumentation concepts as building blocks of a metamethodology S. 519-531

„… redress a defect of a regulation, Maunsell v. Olins [1975] A.C. 373 at 393 per Lord Simon, see chapter 5 …”

doi.org/10.17104/9783406779305

Alexander Proelß, Amber Rose Maggio, Eike Blitza, Oliver Daum - United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

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Alexander Proelß (Hrsg.), Amber Rose Maggio (Hrsg.), Eike Blitza (Hrsg.), Oliver Daum (Hrsg.)

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

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Band 2021

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Article 201. Scientific criteria for regulations S. 1344-1346

„… and reductionof amenities.’11Article 201Scientific criteria for regulationsIn the light of the …” „… ), 10,para. 161.Scientific criteria for regulations 3–5 Art. 201Stephens 1345Reemers Publishing Services …”

Article 17. Rules, regulations and procedures of the Authority S. 2235-2250

„… Regulationsand the 2012 Crusts Regulations, in particular with respect to their highest environmentalstandards …” „… theautomatic entry into force of amendments to regulations in respect of existing contracts atthe time of such …” „… amendments. The Regulations of the Authority make it clear that anyamendment to Regulations are ‘without …”

Article 180. Exemption from restrictions, regulations, controls and moratoria S. 1240-1241

„… moratoriaThe property and assets of the Authority shall be exempt from restrictions, regulations,controls and …” „… statesthat ‘the property and assets of the Authority shall be exempt from restrictions, regulations,controls …” „… ; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmArticle 180Exemption from restrictions, regulations, controls and …”

Article 73. Enforcement of laws and regulations of the coastal State S. 556-563

„… ) as part of its technicalassistance programme.8Article 73Enforcement of laws and regulations of the …” „… regulations adopted by it in conformity with thisConvention.2. Arrested vessels and their crews shall be …” „… violations of fisheries laws and regulations in the exclusiveeconomic zone may not include imprisonment, in …”

Article 21. Laws and regulations of the coastal State relating to innocent passage S. 199-208

„… and regulations of the coastal State relating to innocent passage1. The coastal State may adopt laws …” „… and regulations, in conformity with the provisionsof this Convention and other rules of international …” „… following:(a) the safety of navigation and the regulation of maritime traffic;(b) the protection of …”

Article 42. Laws and regulations of States bordering straits relating to transit passage S. 313-320

„… State may find remedy against the violations.44Article 42Laws and regulations of States bordering …” „… thefollowing:(a) the safety of navigation and the regulation of maritime traffic, as provided in article41;(b) the …” „… prevention, reduction and control of pollution, by giving effect to applicableinternational regulations …”

Article 30. Non-compliance by warships with the laws and regulations of the coastal State S. 244-248

„… function as a military vessel.19Article 30Non-compliance by warships with the laws and regulations ofthe …” „… coastal StateIf any warship does not comply with the laws and regulations of the coastal Stateconcerning …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51. ‘comply with the laws and regulations of the coastal State …”

Article 54. Duties of ships and aircraft during their passage, research and survey activities, duties of the archipelagic State and laws and regulations of the archipelagic State relating to archipela... S. 404-408

„… generally accepted international regulations,procedures and practices for preventing, reducing and …” „… surveyactivities, duties of the archipelagic State and laws and regulations ofthe archipelagic State relating to …” „… , Vessel-Source MarinePollution: The Law and Politics of International Regulation (2006)Documents: IMO, SOLAS …”

Article 168. International character of the Secretariat S. 1198-1205

„… as provided in the rules, regulations and proce-dures of the Authority.2. The Secretary-General and …” „… concerned to atribunal designated by the rules, regulations and procedures of the Authority. The …” „… Secretary-General shall dismiss the staff member concerned.4. The rules, regulations and procedures of the Authority …”

Article 165. The Legal and Technical Commission S. 1178-1187

„… Regulations;Reg. 35(6) Ferromanganese Crusts Regulations.Part XI. The AreaArt. 165 21–221186 van DoornReemers …” „… Nodules Regulations; Reg. 23(3)(d)–(c) Polymetallic Sulphides Regulations;Reg. 23(3)(d)–(c) Ferromanganese …” „… Crusts Regulations.The Legal and Technical Commission 13–15 Art. 165van Doorn 1183Reemers Publishing …”

Article 153. System of exploration and exploitation S. 1080-1089

„… ); Part IV, Annex 3 and 4 Sulphides Regulations(note 25); Part IV, Annex III and IV Nodules Regulations …” „… adoption of rules, regulations and procedures on the financial terms of contracts by theAuthority and the …” „… as other relevantprovisions of this Part and the relevant Annexes, and the rules, regulations and …”

Article 4. Qualifications of applicants S. 2135-2147

„… Activities in the Area, ISA Doc. ISBA/20/C/11 (2014); ISA, Analysis of Regulation 11.2 of the Regulationson …” „… the Sulphides Regulations and of the Crusts Regulations.Basic Conditions of Prospecting, Exploration …” „… Authority. The Regulations on Prospecting and Explorationof the Authority have set out the form and standard …”

Article 6. Approval of plans of work S. 2154-2161

„… . II, para. 19(b)(i)(a) and (g) of the Crusts Regulations.Basic Conditions of Prospecting, Exploration …” „… Regulation.Approval of plans of work 12–15 Art. 6 Annex IIILe Gurun 2159Reemers Publishing Services …” „… provisionsof this Convention and the rules, regulations and procedures of the Authority, includingthose on …”

Article 167. The staff of the Authority S. 1191-1198

„… accordance with therules, regulations and procedures of the Authority.Bibliography: Satya Nandan …” „… to theStaff Regulations of the International Seabed Authority, ISA Doc. ISBA/16/C/4 (2010); ISA …” „… Regulations of the Authority, ISA Doc.ISBA/6/C/10 (2000); ISA, Decision of the Assembly of the International …”

Article 145. Protection of the marine environment S. 1007-1028

„… Cobalt-richFerromanganese Crusts in the Area, ISA Doc. ISBA/18/A/11 (2012), Annex); Reg. 1(3)(a) Sulphides Regulations(ISA …” „… power of enacting rules and regulations,contained in the second sentence, was transferred to the …” „… of the ‘Standard clauses for exploration contract’ contained in: Crusts Regulations,Annex IV; Nodules …”

Article 16. Exclusive right to explore and exploit S. 2224-2235

„… Regulations, provides that the Regulations‘shall not in any way affect the freedom of scientific research …” „… Regulationsfollowing their alignment with the 2010 Sulphides Regulations. Until approval of the first plan of work …” „… its rules, regulations and procedures,accord the operator the exclusive right to explore and exploit …”

Article 2. Prospecting S. 2117-2126

„… Regulations.Basic Conditions of Prospecting, Exploration and ExploitationAnnex III Art. 2 13–152122 Le GurunReemers …” „… Regulations and of the Crusts Regulations).Prospecting 16–19 Art. 2 Annex IIILe Gurun 2123Reemers Publishing …” „… ; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmRegulations,22 including their standard clauses for exploration contracts …”

Article 21. Applicable law S. 2263-2267

„… the contract, the rules, regulations andprocedures of the Authority, Part XI and other rules of …” „… contractors sponsored by it, or toships flying its flag, of environmental or other laws and regulations more …” „… stringent thanthose in the rules, regulations and procedures of the Authority adopted pursuant toarticle 17 …”

Article 162. Powers and functions S. 1157-1169

„… ) Polymetallic Sulphides Regulations;Reg. 35(1) and (2) Ferromanganese Crusts Regulations.79 Reg. 33(3 …” „… Implementation Agreement, Annex, S. 1, para. 9; Reg. 26(1) and (2) Polymetallic Nodules Regulations;Reg. 28(1 …” „… Regulations.Powers and functions 22–23 Art. 162van Doorn 1167Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/Proells/3d/PART …”

Article 209. Pollution from activities in the Area S. 1400-1407

„… Pollution from activities in the Area1. International rules, regulations and procedures shall be established …” „… fromactivities in the Area. Such rules, regulations and procedures shall be re-examined fromtime to time as …” „… under their authority, as the case may be.The requirements of such laws and regulations shall be no less …”

Article 146. Protection of human life S. 1028-1035

„… Mining RegulationsPromulgated by the International Seabed Authority, Colorado J.Int’l Envtl.L.& Pol’y 16 …” „… processwill be ‘prescriptive regulations and detailed guidelines’ with regard to the protection of themarine …” „… ensureeffective protection of human life. To this end the Authority shall adopt appropriate rules,regulations and …”

Article 176. Legal status S. 1228-1232

„… Accounting Standards; the Authority would, in accordance with Regulation11.3 of the Financial Regulations …” „… 48/263 (XLVIII) of 17 August 1994; ISA, Decision of theCouncil Relating to the Regulations on Prospecting …” „… Assembly Relating to the Regulations on Prospecting andExploration for Polymetallic Sulphides in the Area …”

Article 14. Transfer of data S. 2209-2216

„… Nodules regulations, Reg. 30 of the Sulphides Regulationsand of the Crusts Regulations (ISA, Regulations …” „… necessary for theformulation by the Authority of rules, regulations and procedures concerning protectionof …” „… , International Seabed Authority Regula-tions on Prospecting and Exploration for Polymetallic Nodules in the Area …”

Article 175. Annual audit S. 1226-1228

„… Financial Regulations( Financial Regulations, Reg. 6.1). Until now, the borrowing capacity has not been …” „… 10 December 1982, GA Res. A 48/263 (XLVIII) of 17 August 1994; ISA, Financial Regulations(2000); ISA …” „… standard in most international organizations.2 According to the Financial Regulations, the Assembly …”

Article 3. Exploration and exploitation S. 2126-2135

„… comply with Reg.12 of the Crusts Regulations.Exploration and exploitation 20–22 Art. 3 Annex IIILe Gurun …” „… accordancewith this Convention and the relevant rules, regulations and procedures of the Authority.4. Every …” „… approved plan of work shall:(a) be in conformity with this Convention and the rules, regulations and …”

Article 8. Reservation of areas S. 2166-2177

„… and Crusts Regulations,the applicant is given an option to elect either to contribute to a reserved …” „… Submitted by UK Seabed Resources Ltd., ISA Doc. ISBA/18/C/28 (2012); ISA, Regulations on Prospecting and …” „… Exploration for Polymetallic Sulphides in the Area, ISA Doc.ISBA/16/A/12/REV.1 (2010), Annex; ISA, Regulations …”

Article 18. Penalties S. 2250-2257

„… , Part XI and the rules, regulations and procedures of theAuthority; or(b) if the contractor has failed …” „… Exploitation in the Area (2015);ISA, Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Cobalt-rich Ferromanganese …” „… Crusts in the Area, ISA Doc.ISBA/18/A/11 (2012), Annex; ISA, Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration …”

Article 13. Financial terms of contracts S. 2199-2209

„… , regulations and procedures concerning the financial terms of acontract between the Authority and the entities …” „… XIand those rules, regulations and procedures, the Authority shall be guided by thefollowing …” „… , regulations and procedures of the Authority.(ii) In all cases other than those specified in subparagraphs …”

Article 19. Revision of contract S. 2257-2261

„… Regulationsand Crusts Regulations; S. 3 of the Standard Clauses for Exploration Contract in Annex 4 to each of …” „… . ISBA/21/C/19* (2015); ISA, Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration forCobalt-rich Ferromanganese …” „… Crusts in the Area, ISA Doc. ISBA/18/A/11 (2012), Annex; ISA, Regulations onProspecting and Exploration …”

Article 166. The Secretariat S. 1187-1191

„… Law of the Sea: Progress and Prospects(2006), 75–92Documents: ISA, Regulations on Prospecting and …” „… (2014); ISA, Regulations on Prospecting and Explorationfor Cobalt-rich Ferromanganese Crusts in the Area …” „… ) Polymetallic Nodules Regulations; Reg. 35(6) Polymetallic Sulphides Regulations; Reg. 35(6)Ferromanganese …”

Article 10. Preference and priority among applicants S. 2189-2193

„… ) (d) of the Nodules Regulations; Reg. 23 (3) (d) of the Sulphides Regulationsand of the Crusts …” „… Commentary, vol. VI (2002)Documents: ISA, Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Polymetallic …” „… Sulphides in the Area, ISA Doc.ISBA/16/A/12/REV.1 (2010), Annex; ISA, Regulations on Prospecting and …”

Article 5. Transfer of technology S. 2147-2154

„… (2010), Annex) and of the Crusts Regulations(ISA, Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for …” „… the Crusts Regulations.Basic Conditions of Prospecting, Exploration and ExploitationAnnex III Art …” „… . With the exception of one undertaking,50 others arerepeated in the three sets of Regulations on …”

Article 22. Responsibility S. 2267-2275

„… Regulations on Prospecting and Explorationwhich the Authority has adopted so far.21 The enforceability in the …” „… Party to its sponsored contractors or to ships flying its flag of environmental lawsand regulations more …” „… stringent than those contained in the rules, regulations and proceduresadopted by the Authority under Art …”

Article 149. Archaeological and historical objects S. 1052-1058

„… Regulations is the adverb ‘immediately’that appears twice in the latter regulations.Part XI. The AreaArt. 149 …” „… regulations and controls.’49The convincing rationale behind this statement is that another interpretation …” „… culturalorigin, or the State of historical and archaeological origin.Documents: ISA, Regulations on Prospecting …”

Article 135. Legal status of the superjacent waters and air space S. 946-949

„… Regulations)adopted in 2012, contain the following provision:‘These Regulations shall not in any way affect the …” „… Jurisdiction, GA Res. A 2749 (XXV) of 17 December 1970; ISA, Regulations onProspecting and Exploration for …” „… Cobalt-Rich Ferromanganese Crusts in the Area, ISA Doc. ISBA/18/A/11(2012), Annex; ISA, Regulations on …”

Article 214. Enforcement with respect to pollution from seabed activities S. 1458-1463

„… implement the adopted laws and regulationsaccording to Art. 208.8 The national laws and regulations referred …” „… regulations andinternational rules and standards. In comparison to other sources of marine pollution …” „… Enforcement with respect to pollution from seabed activitiesStates shall enforce their laws and regulations …”

Article 15. Training programmes S. 2216-2224

„… Regulations of the Authority.Persons with an authorized access are required to make a written declaration …” „… to follow the applicable regulations and procedures ensuring theconfidentiality of data and …” „… andinformation brought to its knowledge pursuant to the Regulations or a contract. This is alsoemphasized in the …”

Article 174. Borrowing power of the Authority S. 1224-1226

„… FinancialRegulation 6.4, or as of the first day of the calendar year to which they relate, whichever is thelater. As …” „… account as miscellaneous income ( Financial Regulations, Reg. 6).12 The Secretary General may make …” „… or account ( FinancialRegulations, Reg. 9).Article 174Borrowing power of the Authority1. The …”

Article 22. Sea lanes and traffic separation schemes in the territorial sea S. 208-213

„… regulations’23 According to Art. 21 (3), the coastal State must give due publicity to all applicable laws …” „… minimum, relevant legislation and regulations must be publicly available. The IMO has notedthat this …” „… laws and regulations’24 All foreign ships shall comply with the laws and regulations of the coastal …”

Article 213. Enforcement with respect to pollution from land-based sources S. 1451-1458

„… Stockholm Convention has been implemented by several regulations.Member States are required to report …” „… Enforcement with respect to pollution from land-based sourcesStates shall enforce their laws and regulations …” „… adopted in accordance with article 207and shall adopt laws and regulations and take other measures …”

Article 215. Enforcement with respect to pollution from activities in the Area S. 1463-1467

„… pollution from activities in the AreaEnforcement of international rules, regulations and procedures …” „… Biodiversity in Areas beyond NationalJurisdiction, IJMCL 27 (2012), 773–781Documents: ISA, Draft Regulations on …” „… ); ISA, Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for PolymetallicNodules in the Area, ISA Doc. ISBA/6/A …”

Article 255. Measures to facilitate marine scientific research and assist research vessels S. 1713-1717

„… of the Sea.17 The rules, regulations,and procedures have to be ‘reasonable,’ a notion that is …” „… scientific research and assistresearch vesselsStates shall endeavour to adopt reasonable rules, regulations …” „… and regulations, access to their harbours and promote assistance for marinescientific research vessels …”

Article 154. Periodic Review S. 1089-1092

„… bound tothe rules, regulations and procedures of the Authority that were in force at the time …” „… Regulations, that it has revised after the conclusion of the contract. This is particularlyrelevant with …” „… . Note by the Secretary-General, ISA Doc. ISBA/21/A/4 (2015);ISA, Regulations on Prospecting and …”

Article 210. Pollution by dumping S. 1407-1419

„… , ‘as in the case of flag-state regulation,may be invoked notwithstanding the grant of a permit …” „… ; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm5. ‘shall be no less effective than international rules, regulations and …” „… less effective’ than the international rules, regulations and proceduresestablished by the ISA pursuant …”

Article 160. Powers and functions S. 1132-1148

„… approve, upon the recommendation of the Council, the rules,regulations and procedures on the equitable …” „… the rules, regulations and procedures of the Authority,and any amendments thereto, provisionally …” „… adopted by the Council pursuant toarticle 162, paragraph 2 (o)(ii). These rules, regulations and …”

Article 222. Enforcement with respect to pollution from or through the atmosphere S. 1521-1527

„… vesselsflying their flag or vessels or aircraft of their registry, their laws and regulations adopted …” „… and regulations and take other measures necessary to implement applic-able international rules and …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81. States shall enforce […] and shall adopt laws and regulations […] necessary toimplement …”

Article 220. Enforcement by coastal States S. 1505-1512

„… its passage therein, violated laws and regulations of that Stateadopted in accordance with this …” „… prevention,reduction and control of pollution from vessels or laws and regulations of that Stateconforming and giving …” „… establish whether a violation has occurred.4. States shall adopt laws and regulations and take other …”

Article 94. Duties of the flag State S. 707-714

„… regulations,procedures and practices’.11 Art. 94 also complements Art. 92 (1) which grants exclusivejurisdiction over a …” „… , the crew are fully conversantwith and required to observe the applicable international regulations …” „… paragraphs 3 and 4 each State is required toconform to generally accepted international regulations …”

Article 189. Limitation on jurisdiction with regard to decisions of the Authority S. 1266-1271

„… The Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Polymetallic Nodules in the Areaadopted by the …” „… the question of whether any rules, regulations and procedures of theAuthority are in conformity with …” „… ISA, Decision of the Assembly on the Regulations for Exploration and Exploitation for Polymetallic …”

Article 20. Transfer of rights and obligations S. 2261-2263

„… transferred only with theconsent of the Authority, and in accordance with its rules, regulations and …” „… exploration contracts in each set of the Regulations onProspecting and Exploration develop further the …” „… Regulations on exploitation will also address the issue of transferof rights and obligations under a contract …”

Article 173. Expenses of the Authority S. 1222-1224

„… contributions by States and international organisations ( Financial Regulations,Reg. 5.7).6Annual contributions …” „… . 67/238 of24 December 2012; ISA, Financial Regulations (2000)ContentsI. Purpose and Function …” „… administrative expenses set up inthe Financial Regulations ( Art. 173 (2); Financial Regulations, Reg. 5.1),7 and …”

Article 208. Pollution from seabed activities subject to national jurisdiction S. 1391-1400

„… jurisdiction1. Coastal States shall adopt laws and regulations to prevent, reduce and controlpollution of the …” „… pollution.3. Such laws, regulations and measures shall be no less effective than international …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91. ‘Coastal States shall adopt laws and regulations to prevent, reduce and controlpollution …”

Article 240. General principles for the conduct of marine scientific research S. 1617-1624

„… research shall be conducted in compliance with all relevant regula-tions adopted in conformity with this …” „… , Protecting the Diversity of the Depths: Environmental Regulation of Bioprospecting and MarineScientific …” „… ’. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134. ‘compliance with all relevant regulations adopted in conformity with thisConvention …”

Article 139. Responsibility to ensure compliance and liability for damage S. 968-976

„… , which states that regulations of theConvention concerning responsibility and liability are without …” „… primary andsecondary responsibilities of States Parties – apart from regulations similar to the …” „… , Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Polymetallic Nodules in the Area, UN Doc.ISBA/6/A/18 (2000 …”

Article 211. Pollution from vessels S. 1419-1443

„… re-examined from time to time as necessary.2. States shall adopt laws and regulations for the prevention …” „… registry.Such laws and regulations shall at least have the same effect as that of generally …” „… sovereignty within their territorial sea, adoptlaws and regulations for the prevention, reduction and control …”

Article 234. Ice-covered areas S. 1566-1585

„… Regulations(NORDREG) and the Law of the Sea, IJMCL 30 (2015), 225–254; Cynthia Lamson, Arctic Shipping, MarineSafety …” „… , 261–266; and James Kraska, The Northern Canada Vessel Traffic Services Zone Regulations(NORDREG) and the …” „… ecologicalbalance. Such laws and regulations shall have due regard to navigation and the protectionand preservation …”

Article 147. Accommodation of activities in the Area and in the marine environment S. 1035-1046

„… Crusts Regulations,S. 21.8.63 ISA, Developing a Regulatory Framework for Deep Sea Mineral Exploitation in …” „… ; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmFramework on Exploitation Regulations issued by the Authority indicates …” „… onlyinstitution with powers to enact regulations specifically for activities in the Area. Whendeveloping …”

Article 207. Pollution from land-based sources S. 1378-1391

„… ‘Importance of National Regulation’and the ‘Inadequacy of Liability Provisions’.7 Patricia Birnie/Alan …” „… shall adopt laws and regulations to prevent, reduce and control pollution of themarine environment from …” „… . Laws, regulations, measures, rules, standards and recommended practices andprocedures referred to in …”

Article 1. Title to minerals S. 2113-2117

„… in accordance with Part XI of the Convention and therules, regulations and procedures of the …” „… andexploitation of the common heritage of mankind should be governed by the regulations of theInternational Seabed …” „… accordance with the rules, regulations laid down by the Authority and the termsand conditions of the relevant …”

Article 12. Activities carried out by the Enterprise S. 2195-2199

„… governed by Part XI, the rules, regulations and procedures of theAuthority and its relevant decisions.2 …” „… . ISBA/19/C/4 (2013); ISA, Regulations onProspecting and Exploration for Cobalt-rich Ferromanganese …” „… Crusts in the Area, ISA Doc. ISBA/18/A/11(2012), Annex; ISA, Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration …”

Article 163. Organs of the Council S. 1169-1174

„… Council for approval such rulesand regulations as may be necessary for the efficient conduct of the …” „… Agreement, Annex, S. 2, para. 2.104 Art. 162 (2)(k), Reg. 9 Polymetallic Nodules Regulations; Reg. 9 …” „… Polymetallic Sulphides Regulations; Reg. 9Ferromanganese Crusts Regulations.105 Arts. 162 (2)(g) and 160 (2)(i …”

Article 41. Sea lanes and traffic separation schemes in straits used for international navigation S. 307-313

„… traffic separation schemes shall conform to generally acceptedinternational regulations.4. Before …” „… is recognized as ‘the only international body fordeveloping guidelines, criteria and regulations on …” „… regula-tions) and 5 (cooperation by two or more States in formulating proposals for TSS) ofArt. 41.15 In the …”

Article 9. Activities in reserved areas S. 2177-2189

„… , regulations and procedures, substantive andprocedural requirements and conditions with respect to such …” „… . Nordquist, Peaceful45 Reg. 16 of the Nodules Regulations; Reg. 17 of the Sulphides Regulations and of the …” „… Crusts Regulations. Seealso Le Gurun on Annex III Arts. 6 and 9.46 Annex, S. 2, para. 15.47 See Art. 170 …”

Article 53. Right of archipelagic sea lanes passage S. 393-404

„… regulations.Although true as a matter of legal competence, this perhaps understates the role of the IMOsince it will …” „… regulations.9. In designating or substituting sea lanes or prescribing or substituting traffic separa-tion …” „… ’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156. ‘shall conform to generally accepted international regulations …”

Article 65. Marine mammals S. 519-527

„… , paras. 13–15.43 E. g. Central America Fisheries and Aquaculture Organization, Regulation OSP-05-11 to …” „… Related Provisions: Practice under the International Convention for the Regulation ofWhaling, in: David …” „… . Birnie, International Regulation of Whaling, vol. 1 (1985); Patricia W. Birnie, TheConservation and …”

Article 120. Marine mammals S. 850-858

„… Convention for the Regulation ofWhaling, in: David Freestone/Richard Barnes/David M. Ong (eds.), The Law of …” „… Sumi, The Regulation of Driftnet Fishing onthe High Sea: Legal Issues, FAO Legislative Study 47 (1991 …” „… Negotiations Towards the International Regulation of Whaling, AJIL136 Nordquist/Nandan/Rosenne (note 33 …”

Article 23. Foreign nuclear-powered ships and ships carrying nuclear or other inherently dangerous or noxious substances S. 213-217

„… permitted.12The relevant international organisation is the IMO. In accordance with Ch. V, Regulation10 (2 …” „… and regulations on an international level for ships’ routing systems.27 It iswidely recognized as …” „… contains extensive rules on safety of navigation,including the use of routing systems (Regulation 10), ship …”

Article 171. Funds of the Authority S. 1216-1220

„… December 1982, GA Res. A 48/263 (XLVIII) of 17 August 1994; ISA, Financial Regulations(2000)ContentsI …” „… ‘other funds’ as disposed in the FinancialRegulations ( Reg. 6 (1) (f)).6 Consequently, the funds of the …” „… Secretary-General( Financial Regulation 6.4), or as of the first day of the calendar year to which they …”

Article 1. Use of terms and scope S. 17-27

„… the Regulation of Underwater Noise Pollution, in: Davor Vidas/Peter Johan Schei (eds.), TheWorld Ocean …” „… . Scott,International Regulation of Undersea Noise, ICLQ 53 (2004), 287–323; Suzette V. Suarez, The Outer Limits of …” „… Ocean Fertilisation and Other Marine Geoengineering Activities; ISA, Regulations onProspecting and …”

Article 256. Marine scientific research in the Area S. 1717-1725

„… JosephAttard (2010), 119–128; Michael W. Lodge, International Seabed Authority’s Regulations on Prospecting …” „… Diversity of the Depths: Environ-mental Regulation of Bioprospecting and Marine Scientific Research Beyond …” „… . 2006); ISA, Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Polymetallic Sulphides in theArea, ISA Doc …”

Article 114. Breaking or injury by owners of a submarine cable or pipeline of another submarine cable or pipeline S. 785-788

„… laws and regulations necessary to provide that, if personssubject to its jurisdiction who are the …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51. ‘laws and regulations’ and ‘jurisdiction …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9I. Purpose and Function1 Art. 114 requires States to adopt laws and regulations such that, where …”

Article 133. Use of terms S. 936-943

„… . 1 (3) (a) Cobalt-Rich Ferromanganese Crusts Regulations.Use of terms 12 Art. 133Scovazzi 939Reemers …” „… Jurisdiction, GA Res. A 2749 (XXV) of 17 December 1970; ISA, Regulations onProspecting and Exploration for …” „… Cobalt-Rich Ferromanganese Crusts in the Area, ISA Doc. ISBA/18/A/11(2012), Annex; ISA, Regulations on …”

Article 245. Marine scientific research in the territorial sea S. 1643-1649

„… Bork/Johannes Karstensen/Martin Visbeck/Andreas Zimmermann, The Legal Regulation of Floats and Gliders – In …” „… coastal States to adopt laws and regulations relating to innocent passage through the territorial seawith …” „… Research and the Law of the Sea (1982), 144–145.5 The regulation of MSR in the territorial sea was not …”

Article 47. Archipelagic baselines S. 352-374

„… (1976), 225, 243–244.6 See, e. g., the Indonesian Government Regulation on the list of geographical …” „… coordinates of the base points ofthe archipelagic baselines of Indonesia in the Natuna Sea, Regulation No. 61 …” „… seas/EEZ (as originally described): cf. ExplanatoryNote to Indonesian Regulation No. 61, available at …”

Article 62. Utilization of the living resources S. 493-506

„… , through agreements or other arrangements and pursuant tothe terms, conditions, laws and regulations …” „… coastal State. These laws and regulations shall be consistent with thisConvention and may relate, inter …” „… Regulation under International Law: A Comment on the La Bretagne Award of July 17, 1986, SanDiegoLRev 25 …”

Article 98. Duty to render assistance S. 725-730

„… (EUNAVFOR MED) [2015] OJ L 122/31; EU, Regulation No 656/2014 ofthe European Parliament and of the Council …” „… SOLAS 1948, annexed regulations, Ch. V, Reg. 15 read in part: ‘Each Contracting Government undertakes …” „… the crew losing their lives. An EU regulation of 2014 governingmaritime border surveillance operations …”

Article 238. Right to conduct marine scientific research S. 1605-1614

„… Diversityof the Depths: Environmental Regulation of Bioprospecting and Marine Scientific Research Beyond …” „… further provisions on theconduct of such research. Special regulations concerning MSR in the different …” „… Despite this recognition, the historical development ofinternational legal regulation of MSR is one of …”

Article 20. Submarines and other underwater vehicles S. 196-199

„… provisionshould be read in conjunction with Art. 21 (1)(b) and (c), which provide for the regulation …” „… the mother ship subject todiscreet regulation. They would be regulated as part of the mother ship …” „… may bepermitted where such a request is refused.19Article 21Laws and regulations of the coastal State …”

Article 217. Enforcement by flag States S. 1474-1487

„… enforcement of such rules, standards, laws and regulations,irrespective of where a violation occurs.2. States …” „… Republic of Germany: Draft Articles on Enforcement of RegulationsConcerning the Protection or the Marine …” „… information shall beavailable to all States.8. Penalties provided for by the laws and regulations of States …”

Article 177. Privileges and immunities S. 1232-1236

„… ; ISA Staff Regulations(note 15).18 See Schatz on Art. 158 MN 8–10; Ferrara on Art. 170 and on Art. 174 …” „… Regulations andRules of the International Seabed Authority (2011); ISA, Protocol on the Privileges and …” „… prohibited by the law or controlled by the quarantine regulations of the Partyconcerned; and inspection in …”

Article 172. Annual budget of the Authority S. 1220-1222

„… 10 December 1982, GA Res. A 48/263 (XLVIII) of 17 August 1994; ISA, Financial Regulations(2000 …” „… ); Financial Regulations, Reg. 2.1 and Reg. 3.1).2 The Secretary General shall draft the annual budget and …” „… ); FinancialRegulations, Reg. 3.4 and Reg. 3.6). Between 1997 and 2002, the Assembly adopted therevised budget, as …”

Article 216. Enforcement with respect to pollution by dumping S. 1467-1474

„… regulations,irrespective of where a violation occurs.2. States shall, in particular, take appropriate measures in order to …” „… the ITLOS advisory opinion, which states that inaddition to domestic laws and regulations, domestic …” „… respect to pollution by dumping1. Laws and regulations adopted in accordance with this Convention and …”

Article 111. Right of hot pursuit S. 772-779

„… continental shelf, including safety zones around continental shelfinstallations, of the laws and regulations …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41. ‘law and regulations …” „… regulations adopted by the Second Committee of The Hague CodificationConference in 1930.’6 The main changes …”

Index S. 2553-2618

„… .– conformity with international regulations53 16– designation of sea lanes 53 7– duties of archipelagic States …” „… background 53 2 et seq.– International Civil Aviation Organization53 18– laws and regulations of archipelagic …” „… 46 9 et seq.– inclusion of other islands 46 29– laws and regulations relating to archipelagicsea …”

Article 188. Submission of disputes to a special chamber of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea or an ad hoc chamber of the Seabed Disputes Chamber or to binding commercial arbitration S. 1261-1266

„… : firstly, thosethat posit that the application of any rules, regulations and procedures of the Authority in …” „… Rules or such other arbitration rules as may be prescribedin the rules, regulations and procedures of …” „… , vol. VI (2002)Documents: ISA, Decision of the Assembly on the Regulations for Exploration and …”

Article 223. Measures to facilitate proceedings S. 1527-1531

„… rights and duties as may beprovided under national laws and regulations or international law.Bibliography …” „… , theenforcing State may always request, subject to its national laws and regulations, the attendanceof the …” „… proceedings by private entities must beassessed under the national laws and regulations of the State …”

Article 58. Rights and duties of other States in the exclusive economic zone S. 444-458

„… the coastalState and shall comply with the laws and regulations adopted by the coastal State …” „… ’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237. ‘and shall comply with the laws and regulations adopted by the coastal State inaccordance with …” „… ) furthermore obliges other States tocomply with the laws and regulations adopted by the coastal State on the …”

Article 134. Scope of this Part S. 943-946

„… governed by the provisions of this Convention and shall be subjectto regulation and supervision by the …” „… regulations and the provisions of this Convention.’24 After some discussion at the various sessions of the …” „… the UNCLOS and regulations adopted by the International Sea-Bed Authority(ISA or the Authority). This …”

Article 178. Immunity from legal process S. 1236-1238

„… ; ISA Staff Regulations(note 15).18 See Schatz on Art. 158 MN 8–10; Ferrara on Art. 170 and on Art. 174 …” „… ) of 17 August 1994); ISA, Staff Regulations and Rules of theInternational Seabed Authority (2011).16 …” „… StaffRegulations (note 15).17 See Schatz on Art. 158 MN 7; Jaeckel on Art. 167; S. 7, Annex of the 1994 Agreement …”

Article 212. Pollution from or through the atmosphere S. 1443-1451

„… notified.Article 212Pollution from or through the atmosphere1. States shall adopt laws and regulations to prevent …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61. ‘States shall adopt laws and regulations to prevent, reduce and controlpollution …” „… or of their registry, establish national laws and regulations to prevent, reduce and controlpollution …”

Article 11. Joint arrangements S. 2193-2195

„… operations.8 The Sulphides Regulationsand the Crusts Regulations have elaborated on joint venture …” „… formulate rules, regulations and procedures for the financial terms of the contracts.See Le Gurun on Annex …” „… governed by Part XI, the rules, regulations and procedures of theAuthority and its relevant decisions.2 …”

Article 115. Indemnity for loss incurred in avoiding injury to a submarine cable or pipeline S. 788-791

„… injury to a submarinecable or pipelineEvery State shall adopt the laws and regulations necessary to …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51. ‘laws and regulations’ and jurisdiction …” „… the words ‘laws and regulations necessary’ in place of ‘necessarylegislative measures’, a drafting …”

Article 118. Cooperation of States in the conservation and management of living resources S. 817-830

„… Fisheries Resources (1989); Albert W Koers, International Regulation ofMarine Fisheries: A Study of Regional …” „… Fisheries Organisations (1973); Leonard L. Leonard, InternationalRegulation of Fisheries (1944); John F …” „… ); Darren S. Calley,Market Denial and International Fisheries Regulation: The Targeted and Effective Use of …”

Article 226. Investigation of foreign vessels S. 1537-1544

„… records.(b) If the investigation indicates a violation of applicable laws and regulations orinternational …” „… a balancebetween the right of coastal States to enforce its laws and regulations and that of flag …” „… in instanceswhere discharges of a ship in violation of international regulations that had taken place …”

Article 246. Marine scientific research in the exclusive economic zone and on the continental shelf S. 1649-1664

„… most frequently in such laws and regulations,while some States have included more detailed provisions …” „… incertain cases by including a provision to that effect in their regulations on MSR.49 On the otherhand …” „… Scientific Research, Marine Policy 29(2005), 163–174; Katharina Bork, The Legal Regulation of Floats and …”

Article 109. Unauthorized broadcasting from the high seas S. 763-767

„… public contrary to international regulations, butexcluding the transmission of distress calls.3. Any …” „… most affected by such activities was the regulation of valuable space on theradio spectrum.3 The …” „… quasi-uniform legislation was basedon International Telecommunication Union (ITU) regulations. However, the ITU …”

Article 186. Sea-Bed Disputes Chamber of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea S. 1250-1254

„… : GA Res. 2749 (XXV) of 17 December 1970; ISA, Draft Regulations on Prospecting and Explorationfor …” „… Polymetallic Nodules in the Area, ISA Doc. ISBA/6/C/L.2 (2000); ISA, Staff Regulations of the …” „… InternationalSeabed Authority (2nd edn. 2011); ISA, Staff Regulations of the International Seabed Authority, ISA Doc …”

Article 39. Duties of ships and aircraft during transit passage S. 300-305

„… transit passage shall:(a) comply with generally accepted international regulations, procedures and …” „… practices forsafety at sea, including the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea;(b …” „… ) comply with generally accepted international regulations, procedures and practices forthe prevention …”

Article 187. Jurisdiction of the Seabed Disputes Chamber S. 1254-1261

„… thus far never been employed. The pertaining provision is ISA StaffRegulation 10.3 (ISA, Staff …” „… Regulations of the International Seabed Authority (2nd edn. 2011), available …” „… of disciplinary matters’, ISA, Staff Regulations of theInternational Seabed Authority, ISA Doc. ISBA …”

Article 143. Marine scientific research S. 989-1002

„… Regulations, reads: ‘These Regulationsshall not in any way affect the freedom of scientific research, pursuant …” „… : https://www.isa.org.jm/sites/default/files/files/documents/bp2-2016-chile-final.pdf; ISA, Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Cobalt-rich …” „… FerromanganeseCrusts in the Area, ISA Doc. ISBA/18/A/11 (2012), Annex; ISA, Regulations on Prospecting and …”

Article 230. Monetary penalties and the observance of recognized rights of the accused S. 1554-1557

„… penalties only may be imposed with respect to violations of national lawsand regulations or applicable …” „… with respect to violations of national lawsand regulations or applicable international rules and …” „… ’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62. ‘violations of national laws and regulations or applicable international rules andstandards …”

Article 228. Suspension and restrictions on institution of proceedings S. 1547-1552

„… ’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62. ‘violation of applicable laws and regulations or international rules andstandards […] committed …” „… enforcement of its laws and regulations to shipsflying its flag, regardless of whether proceedings have …” „… . ‘violation of applicable laws and regulations or international rules andstandards […] committed by a foreign …”

Article 179. Immunity from search and any form of seizure S. 1238-1240

„… moratoriaThe property and assets of the Authority shall be exempt from restrictions, regulations,controls and …” „… ; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmArticle 180Exemption from restrictions, regulations, controls and …” „… (ISA) propertyand assets from any kind of restrictions, regulations, controls, and moratoria …”

Article 2. Legal status of the territorial sea, of the air space over the territorial sea and of its bed and subsoil S. 27-34

„… jurisdictional competence over specific activities such as fishing orcustoms regulation. The ‘property theory’ of …” „… Greenland.20 Itwas also acknowledged in the 1919 Paris Convention relating to the Regulation of …” „… Regulation of Aerial Navigation, 13 October 1919, LNTS11, 174.22 League of Nations, Acts of the Conference …”

Article 258. Deployment and use S. 1731-1738

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 Resolution LC-LP.1 (2008) on the Regulation of Ocean Fertilization, IMO Doc. LC 30/16 (2008 …” „… /. Technical information on floats and gliders isprovided by Katharina Bork et al., The Legal Regulation of …” „… jurisdiction, as theArgo project has shown,22 and may need specific regulation.23 Finally, in some cases …”

Article 80. Artificial islands, installations and structures on the continental shelf S. 628-634

„… regulations(Art. 60 (2)). In order to address the safety of navigation around such constructions, thecoastal State …” „… (eds.) The Regulation ofContinental Shelf Development: Rethinking International Standards (2013 …” „… . Nordquist/John NortonMoore/Aldo Chircop/Ronán Long (eds.) The Regulation of Continental Shelf Development …”

Article 224. Exercise of powers of enforcement S. 1531-1534

„… theapplicable national laws and regulations, lawfully act on its behalf and in accordance with avalid mandate …” „… shall haverights and duties as provided by national laws and regulations. The current wording is …” „… enjoyed rights instead of having rights, as well as mentioned legislation inplace of laws and regulations …”

Article 8. Internal waters S. 84-96

„… Control (2004); UN, Laws and Regulations on the Regime of theTerritorial Sea, UN Doc. ST/LEG/SER.B/6 (1957 …” „… States may decide which, if any, of their ports areopen for foreign vessels, though such regulations are …” „… and Regulations on the Regime of the Territorial Sea,Part II. Territorial sea and contiguous zoneArt …”

Article 116. Right to fish on the high seas S. 791-803

„… International Fisheries Management (1975), 1–45; Albert W. Koers, Interna-tional Regulation of Marine Fisheries …” „… ), 327–358; Leonard L. Leonard, International Regulation of Fisheries (1944); TedMcDorman, Stateless Fishing …” „… Sea (1911), for descriptions of early disputes; and Leonard L.Leonard, International Regulation of …”

Article 19. Meaning of innocent passage S. 186-196

„… regulations of the coastal State;(h) any act of wilful and serious pollution contrary to this Convention;(i …” „… , MarinePolicy 23 (1999), 131–145; Lindy S. Johnson, Coastal State Regulation of International Shipping (2004 …” „… be in conformity with coastal State lawsand regulations, and a paragraph making allowance for …”

Article 233. Safeguards with respect to straits used for international navigation S. 1563-1566

„… the laws and regulations referred to in article 42, paragraph 1(a)and (b), causing or threatening …” „… exercise theirenforcement powers with respect to the laws and regulations relating to transit …” „… passage,namely on the safety of navigation and the regulation of maritime traffic, as well as theprevention …”

Article 11. Finances S. 2300-2304

„… for establishing the rules,regulations and procedures regarding the financial terms of the contracts …” „… Preparatory Commission in the draftrules, regulations and procedures of the Authority.(b) All States Parties …” „… , regulations and procedures of the Authority, whichshall take into account the paramount importance of ensuring …”

Article 257. Marine scientific research in the water column beyond the exclusive economic zone S. 1725-1731

„… . 44, Statement by Pakistan). A number ofStates referred to international regulation of MSR in the …” „… draftinghistory also shows that, in contrast to Art. 256 which originated in proposals for regulation ofMSR in …” „… relevant regulations adopted in conformity with thisConvention including those for the protection and …”

Article 170. The Enterprise S. 1210-1216

„… ; ISA, Informal Consultationsand Collected Documents (2002); ISA, Staff Regulations and Rules of the …” „… the Area [and] act in accordancewith this Convention and the rules, regulations and procedures of …” „… Agreement and the consequent rules, regulations and proceedings; theEnterprise was meant to entail the …”

Article 33. Contiguous zone S. 254-272

„… necessary to:(a) prevent infringement of its customs, fiscal, immigration or sanitary laws and regula-tions …” „… within its territory or territorial sea;(b) punish infringement of the above laws and regulations …” „… regulations within its territory orterritorial sea;(b) Punish infringement of the above regulations committed …”

Article 79. Submarine cables and pipelines on the continental shelf S. 618-628

„… regulations for the continental shelfin order to accommodate the interests of coastal States and States laying …” „… designand function, the International Law Commission (ILC) extended its regulations regardingsubmarine …” „… submarinepipelines govern the pump installations and the regulations governing installations andstructures do not …”

Article 192. General obligation S. 1277-1287

„… Aspects, BfN Skripten 43 (2001), 175–184; Detlef Czybulka/PeterKersandt, Legal Regulations, Legal …” „… Kersandt, Legal Regulations, Legal Instruments and Competent Authorities withrelevance for MPAs in the EEZ …” „… that Art. 192 is not applicable in the EEZ due to theexistence of a more specific regulation. In fact …”

Article 90. Right of navigation S. 690-692

„… Karstensen/Martin Visbeck/Andreas Zimmerman, The Legal Regula-tion of Floats and Gliders – In Quest of a New Regime …” „… InternationalRegulation for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs) defines as a ‘vessel’: ‘every descrip-5 Churchill/Lowe …” „… Tanaka, TheInternational Law of the Sea (2nd edn. 2016)16 Reg. 3 (a) of the Regulations annexed to …”

Article 132. Grant of greater transit facilities S. 933-936

„… ordinary domestic law and regulations of thecoastal State concerned, as well as any relevant port law,36 …” „… December 1970; ISA, Regulations onProspecting and Exploration for Cobalt-Rich Ferromanganese Crusts in the …” „… Area, ISA Doc. ISBA/18/A/11(2012), Annex; ISA, Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for …”

Article 260. Safety zones S. 1740-1744

„… of the laws and regulations applicable therein.137 Unlike the 1973 proposal to the Sea-Bed Committee …” „… Doc.IOC-XVII/INF.1 (1993).19 Katharina Bork et al., The Legal Regulation of Floats and Gliders – In Quest of a New …” „… 260.2).11 Katharina Bork et al., The Legal Regulation of Floats and Gliders – In Quest of a New Regime …”

Article 196. Use of technologies or introduction of alien or new species S. 1319-1328

„… ONE 8(7) (2013); Karen N. Scott, International Regulation of Undersea Noise, ICLQ 53 (2004), 287–324 …” „… the marine environment and leaves these regulations unaffected.The impacts of technologies, which are …” „… regulations of the Convention concerningpollution), whereas the duty stemming from Art. 196 cl. 1 has to be …”

Article 60. Artificial islands, installations and structures in the exclusive economic zone S. 464-480

„… laws and regulations.3. Due notice must be given of the construction of such artificial islands …” „… jurisdiction with regard to customs, fiscal, health, safety andimmigration laws and regulations …” „… State not only covers the construction of these objects, but extends to theauthorization and regulation …”

Article 1. Purposes S. 2275-2278

„… accordance with this Convention and the rules, regulations and procedures of theAuthority.3. In developing …” „… ’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52. ‘the Enterprise shall act in accordance with this Convention and the rules,regulations and …” „… mm 240.00mm2. ‘the Enterprise shall act in accordance with this Convention and the rules,regulations …”

Article 13. Legal status, privileges and immunities S. 2307-2311

„… , regulations,controls and moratoria of any nature’. The States Parties must ‘ensure that the Enterpriseenjoys all rights …” „… , shall be free from discriminatory restrictions, regulations, controls andmoratoria of any nature.(c) The …” „… Enterprise and its employees shall respect local laws and regulations in anyState or territory in which the …”

Article 117. Duty of States to adopt with respect to their nationals measures for the conservation of the living resources of the high seas S. 803-817

„… International Fisheries Regulation: The Targeted andEffective Use of Trade Measures Against the Flag of …” „… with appropriate internationalfisheries organisations in the regulation and enforcement of conservation …” „… for regulation through the establishment of an ‘international seafisheries regime’ which would ensure …”

Article 152. Exercise of powers and functions by the Authority S. 1074-1080

„… , regulations and procedureson the financial terms of contracts, Annex III, Art. 13 (1)(d) and (14) and the 1994 …” „… Annex III, Art. 17 (1)(c)(i) concerning the rules, regulations and procedures onfinancial matters.2 …” „… by activities in the Area. With regardto the adoption of rules, regulations and procedures on the …”

Article 225. Duty to avoid adverse consequences in the exercise of the powers of enforcement S. 1534-1537

„… may be attained by coastal States adopting andgiving due publicity to rules and regulations and …” „… compliance with flag States’ lawsand regulations relating to the seaworthiness of vessels ( Art. 94 (3)(a …” „… Rule 10 Convention onthe International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs) and Reg …”

Article 81. Drilling on the Continental Shelf S. 634-639

„… (eds.), The Regulation of Continental Shelf Development: Rethinking InternationalStandards (2013 …” „… Chircop/Ronán Long (eds.), The Regulation of Continental Shelf Devel-opment: Rethinking International Standards …” „… for how regulation and authorisation shouldbe carried out by the coastal State, and no obligation that …”

Article 164. The Economic Planning Commission S. 1174-1178

„… the rules, regulations and procedures referred toin article 162, paragraph 2(o), taking into account …” „… Area;(g) keep such rules, regulations and procedures under review and recommend to theCouncil from time to …” „… environ-ment resulting from activities in the Area, ensure that existing regulations areadequate and are …”

Article 231. Notification to the flag State and other States concerned S. 1557-1561

„… Articles on Enforcement of RegulationsConcerning the Protection of the Marine Environment Against …” „… accordance withinternational regulations that would be relevant to establish whether the suspected …” „… theFederal Republic of Germany on enforcement regulations concerning the protection of themarine environment …”

Article 274. Objectives of the Authority S. 1797-1801

„… . ISBA/19/LTC/14 (2013); ISA, Regulations onProspecting and Exploration for Cobalt-rich Ferromanganese …” „… field of marine technology’8 The Authority has adopted several regulations on prospecting and …” „… with the Convention and the relevant rules, regulations and procedures of theAuthority concerning the …”

Article 194. Measures to prevent, reduce and control pollution of the marine environment S. 1295-1315

„… German Offshore Waters (2006), 27–46;Detlef Czybulka/Peter Kersandt, Legal Regulations, Legal Instruments …” „… Considerations, IJMCL 19 (2004), 1–17; Robin Warner, Protecting theDiversity of Depths: Environmental Regulation …” „… regulations never-theless remains partly unsolved due to the system of ‘flags of convenience’9.3A remarkable …”

Article 63. Stocks occurring within the exclusive economic zones of two or more coastal States or both within the exclusive economic zone and in an area beyond and adjacent to it S. 506-513

„… Regulation(EU) No. 793/2013 of 20 August 2013, OJ 2013 L 223, 1, establishing measures in respect of the Faroe …” „… regulations. It does not specify what form this due notice must take and it maypresumably be satisfied by the …” „… publication of laws and regulations.79Article 63Stocks occurring within the exclusive economic zones of two or …”

Article 72. Restrictions on transfer of rights S. 554-556

„… ) as part of its technicalassistance programme.8Article 73Enforcement of laws and regulations of the …” „… regulations adopted by it in conformity with thisConvention.2. Arrested vessels and their crews shall be …” „… violations of fisheries laws and regulations in the exclusiveeconomic zone may not include imprisonment, in …”

Article 229. Institution of civil proceedings S. 1552-1554

„… connectedwith any incident involving any violation of applicable laws and regulations or international rules …” „… violations of national lawsand regulations or applicable international rules and standards for the prevention …” „… regulations or applicable international rules and standards for the prevention, reduc-tion and control of …”

Article 241. Non-recognition of marine scientific research activities as the legal basis for claims S. 1624-1630

„… relevant regula-tions and, hence, be treated less strictly than ‘pure’ MSR.19 In addition to regulations …” „… , ‘all relevant regulations’ refer inter alia to coastal Stateregulations on innocent passage through …” „… regulations for MSR in theEEZ ( Art. 56 (1) (b) (ii)).34Article 241Non-recognition of marine scientific …”

Article 254. Rights of neighbouring land-locked and geographically disadvantaged States S. 1707-1713

„… , An International Regime for Marine Scientific Research (2003); Gerhard Hafner, TheRegulation of …” „… States may1 Gerhard Hafner, The Regulation of Marine Scientific Research Activities of Landlocked and …” „… vesselsStates shall endeavour to adopt reasonable rules, regulations and procedures to promoteand facilitate …”

Article 3. Breadth of the territorial sea S. 34-41

„… Such vestedrights are not absolute and may be subject to ‘reasonable regulation’, for example to …” „… between coastal States and third States. Reasonable regulation appearsto include regulation to protect or …” „… preserve fisheries, regulation to uphold public order ormorality, and regulation to secure equitable …”

Article 156. Establishment of the Authority S. 1097-1107

„… as observers, in accordance with itsrules, regulations and procedures.4. The seat of the Authority …” „… pillar is formed by ‘rules, regulations and procedures’ which, created by theAuthority itself on the …” „… as well as other relevant provisions of this Part and the relevant Annexes, and therules, regulations …”

Article 259. Legal status S. 1738-1740

„… shelf.Bibliography: Katharina Bork/Johannes Karstensen/Martin Visbeck/Andreas Zimmermann, The Legal Regula-tion of …” „… installations in the EEZ and the continental shelf in case ofviolation of the laws and regulations applicable …” „… Regulation of Floats and Gliders – In Quest of a New Regime?, ODIL 39(2008), 298.Part XIII. Marine scientific …”

Article 301. Peaceful uses of the seas S. 1943-1947

„… Regulation of the Use of Force (1986); Robin R.Churchill/Alan V. Lowe, The International Law of the Sea (3rd …” „… ; Claud H. M. Waldock, The Regulation of the Use of Force by Individual States in International Law,RdC 81 …” „… Regulation of the Use of Force by Individual States in International Law, RdC 81(1951), 451, 492.3 Ibid.4 …”

Article 181. Archives and official communications of the Authority S. 1241-1244

„… restrictions, regulations,controls and moratoria of any nature.’5Considering the split of legal personality …” „… , shall befree from discriminatory restrictions, regulations, controls and moratoria of any nature.’2 …” „… , the ISA shall enjoy as far as is compatible withinternational agreements, regulations and arrangements …”

Article 249. Duty to comply with certain conditions S. 1679-1690

„… the method of research conforms torelevant regulations for the protection and preservation of the …” „… established by the laws and regulations ofthe coastal State …” „… apply conditions under its laws and regulations in cases where it has grantedconsent to resource-related …”

Article 7. Selection among applicants for production authorizations S. 2161-2166

„… ; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm5. ‘[…] the Authority may adopt by means of rules, regulations …” „… non-discriminatory standards setforth in its rules, regulations and procedures.3. In the application of paragraph 2 …” „… development of theRegulations on exploitation of mineral resources in the Area which are under …”

Article 6. Powers and functions of the Governing Board S. 2288-2293

„… the Enterpriseand to adopt regulations to give effect to such rules;(m) to borrow funds and to furnish …” „… on the Law of the Sea, ISBADoc. ISBA/19/C/10 (2013); ISA, Laws, Regulations and Administrative …” „… Russian Federation, ISA, Laws, Regulations and Administrative Measures Adopted by Sponsoring Statesand …”

Article 56. Rights, jurisdiction and duties of the coastal State in the exclusive economic zone S. 418-437

„… and freedoms of other States in the EEZare the object of regulation of Art. 58.825. ‘governed by the …” „… Regulation of Bioprospecting and Marine ScientificResearch Beyond National Jurisdiction, Ocean Yearbook 22 …” „… have exclusive jurisdiction for the purpose of control, regulation and exploitation of bothliving and …”

Article 219. Measures relating to seaworthiness of vessels to avoid pollution S. 1496-1505

„… .), RoutledgeHandbook of Maritime Regulation and Enforcement (2016), 71–85; Donald R. Rothwell/Tim Stephens …” „… Port States, in: Robin Warner/Stuart Kaye, Routledge Handbook of MaritimeRegulation and Enforcement …” „… Safety ofLife at Sea, the Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at …”

Article 38. Right of transit passage S. 293-300

„… Regulation ofTransboundary Traffic in Hazardous Wastes: The 1989 Basel Convention, ICLQ 41 (1992), 530–562 …” „… Regulation ofTransboundary Traffic in Hazardous Wastes: The 1989 Basel Convention, ICLQ 41 (1992), 530 …” „… with generally accepted international regulations, procedures and practices forsafety at sea, including …”

Article 151. Production policies S. 1066-1074

„… rules, regulations and procedures on the financial terms of contracts.57Article 151Production policies1 …” „… , therules, regulations and procedures of the Authority prescribe another period.(b) In the application for …” „… shall establish rules, regulations and procedures pursuant toAnnex III, article 17, to implement this …”

Article 93. Ships flying the flag of the United Nations, its specialized agencies and the International Atomic Energy Agency S. 704-707

„… registry to a flag of convenience in orderto avoid proper legal regulations of the vessel’s activities. The …” „… Countries and the United Nations Flag Codeand Regulations (1990), reproduced in: UN Juridical Yearbook (1990 …” „… Nations and Host Countries and the United Nations Flag Code and Regulations (1990),reproduced in: UN …”

Article 112. Right to lay submarine cables and pipelines S. 779-782

„… , Telecommunications, International Regulation, MPEPIL,available at: http://www.mpepil.comDocuments: GA Res 65/37 of 7 …” „… , International Regulation, MPEPIL,paras. 12–16, available at: http://www.mpepil.com; Gilbert Gidel, Le droit …” „… injury of a submarine cable or pipelineEvery State shall adopt the laws and regulations necessary to …”

Article 18. Remuneration of members S. 2366-2369

„… be determined at meetings of the States Parties, onthe proposal of the Tribunal.7. Regulations …” „… Art. 18 (7) Annex VI requires that the States Parties adopt regulations which determinethe conditions …” „… See supra, note 6.16 See the Pension Scheme Regulations for Members of the International Tribunal for …”

Article 24. Duties of the coastal State S. 217-222

„… regulations or applicableinternational rules and standards. Enforcement action against warships and other …” „… of any laws or regulations adopted in conformity with thisConvention, the coastal State shall not:(a …” „… discriminateagainst foreign ships in their regulation of innocent passage. Lastly, the coastal State mustprovide …”

Article 29. Definition of warships S. 241-244

„… . 30 (compliance with laws and regulations of the coastal State), Art. 31(responsibility of the flag …” „… warships with the laws and regulations ofthe coastal StateIf any warship does not comply with the laws and …” „… regulations of the coastal Stateconcerning passage through the territorial sea and disregards any request for …”

Article 250. Communications concerning marine scientific research projects S. 1690-1693

„… and regulations of thecoastal State for the exercise of its discretion to grant or withhold consent …” „… (Columbia); Art. 5 (2) Regulations of the People’s Republic of Chinaon the Management of Foreign-related …” „… . 7 (2) Marine Scientific Research Act, 5 January 1995 (Korea); Art. 8 Regulations Relating to …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 196Article 21. Laws and regulations of the coastal State relating to innocent passage …” „… .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 241Article 30. Non-compliance by warships with the laws and regulations of the coastal State …” „… ... .. .. .. .. .. .. . 307Article 42. Laws and regulations of States bordering straits relating to transit passage …”

Article 91. Nationality of Ships S. 692-700

„… Tanaka, TheInternational Law of the Sea (2nd edn. 2016)16 Reg. 3 (a) of the Regulations annexed to …” „… , ILM 26,1229 (not yet in force).18 Katharina Bork et al., The Legal Regulation of Floats and Gliders …” „… tons, otherexceptions may be made by regulations; compare S. 47(a) Canada Shipping Act 2001 exempting …”

Article 303. Archaeological and historical objects found at sea S. 1950-1961

„… regulations referred to in that article.3. Nothing in this article affects the rights of identifiable owners …” „… coastal States from enforcing, in anexclusive manner, their own laws and regulations concerning such …” „… thecoastal State would result in an infringement in its territory or territorial sea of the regulations of …”

Article 148. Participation of developing States in activities in the Area S. 1046-1052

„… regulations and controls.’49The convincing rationale behind this statement is that another interpretation …” „… culturalorigin, or the State of historical and archaeological origin.Documents: ISA, Regulations on Prospecting …” „… , Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Polymetallic Sulphides in theArea, ISA Doc. ISBA/16/A/12/REV.1 …”

Article 38. Applicable law S. 2458-2459

„… lawIn addition to the provisions of article 293, the Chamber shall apply:(a) the rules, regulations and …” „… concerning activities in the Area in matters relating to those contracts; and therules, regulations and …”

Article 7. Incompatible activities S. 2346-2347

„… concerned, see Regulation 1.6 of the Staff Regulations of the Tribunal, available at …”

Article 35. Scope of this Part S. 276-284

„… grow ever stronger.35 An examplewould be of Turkey’s regulations regarding the Turkish Straits. The …” „… 1994 Regulations, witha view to regulating especially the passage of tankers of oil or other toxic …” „… the 1994 Turkish Regulations met with strongopposition from user States, Turkey amended them in …”

Article 206. Assessment of potential effects of activities S. 1369-1378

„… . 31 (5) Nodules Regulation and Reg. 33 (6) Sulphides Regulation, foundStates to be under a direct …” „… based on the InternationalSeabed Authority (ISA) Regulations and particularly on the Recommendations for …” „… 207Pollution from land-based sources1. States shall adopt laws and regulations to prevent, reduce and …”

Article 2. Relationship to the Authority S. 2278-2282

„… rules,regulations and procedures of the Authority’7 The Enterprise must act in accordance with the UNCLOS and the …” „… rules, regulations andprocedures of the Authority. While Art. 1 (2) Annex IV reiterates the general …” „… political organs of the Authority and subject to thepolicies, directives and regulations dictated by them …”

Article 43. Navigational and safety aids and other improvements and the prevention, reduction and control of pollution S. 320-324

„… and regulations fromthe notion of transit passage assumes significance for the following reason: if …” „… come into play.20 If compliance (or lack thereof) with local laws and regulations does not affect the …” „… legal status of the strait concerned. If a user State’s vessels donot abide by local regulations within …”

Article 78. Legal status of the superjacent waters and air space and the rights and freedoms of other States S. 614-618

„… Robin Wagner, Protecting the Diversity of the Depths: Environmental Regulation of Bioprospecting …” „… continental shelf in relation to the construction, authorisation and regulation ofinstallations and structures …” „… purposes (Art. 80), and authorisation and regulation of drillingfor all purposes (Art. 81).7 The legal …”

Article 311. Relation to other conventions and international agreements S. 2009-2019

„… upon the filling-outof this framework by more detailed regulation initiated by international …” „… relations inlaw of the sea matters. Even without express regulation in Art. 311 (1), the same effect wouldbe …” „… which evolved after the conclusion of UNCLOS on the basis ofits regulations, e. g. with regard to the …”

Article 137. Legal status of the Area and its resources S. 957-964

„… andthe rules, regulations and procedures of the Authority.3. No State or natural or juridical person …” „… recovered from the Area […] may only be alienated inaccordance with this Part and the rules, regulations and …” „… this Part and the rules, regulations and procedures of theAuthority’13Regarding minerals recovered from …”

Article 32. Immunities of warships and other government ships operated for non-commercial purposes S. 250-254

„… coastal State laws and regulations adopted inconformity with Arts. 21 and 22.6 They also remain subject to …” „… necessary to:(a) prevent infringement of its customs, fiscal, immigration or sanitary laws and regula-tions …” „… within its territory or territorial sea;(b) punish infringement of the above laws and regulations …”

Article 236. Sovereign immunity S. 1591-1596

„… laws and regulations for theprevention, reduction and control of marine pollution from foreign vessels …” „… regulations of the coastal State concerning innocent passage (with the exception ofthose concerning the marine …” „… for non-commercial purposes with the laws and regulations of the coastal State concerning passage …”

Article 18. Meaning of passage S. 181-186

„… which Appear Ripe For International Regulation,LN Doc. C.196.M.70.1927.V (1927), 72.9 League of Nations …” „… ); League of Nations, Report to the Council on the Questions which Appear Ripe For InternationalRegulation …” „… regulations of the coastal State;(h) any act of wilful and serious pollution contrary to this Convention;(i …”

Article 8. Conditions relating to participation of members in a particular case S. 2347-2349

„… undertaken by them’; as far as decorationsand other honours are concerned, see Regulation 1.6 of the Staff …” „… Regulations of the Tribunal, available at …”

Article 27. Criminal jurisdiction on board a foreign ship S. 229-237

„… exception, when read withthe requirement for vessels to adhere to coastal State laws and regulations under …” „… view is difficult to reconcile with the view that not every breach of coastal State lawsor regulations …” „… mmbreach of laws and regulation in the EEZ. Under domestic law, enforcement authorities aregenerally …”

Article 237. Obligations under other conventions on the protection and preservation of the marine environment S. 1596-1605

„… regulations concerning the protection and preservation of the marine environmentincluding its ecosystems on a …” „… regulations or to review and reviseexisting ones.5 Hence, Art. 237 (1) is not only a conflict rule resolving …” „… Art. 215 MN 8–10.21 See Council Regulation (EC) No 734/2008 of 15 July 2008 on the Protection of …”

Article 310. Declarations and Statements S. 2001-2009

„… phrased or named, with aview, inter alia, to the harmonization of its laws and regulations with the …” „… reference to‘the harmonization of [the declaring party’s] laws and regulations with the provisions of …” „… statements can be made ‘with a view, inter alia, tothe harmonization of its laws and regulations with the …”

Article 31. Responsibility of the flag State for damage caused by a warship or other government ship operated for non-commercial purposes S. 248-250

„… government shipoperated for non-commercial purposes with the laws and regulations of the coastal …” „… . Extent of Responsibility5Responsibility may arise for breaches of laws and regulations on innocent …”

Article 6. Duties of parties to a dispute S. 2477-2479

„… localities to which the case relates.Documents: ICJ, Rules of Court (1978); ICSID, Convention, Regulations …” „… , Regulations and Rules, Arbitration Rules, ICSID Doc. ICSID/15 (2006),available at …”

Article 17. Right of innocent passage S. 176-181

„… Doc. A/3159 (1956), GAOR 11th Sess. Suppl. 9, 4–12; UN OLA, Laws and Regulations on the Regime ofthe …” „… , ILC Yearbook (1955), vol. I, 10.34 See Rule 1 (c) International Regulations for Preventing Collisions …” „… Reports (1986), 14 (para. 214).42 See generally UN OLA, Laws and Regulations on the Regime of the …”

Article 40. Research and survey activities S. 305-307

„… vessels and warships. Furthermore, itspecifies one type of ship as subject to its regulation, namely …” „… acceptedinternational regulations.4. Before designating or substituting sea lanes or prescribing or substituting …”

Article 66. Anadromous stocks S. 527-536

„… marine mammals regulation in a variety of interna-tional fora73 and to some extent also their cooperation …” „… origin in theharvesting of stocks originating in its rivers.(d) Enforcement of regulations regarding …” „… Commission haspowers to recommend regulations to the parties on the management and conservation ofsalmon. On …”

Article 161. Composition, procedure and voting S. 1148-1157

„… the Council is authorized to take bythe rules, regulations and procedures of the Authority or …” „… tounanimity because there are no alternative rules in the absence of consensus.6515 Any rules, regulations and …” „… of procedureand questions of substance. These rules, regulations or procedures then preferably …”

Article 200. Studies, research programmes and exchange of information and data S. 1341-1344

„… amenities.’11Article 201Scientific criteria for regulationsIn the light of the information and data acquired …” „… examines marine pollutionor has implications for its regulation is carried out by an array of governmental …”

Article 12. Operations S. 2304-2307

„… , regulations, controls andmoratoria of any nature.(c) The Enterprise and its employees shall respect local laws …” „… and regulations in anyState or territory in which the Enterprise or its employees may do business …”

Article 297. Limitations on applicability of section 2 S. 1906-1918

„… management laws and regulations.(b) Where no settlement has been reached by recourse to section 1 of this …” „… contravention of this Convention or of laws or regulations adoptedby the coastal State in conformity with this …” „… undermine the Convention’s regulation of such research.8 Further,should the conciliation commission’s report …”

Article 6. Reefs S. 60-65

„… on the Law of the Sea –1982, Special Publication No. 51 (edn. 5.0.0 June 2014); IHO, Regulations of …” „… , perhaps in connection with a generalrevision of the regulations concerning low-tide elevations. The 1953 …” „… , Kiribati,Maldives, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Cook Islands, Niue, and Tokelau.26 Cf. IHO, Regulations …”

Article 64. Highly migratory species S. 513-519

„… the Sea and Related Provisions: Practice under the International Convention forthe Regulation of …” „… and Related Provisions: Practice under the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling …” „… , paras. 13–15.43 E. g. Central America Fisheries and Aquaculture Organization, Regulation OSP-05-11 to …”

Article 300. Good faith and abuse of rights S. 1937-1943

„… . 112), the right to carry out high-seas fishing (Art. 116) and the rules relating to the regulation of …” „… ), 359–389; Antonio Cassese, The Current Legal Regulation of the Use of Force (1986); Robin R.Churchill/Alan …” „… Conflict (2008),189–218; Claud H. M. Waldock, The Regulation of the Use of Force by Individual States in …”

Article 159. Composition, procedure and voting S. 1122-1132

„… be pursued by the Authority and by provisionally adopting certainrules, regulations and procedures …” „… rules,regulations and procedures on the equitable sharing of financial and othereconomic benefits derived from …” „… theAssembly;(ii) to consider and approve the rules, regulations and procedures of the Authority,and any amendments …”

Article 218. Enforcement by port States S. 1487-1496

„… violation of its laws and regulations are sufficiently severe to discouragefurther violations. A very …” „… better compliance byvessels and their crews with discharge regulations viz. prohibitions. The concept of …” „… regulations against merchant shipsunder foreign flags using them. In order to be subject to port State …”

Article 221. Measures to avoid pollution arising from maritime casualties S. 1512-1521

„… and regulations on marine environment will apply inJapan’s EEZ (Art. 3 (1)). The Act also makes it …” „… andRegulations on Maritime Security] (2009), 329–345.25 Chelsea Purvis, Coastal State Jurisdiction under UNCLOS …” „… or vessels or aircraft of their registry, their laws and regulations adopted inaccordance with …”

Article 5. Normal baseline S. 45-60

„… (3rd edn. 1993); IHO, Regulations of the IHO for International (INT)Charts and Chart Specifications …” „… proposalfor a draft regulation by Special Rapporteur FRANÇOIS was similar to the 1930 proposal in …” „… : http://www.gps.gov/technical/ps/2008-SPS-performance-standard.pdf.60 IHO, Regulations of the IHO for International (INT) Charts …”

Article 26. Charges which may be levied on foreign ships S. 226-229

„… read withthe requirement for vessels to adhere to coastal State laws and regulations under Art. 21 …” „… reconcile with the view that not every breach of coastal State lawsor regulations renders passage …”

Article 89. Invalidity of claims of sovereignty over the high seas S. 687-690

„… and could require regulation.246The principle that the high seas cannot be subjected to sovereign …” „… : Katharina Bork/Johannes Karstensen/Martin Visbeck/Andreas Zimmerman, The Legal Regula-tion of Floats and …”

Article 239. Promotion of marine scientific research S. 1614-1617

„… right toconduct MSR is subject to the regulation of the relationship between the UNCLOS and …” „… conducted in compliance with all relevant regula-tions adopted in conformity with this Convention including …”

Article 251. General criteria and guidelines S. 1693-1696

„… (Columbia); Art. 5 (2) Regulations of the People’s Republic of Chinaon the Management of Foreign-related …” „… . 7 (2) Marine Scientific Research Act, 5 January 1995 (Korea); Art. 8 Regulations Relating to …”

Article 77. Rights of the coastal State over the continental shelf S. 604-614

„… .) TheRegulation of Continental Shelf Development: Rethinking International Standards (2013), 225–258; Tomas …” „… Depths: Environmental Regulation of Bioprospect-ing and Marine Scientific Research beyond National …” „… Shelf: Exploring New Frontiers, in:Nordquist et al. (eds.) The Regulation of Continental Shelf …”

Article 253. Suspension or cessation of marine scientific research activities S. 1700-1707

„… to be taken against research activities which are carried out incontravention of laws and regulations …” „… (note 2), 436.24 For example, Art. 13 of Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the Management …” „… Regulations of the People’s Republic ofChina (4th edn. 2012), 494–498.25 For example, Art. 36 (1) of the …”

Article 44. Duties of States bordering straits S. 324-327

„… transit passage, the reporting system,just as coastal States’ regulations on various matters,8 imposed on …” „… 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm‘Nothing in this regulation or its associated guidelines and …”

Article 99. Prohibition of the transport of slaves S. 730-733

„… another country ‘in contravention of the principle of non-refoulement.’40 These regulations have been …” „… ’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 838 Art. 10(1), FRONTEX Regulation (n 24).39 Ibid., Arts. 2(12) and 10(c).40 Ibid., Art 4(1).41 …”

Article 113. Breaking or injury of a submarine cable or pipeline S. 782-785

„… shall adopt the laws and regulations necessary to provide that the breakingor injury by a ship flying …” „… ofanother submarine cable or pipelineEvery State shall adopt the laws and regulations necessary to provide …”

Article 227. Non-discrimination with respect to foreign vessels S. 1544-1547

„… violation of international regulations to prevent,reduce and control pollution from ships, that State should …” „… and regulations additional to or more stringent than therelevant internationally agreed rules and …”

Article 150. Policies relating to activities in the Area S. 1058-1066

„… materials from the seabed’; on the regulation of production see also ibid., lit. g.16 See for instance Pinto …” „… new principles for the establishmentof rules, regulations and procedures on the financial terms of …” „… unless, having regard to the nature and timing of project development, therules, regulations and …”

Article 308. Entry into force S. 1985-1992

„… Article 161 if the provisions ofthat Article cannot be strictly applied.4. The rules, regulations and …” „… Preparatory Commission mandated to devise rules and regulations, whileResolution II laid down principles …” „… : While the Commission (asenvisaged in para. 4) did draft ‘rules, regulations and procedures’, as a forum …”

Article 7. Straight baselines S. 65-84

„… Nations on the Questions Which Appear Ripe for InternationalRegulation, LN Doc. C.196.M70.1927.V. (1927 …” „… unstable coastline calls the applicability ofthe regulation in question that was designed to privilege just …” „… regulation could alter the condition it is dependent upon.75 UN DOALOS (note 29), 53–54.76 Prescott (note 48 …”

Article 128. Free zones and other customs facilities S. 920-924

„… customs regulations of the coastal States. They remain,however, subject to the jurisdiction of those …” „… zoneswould then apply, see EEC Regulation No 2913/92 of 12 October 1992 establishing the Community …”

Article 204. Monitoring of the risks or effects of pollution S. 1356-1364

„… exploitation of the marine livingresources was in need of regulation.12 As the conservation measures13 required …” „… providing Northern European States with a scientificbasis for their fishing regulations.146 Accepting …” „… rulesand regulations for the protection and preservation of the marine environment, the Member Stateshave …”

Article 263. Responsibility and liability S. 1749-1757

„… the installation itself.19 The International Telecommunications Union has alsoadopted regulations on …” „… more specific inrequiring States to adopt ‘laws and regulations’ and to take ‘administrative measures …” „… confirmation in that it precludes coastalStates from arguing that the regulation of MSR amounts to an exercise …”

Article 82. Payments and contributions with respect to the exploitation of the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles S. 639-651

„… develop rules, regulations and procedures which will applyfrom the moment of receipt and until they are …” „… Management,Regulation and Enforcement (BOEMRE) receives the contingent royalty at the end of theproduction lease year …” „… , regulations and procedures on the equitable sharing of financial and othereconomic benefits derived from …”

Article 52. Right of innocent passage S. 389-393

„… Publication Laws and Regulations on the Regime of the Territorial Sea, UN Doc. A/CONF.19/5/ADD.1 (1960 …” „… waters, in practice itsenjoyment and regulation may differ due to the fact that the underlying juridical …”

Article 92. Status of ships S. 700-704

„… laws and regulations’ (Art. 73 (1)) giving effect to itssovereign rights and jurisdiction in the EEZ.6 …” „… orderto avoid proper legal regulations of the vessel’s activities. The ILC said of this provision,though …”

Article 105. Seizure of a pirate ship or aircraft S. 749-753

„… Force, in: Robin Warner/Stuart Kaye(eds.), Routledge Handbook of Maritime Regulation and Enforcement …” „… Moore, The Use of Force, in: RobinWarner/Stuart Kaye (eds.), Routledge Handbook of Maritime Regulation …”

Article 107. Ships and aircraft which are entitled to seize on account of piracy S. 755-759

„… (2015), 307–324; James Kraska, International and Comparative Regulation of Private Maritime …” „… , International and Comparative Regulation of Private Maritime Security Companies employed inCounter-Piracy, in …”

Article 108. Illicit traffic in narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances S. 759-763

„… Between the United Kingdom and the USA Respecting the Regulation of the LiquorTraffic, 23 January1924 …” „… reception by the general public contrary to international regulations, butexcluding the transmission of …”

Article 244. Publication and dissemination of information and knowledge S. 1639-1643

„… States arerequired to adopt and implement regulations that take into account scientific findings.43Data …” „… Zimmermann, The Legal Regulation of Floats and Gliders – In Quest of a New Regime?, ODIL 39(2008), 298–328 …”

Article 197. Cooperation on a global or regional basis S. 1328-1333

„… Seabed Authority (ISA)the authority to adopt ‘rules, regulations and procedures’ in order to prevent …” „… pollution [caused by dumping].’Art. 210 (6) states further that ‘[n]ational laws, regulations and measures …”

Article 126. Exclusion of application of the most-favoured-nation clause S. 911-916

„… regulations,reciprocal commercial presence (including offices), motor vehicle and licensing regulations, liability …”

Article 309. Reservations and exceptions S. 1992-2001

„… Art. 310, to ‘the harmonization of its lawsand regulations with the provisions of this Convention …” „… which purport tosubordinate the interpretation or application of UNCLOS to national laws and regulations …” „… phrased or named, with aview, inter alia, to the harmonization of its laws and regulations with the …”

Article 124. Use of Terms S. 893-898

„… could conflict with existinginternational regulations on civil aviation.32 A proposal that gas and …” „… LLS and transit States,is possible by virtue of Art. 124 (2). Regulations relating to transit by means …”

Article 278. Cooperation among international organizations S. 1807-1813

„… ). The IOC has, in particular, addressed legal gaps in the regulation of technology transfer through …” „… of further regulation inthis field.10Art. 278 refers specifically to the duty of international …”

Article 247. Marine scientific research projects undertaken by or under the auspices of international organizations S. 1664-1673

„… );Alfred H. A. Soons, Regulation of Marine Scientific Research by the European Community and Its Member …” „… issledovanii v sovremennom morskom prave (The Regulation of MarineScientific Research in the Contemporary Law …” „… . A. Soons, Regulation of Marine Scientific Research by the European Community and Its MemberStates …”

Preamble S. 1-17

„… marinescientific research ( Part XIII) were also important and required regulation.19 But also developments of a …” „… order is essentially a coherent system of rules and regulations in which every part isin a particular …” „… , according to Preamble 4, it is established? As it consists of therules and regulations provided in the …”

Article 37. Access S. 2457-2458

„… provisions of article 293, the Chamber shall apply:(a) the rules, regulations and procedures of the Authority …”

Article 119. Conservation of the living resources of the high seas S. 830-850

„… has its origins in the late 19th century, bywhich time the need for international regulation of the …” „… fishery regulations for areas of the high seas as long as those measures did notdiscriminate ‘in form or …” „… under the International Convention for the Regulation ofWhaling, in: David Freestone/Richard …”

Article 292. Prompt release of vessels and crews S. 1881-1893

„… infringements of its fisheries and environmental laws and regulations. Thedifficulties to be overcome concern …” „… ensuring compliance with its fisheries laws and regulations inits exclusive economic zone (EEZ). The …” „… indicates a violation of applicable laws and regulations or international rulesand standards for the …”

Article 248. Duty to provide information to the coastal State S. 1673-1679

„… . A. Soons, Regulation of Marine Scientific Research by the European Community and Its MemberStates …” „… the method of research conforms torelevant regulations for the protection and preservation of the …”

Article 19. Expenses of the Tribunal S. 2369-2370

„… ; see also the Financial Regulations and Rules of the International Tribunalfor the Law of the Sea …”

Article 37. Scope of this section S. 287-293

„… what21 Reg. 11 (9), Ch. V SOLAS 1974 states: ‘Nothing in this regulation or its associated guidelines …” „… ); Katharina Kummer, The International Regulation ofTransboundary Traffic in Hazardous Wastes: The 1989 Basel …”

Article 59. Basis for the resolution of conflicts regarding the attribution of rights and jurisdiction in the exclusive economic zone S. 458-464

„… that ‘marine scientific research shall be conducted in compliance with allrelevant regulations adopted …” „… , safetyand immigration laws and regulations.3. Due notice must be given of the construction of such …”

Article 158. Organs of the Authority S. 1115-1122

„… integrated in its hierarchical structure. As such, it is bound by policies,directives and regulations …” „… be pursued by the Authority and by provisionally adopting certainrules, regulations and procedures …”

Article 61. Conservation of the living resources S. 480-493

„… ofMPAs’ to ensure compatibility and effectiveness of MPAs, freedom of navigation and fisheries regulation …” „… regulations referred to in paragraph 4, give other Statesaccess to the surplus of the allowable catch, having …” „… coastal State. These laws and regulations shall be consistent with thisConvention and may relate, inter …”

Article 27. Conduct of case S. 2406-2412

„… such issues will besettled by the Tribunal itself, the regulation of the conduct of the proceedings in …” „… include its competence to make allarrangements connected with the taking of evidence.50 The regulation of …”

Article 95. Immunity of warships on the high seas S. 714-716

„… entitled to sovereign immunity whichacts in a manner contrary to the laws and regulations of States …”

Article 130. Measures to avoid or eliminate delays or other difficulties of a technical nature in traffic in transit S. 927-929

„… regulations.2 Sea-Bed Committee, Draft Articles Relating to Land-Locked States Submitted by Afghanistan et al …”

Article 10. Allocation of net income S. 2298-2300

„… for establishing the rules,regulations and procedures regarding the financial terms of the contracts …”

Article 39. Enforcement of decisions of the Chamber S. 2459-2461

„… those contracts; and therules, regulations and procedures of the International Seabed Authority adopted …”

Article 193. Sovereign right of States to exploit their natural resources S. 1287-1295

„… bynumerous exemptions and special regulations in the Convention itself, especially in Part Vand Part VI,43 …” „… preservation remains a binding obligation.56This may be the basis for regulations and measures of competent …”

Article 104. Retention or loss of the nationality of a pirate ship or aircraft S. 747-749

„… .), Routledge Handbook of Maritime Regulation and Enforcement (2016), 27–40; Myron H. Nordquist/SatyaN …”

Article 5. Procedure S. 2475-2477

„… localities to which the case relates.Documents: ICJ, Rules of Court (1978); ICSID, Convention, Regulations …”

Article 106. Liability for seizure without adequate grounds S. 753-755

„… , International and Comparative Regulation of Private Maritime SecurityCompanies employed in Counter-Piracy, in …”

Article 232. Liability of States arising from enforcement measures S. 1561-1563

„… the laws and regulations referred to in article 42, paragraph 1(a)and (b), causing or threatening …”

Article 57. Breadth of the exclusive economic zone S. 437-444

„… Warner, Protecting the Diversity of the Depths: EnvironmentalRegulation of Bioprospecting and Marine …” „… and duties of the coastalState and shall comply with the laws and regulations adopted by the coastal …”

Article 265. Interim measures S. 1761-1764

„… mer, JDI 1 (1977),43–65; Robin Warner/Stuart Kaye (eds.), Routledge Handbook of Maritime Regulation …”

Article 262. Identification markings and warning signals S. 1746-1749

„… alsoadopted regulations on warning signals. Other organisations that may adopt regulationsunder Art. 262 …”

Article 302. Disclosure of information S. 1947-1950

„… its territory or territorial sea of thelaws and regulations referred to in that article.3. Nothing in …”

Article 7. Director-General and staff of the Enterprise S. 2293-2296

„… approved by the Assembly, as well as the regulations adopted by the Board to give effectto those rules …” „… and regulationsreferred to in article 6, subparagraph (l), of this Annex. He shall participate …”

Article 36. High seas routes or routes through exclusive economic zones through straits used for international navigation S. 284-287

„… what21 Reg. 11 (9), Ch. V SOLAS 1974 states: ‘Nothing in this regulation or its associated guidelines …”

Article 191. Advisory opinions S. 1274-1277

„… Czybulka/PeterKersandt, Legal Regulations, Legal Instruments and Competent Authorities with Relevance for MPAs in theEEZ …”

Article 296. Finality and binding force of decisions S. 1903-1906

„… contravention of this Convention or of laws or regulations adoptedby the coastal State in conformity with this …”

Article 17. Nationality of members S. 2363-2366

„… be determined at meetings of the States Parties, onthe proposal of the Tribunal.7. Regulations …”

Article 46. Use of terms S. 334-352

„… articlesfor the regulation of archipelagos by the First Conference on the Law of the Sea in Geneva in1958 …” „… the Indonesian regulation concerning ‘Innocent Passage byForeign Water Vehicles within Indonesian …” „… Water’. This law subjected the right of innocentpassage to laws and regulations issued by the Indonesian …”

Article 9. Mouths of rivers S. 96-105

„… . 32).91 The port Statemay impose special regulations regarding privately owned pleasure or racing yachts …” „… regulations regarding research vessels, see Art. 255.93 Crawford (note 58), 264.94 Cf. Graf Vitzthum (note 25 …”

Article 55. Specific legal regime of the exclusive economic zone S. 408-418

„… , regulation and exploitation of both living andnon-living resources of the Zone and their preservation, and …” „… EEZare the object of regulation of Art. 58.825. ‘governed by the relevant provisions of this Convention …”

Article 127. Customs duties, taxes and other charges S. 916-920

„… Pakistan and Afghanistan (For Regulation of Traffic inTransit) (2 March 1965) states: ‘No Customs duties …”

Article 131. Equal treatment in maritime ports S. 929-933

„… regulations of thecoastal State concerned, as well as any relevant port law,36 when using their maritime …”

Article 312. Amendment S. 2019-2023

„… breaches of such a prohibition. As far as a treatybetween a party and a non-party is concerned, regulation …”

Article 97. Penal jurisdiction in matters of collision or any other incident of navigation S. 721-725

„… L 122/31; EU, Regulation No 656/2014 ofthe European Parliament and of the Council establishing rules …”

Article 138. General conduct of States in relation to the Area S. 964-968

„… – including the1994 Implementation Agreement15 and all rules, regulations and procedures adopted by …”

Article 141. Use of the Area exclusively for peaceful purposes S. 982-986

„… land-locked, without discrimination, in accordance with the provisions of this Convention,and regulations made …”

Article 195. Duty not to transfer damage or hazards or transform one type of pollution into another S. 1315-1319

„… /3d/PART XII.3d from 20.02.2017 18:27:343B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmsecond regulation …”

Article 96. Immunity of ships used only on government non-commercial service S. 716-721

„… laws and regulations of States bordering straits governingtransit passage through straits used for …”

Article 320. Authentic texts S. 2044-2049

„… . 102UN Charter, Art. 77 (1)(g) VCLT and specified in the UN’s ‘Regulations to Give Effect to16 Villiger …”

Article 110. Right of visit S. 767-772

„… continental shelfinstallations, of the laws and regulations of the coastal State applicable in accordance …”

Article 155. The Review Conference S. 1092-1097

„… to participate in the Authority as observers, in accordance with itsrules, regulations and procedures …”

Article 169. Consultation and cooperation with international and non-governmental organizations S. 1205-1210

„… Regulations and Rules of the International Seabed Authority (2011)Cases: ICJ, Competence of the General …” „… rules, regulationsand procedures of the Authority, as well as the general policies established by …”

Article 20. Access to the Tribunal S. 2370-2374

„… ; see also the Financial Regulations and Rules of the International Tribunalfor the Law of the Sea …”

Article 144. Transfer of technology S. 1002-1007

„… the Authority shall adoptappropriate rules, regulations and procedures for inter alia:(a) the …”

Article 30. Judgment S. 2425-2430

„… decisions might take the form of rules (Art. 16Annex VI), regulations (Art. 38 (4) ITLOS Rules), resolutions …”

Article 140. Benefit of mankind S. 976-982

„… wereenvisaged to be further implemented through specifying regulations.21 GA, Declaration on the Granting of …”

Article 242. Promotion of international cooperation S. 1630-1636

„… mentioned the participation of every State ‘onan equal footing in any system of research and regulation for …”

Article 2. Signature S. 2517-2522

„… regulations of the European Economic Community (EEC) would make it difficult todifferentiate between Members …”

Article 123. Cooperation of States bordering enclosed or semi-enclosed seas S. 886-893

„… example ofthe regulation of fisheries in the High Seas of the Bering Sea.7 Cf. Yücel Acer, A Proposal for …”

Article 5 S. 2087-2093

„… respectively. Rule 58 governs adoption of other regulations,guidelines and annexes to the Rules of Procedure …”

Article 1. Institution of proceedings S. 2491-2498

„… the 1946 International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (WhalingConvention), had in fact met …”

Article 13. Low-tide elevations S. 131-147

„… – 1982(4th edn. 2006); IHO, Regulations of the IHO for International Charts and Chart Specification of the …” „… , using LAT datum, it was aLTE, cf. Antunes (note 6), 20.55 IHO, Regulations of the IHO for International …”

Article 45. Innocent passage S. 327-334

„… the straits in question are or form part of territorial seas.(2) Regulation of navigation should …”

Article 136. Common heritage of mankind S. 949-957

„… accordance with this Part andthe rules, regulations and procedures of the Authority.3. No State or natural or …”

Article 5. Declarations, notifications and communications S. 2532-2540

„… resources. Hence in this field it is for theCommunity to adopt the relevant rules and regulations (which are …”

Article 121. Regime of islands S. 858-881

„… Ripe for International Regulation(Questionnaires Nos. 1 to 7), C.196.M.70.1927.V.1, 20 April 1927 …” „… International Regulation(Questionnaires Nos. 1 to 7), C.196.M.70.1927.V.1, 20 April 1927, 41–42. See also the …”

Article 16. Charts and lists of geographical coordinates S. 167-176

„… . Suppl. 9, 4–12; UN OLA, Laws and Regulations on the Regime ofthe Territorial Sea (1957)Cases …”

Article 266. Promotion of the development and transfer of marine technology S. 1764-1774

„… .), Routledge Handbook of Maritime Regulation and Enforcement (2016);Douglas Yarn, The Transfer of Technology …”

Article 9 S. 2104-2113

„… in accordance with Part XI of the Convention and therules, regulations and procedures of the …”

Article 290. Provisional measures S. 1866-1878

„… provisions of the EuropeanCommunity (EC) and Euratom Treaties and connected EC regulations, and that under …”

Article 10. Bays S. 105-119

„… rejected.8 River mouths have their own regulations in Art. 99 as seen,though inter-relating here arguably …”

Article 157. Nature and fundamental principles of the Authority S. 1107-1115

„… ) on the establishment of international rules, regulationsand procedures to prevent, reduce and control …”

doi.org/10.17104/9783406779374

Christoph Busch, Alberto Franceschi - Algorithmic Regulation and Personalized Law

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Christoph Busch (Hrsg.), Alberto Franceschi (Hrsg.)

Algorithmic Regulation and Personalized Law

Reihe: Beck International

Band 2022

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N. Algorithmic Regulation and (Im)Perfect Enforcement in the Personalized Economy (Busch) S. 279-292

„… Regulation and (Im)Perfect Enforcement in the Personalized Economy, 2019-11-26.3d from 30.10.2020 11:37:47 3B …” „… 2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm N. Algorithmic Regulation and (Im)Perfect Enforcement in …” „… a form of algorithmic regulation or governance-by-data. Considering that personalized law builds on …”

F. Logopoeia: Normative Typification and Granular Norm’s Informational Differentiation (Femia) S. 155-171

„… the chaos with Emilio Betti and Tullio Ascarelli Regulation is a reduction of complexity. The norm …” „… short, typification. Indeed, social life is not subject to legal regulation in its entirety, but only in …” „… to legal regulation in the complexity and concreteness of its infinite manifestations, but in the …”

I. De- or Re-typification through Big Data Analytics? The Case of Consumer Law (Micklitz) S. 203-220

„… https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/law-making-process/planning-and-proposing-law/better-regulationwhy-and-how/better-regulation-guidelines-and-toolbox_en. 58 https://www.oecd.org/regreform/policyconference/46528683.pdf. 59 …” „… better lawmaking, by adjusting regulation of consumer law to the ‘real problems’ of consumers and by …” „… Self-Regulation and National Private Law, Hart Publishing 2016. Micklitz 207 Reemers Publishing Services GmbH …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… Busch / De Franceschi Algorithmic Regulation and Personalized Law A Handbook Reemers Publishing …” „… ; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Busch/De Franceschi Algorithmic Regulation and Personalized Law Reemers …” „… Regulation and Personalized Law AHandbook edited by Christoph Busch Alberto De Franceschi 2021 Reemers …”

E. Granular Norms and the Concept of Law: A Critique (Auer) S. 137-154

„… Ronald Dworkin and his followers,1 the difference between both types of legal regulations ultimately …” „… ex ante, they cannot offer the same guidance and efficient regulation of behavior ex ante as detailed …” „… liberal paternalist regulation which, from the point of view of a classic liberal understanding of the …”

H. ‘Granular Legal Norms’ in the Financial Services Trade (Sirena) S. 185-202

„… 18–20, Commission delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/565 of 25 April 2016 supplementing Directive 2014/65/EU …” „… individual coexist with that of any other according to a universal regulation’. Such a universal regulation …” „… Regulation. A Handbook on New Methods of Law Making in Private Law, Edward Elgar 2017; Comparato/Micklitz …”

Introduction: Personalization and Granularity of Legal Norms in the Data Economy: A Transatlantic Debate (Busch/De Franceschi) S. 1-4

„… of liberal paternalist regulation. In this perspective, she sees personalized defaults mainly as a …” „… the rise of algorithmic regulation will not lead to the “death of rules and standards” as predicted by …” „… already existing personalized disclosures in EU financial services regulation. Looking beyond the …”

D. The Law between Generality and Particularity. Chances and Limits of Personalized Law (Grigoleit/Bender) S. 115-136

„… private actors (regulation of personalization).12 This exercise, however, does not necessarily require …” „… significant changes within the law. In other words: regulation of personalization is possible without …” „… personalization of regulation. With already existing legal tools, the law can react in two distinct ways to …”

M. “Smart Contract”, “Granular Norms” and Non-Discrimination(Zeno-Zencovich) S. 264-278

„… is well described in the standard definition of consumer in all EU directives and regulation …” „… reliability.23 This practice, provided it complies with data protection regulations, is perfectly 35 …” „… reply to the pervasive regulation (legislative, administrative, judicial) of contracts promoted by the …”

L. Personalized Law and the Behavioral Sciences (Hacker) S. 241-263

„… use of empirical 18 Art. 6 of the Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014 of the European Parliament and of the …” „… regulation, and such a situation, as decision making under uncertainty over the degree of rationality of …” „… PRIIP Regulation52 already make an attempt to simplify disclosures in this vein. A second (hyperlinked …”

G. “Granularization” and Cross-Subsidies: Liberal, Neoliberal and Socialist Perspectives (Denozza/Maugeri) S. 172-184

„… control of total consumption has been replaced by the meticulous regulation of the transactions of …” „… to the idea that detailed regulation of each situation17 could be the right path to increase …” „… certainty and calculability (in a Weberian sense). No attempt to anticipate clear regulation for every …”

C. The Death of Rules and Standards (Casey/Niblett) S. 98-114

„… follow. To see how the mechanism might work, consider the regulation of traffic speed. In a 8 world of …” „… analysis and requirements that regulations be shown to be cost justified29 are likely to accelerate agency …” „… regulations, and all relevant advisory opinions. The machine could immediately provide an answer to the …”

A. Personalizing Default Rules and Disclosure with Big Data (Porat/Strahilevitz) S. 5-53

J. Personalization of the Law and Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts (Patti) S. 221-235

„… the society considers as a balanced regulation of a contractual relationship.11 An additional …” „… expectations of the society and provide for a fair and just regulation of relationships between privates.14 Of …”

B. Personalizing Negligence Law (Ben-Shahar/Porat) S. 54-97

„… inconsistent. 66 See generally Ben‐Shahar/Logue, Outsourcing Regulation: How Insurance Reduces Moral Hazard …”

doi.org/10.17104/9783406779336

Christoph Althammer - Brussels IIa - Rome III

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Christoph Althammer (Hrsg.)

Brussels IIa - Rome III

Reihe: Beck International

Band 2020

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Chapter I. Scope, Relation with Regulation (EC) No 2201/2003, Definitions and Universal Application S. 313-324

„… 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm CHAPTER I SCOPE, RELATION WITH REGULATION (EC) NO 2201/2003 …” „… , DEFINITIONS AND UNIVERSAL APPLICATION Article 1 Scope 1. This Regulation shall apply, in situations involving …” „… a conflict of laws, to divorce and legal separation. 2. This Regulation shall not apply to the …”

Chapter VI. Transitional provisions S. 275-284

„… this Regulation shall apply only to legal proceedings instituted, to documents formally drawn up or …” „… application in accordance with Article 72. 2. Judgments given after the date of application of this Regulation …” „… in proceedings instituted before that date but after the date of entry into force of Regulation (EC …”

Introduction S. 1-12

„… provisions will be combined into a new Chapter III (Art. 21 subseq. Brussels IIbis Regulation-Proposal).77 …” „… 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 2201/2003 of 27 November 2003 …” „… matters of parental responsibility, repealing Regulation (EC) No 1347/2000 Official Journal L 338 …”

Chapter V. Relations with other instruments S. 259-274

„… Article, this Regulation shall, for the Member States, supersede conventions existing at the time of entry …” „… into force of this Regulation which have been concluded between two or more Member States and relate to …” „… matters governed by this Regulation. 2. (a) Finland and Sweden shall have the option of declaring that the …”

Introduction S. 297-312

„… 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm COUNCIL REGULATION (EU) No 1259/2010 of 20 December 2010 …” „… situation. (4) On 17 July 2006 the Commission proposed a Regulation amending Council Regulation (EC) No …” „… enhanced 1 OJ L 189, 22.7.2010, p. 12. 2 Council Regulation (EC) No 2201/2003 of 27 November 2003 …”

Chapter VII. Final provisions S. 285-296

„… Regulation on the basis of information supplied by the Member States. The report shall be accompanied if need …” „… Regulation to the named institutions on 1 January 2012 and regularly in five year intervals from then on. As …” „… Recital 29 points out, the reports serve as a sort of “inspection” into the application of the Regulation …”

Chapter II. Uniform Rules on the Law Applicable To Divorce and Legal Separation S. 325-382

„… III Regulation, FS Pintens, 2012, p. 135; Basedow, Das internationale Scheidungsrecht der EU …” „… Pobitzer, 2012, p. 147; Carruthers, Party Autonomy in the Legal Regulation of Adult Relationships: What …” „… Law Applicable to Divorce and Legal Separation Under Regulation (EU) No. 1259/2010 of 20 December 2010 …”

Chapter III. Other provisions S. 383-388

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 I. Purpose 1Article 17 Rome III Regulation contains duties for the participating Member States …” „… 21 S. 2 Rome III Regulation. III. Interpretation 4The first paragraph imposes the duty of information …” „… Article 7(2)-(4) Rome III Regulation and regarding the possibility of determining the law applicable …”

Chapter I. Scope and Definitions S. 13-30

„… 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm CHAPTER I SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS Article 1 Scope 1. This Regulation …” „… disposal of the child’s property. 3. This Regulation shall not apply to: (a) the establishment or …” „… of the Court of Justice of the European Union on the Brussels IIa Regulation From C to Health Service …”

Section 3. Common provisions S. 122-158

„… To the extent that the regulation does not contain any provisions in terms of procedural law and and …” „… further secondary EU law is not provided in any other regulations relating to matrimonial proceedings or …” „… to jurisdiction, the regulation in Articles 16–19 contains further procedural provisions that take …”

Section 5. Authentic instruments and agreements S. 232-235

„… ’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 8 Magnus, in Magnus/Mankowski, Brussels IIbis Regulation, Art. 45, mn. 21. 9 European Commission …” „… , Proposal for a Council Regulation on jurisdiction, the recognition and enforcement of decisions in …” „… Council Regulation on jurisdiction, the recognition and enforcement of decisions in matrimonial matters …”

Chapter IV. Cooperation between central authorities in matters of parental responsibility S. 247-258

„… authorities to assist with the application of this Regulation and shall specify the geographical or functional …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 I. Purpose 1With Chapter IV, the Regulation adopts the system of central authorities established …” „… improve the application of the Regulation by reinforcing the communication between the competent courts …”

Section 6. Other provisions S. 236-246

„… from 25.02.2019 07:42:48 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm earlier Brussels Regulations.1 …” „… However, the current Regulation’s predecessors did not contain an express provision stipulating this …” „… 1968 Brussels Convention and the Brussels II Regulation. III. Interpretation 1. Applicability of the …”

Section 1. Divorce, legal separation and marriage annulment S. 31-73

„… Regulation, “domicile” shall have the same meaning as it has under the legal systems of the United Kingdom …” „… Convention.1 Once established, they became Articles 2, 5 and 6 of Regulation 1347/2000 (Brussels II …” „… - Regulation), which were transformed into Articles 3 to 7 of today’s Regulation without material changes …”

Section 4. Enforceability of certain judgments concerning rights of access and of certain judgments which require the return of the child S. 208-231

„… 39. Indeed, even for Council Regulation (EC) No 2201/2003, the prohibition of review on the merits …” „… , Section 4 of the Regulation provides a specific legal framework for the recognition and enforceability of …” „… parental responsibility if he or she so chooses. 1 Magnus, in Magnus/Mankowski, Brussels IIbis Regulation …”

Section 2. Parental responsibility S. 74-121

„… for a recast of the Regulation (see Introduction mn. 16), see above Art. 6 mn. 14. Section 2 Parental …” „… . 4 1. Introduction 1 The regulation does not only govern international jurisdiction in matrimonial …” „… regulation is to be applied even if no matrimonial matter is pending in court. Example: International …”

Section 1. Recognition S. 159-185

„… automatic recognition, para. 1 3Para. 1 in conjunction with Art. 33(1) Brussels I Regulation/Art. 36(1 …” „… . Recognition 4Recognition means extension of effects10 according to Art. 33(1) Brussels I Regulation/Art. 36(1 …” „… restriction following from the jurisprudence of the ECJ on Art. 35 Brussels Ibis Regulation/Art. 31 Brussels I …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… regulations, which help the legal practitioners in the resolution of such cases. The so-called Brussels IIbis …” „… Regulation (Brussels IIa Regulation) contains provisions on international jurisdiction, as well as on the …” „… Regulation is rightly considered the most important Rule of Procedure in the field of international family …”

Section 2. Application for a declaration of enforceability S. 186-202

„… Regulation. Enforceable judgmentsArt. 28 186 Arnold Reemers Publishing Services GmbH O:/Beck/Althammer/3 …” „… within the scope of the European Enforcement Order Regulation, these judgments do not need an 1 Solomon …” „… Geimer/Schütze/Paraschas note 17. 4 Geimer/Schütze/Paraschas note 2; cf. Art. 38 et seq. Brussels I-Regulation: European …”

Chapter IV. Final Provisions S. 389-390

„… application 1This Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official …” „… 331(1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, this Regulation shall apply from the dare …” „… application of the Regulation.1 The Rome III Regulation is applicable and valid since 21 June 2012. Only …”

Section 3. Provisions common to Sections 1 and 2 S. 203-207

„… are already minimised in the regulation, must not be undermined by Article 38. 6 If the order of the …” „… Regulation (EC) No 44/2001.2 The court states the following: ‘[35] […] no provision of Regulation [(EC) No …” „… ) Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 thereof limit the prohibition on review of the substance only to the judgment of …”

Index S. 407-412

„… , Art., mn.; Intr = Introduction. B Brussels IIa-regulation – appeal to a court Bru 16 1 – application …” „… Child Abduction Bru 10 2 – relationship to the HCCH Bru 61 1 ff. – repeal of the Brussel II-regulation …” „… to a court of another Member State Bru 15 1 ff. – transitional proceedings from Brussel II-regulation …”

Appendix: Convention of 19 October 1996 – protection of children S. 391-406

„… or administrative authority under the provisions of Council Regulation (EC) No 2201/2003 (or the …” „… from Articles 8–13 of Council Regulation (EC) No 2201/2003, and the body issuing the measure of …” „… protection would at least have hypothetical jurisdiction (the primacy of Council Regulation (EC) No 2201/2003 …”

doi.org/10.17104/9783406759055

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