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Rolf J. Daxhammer, Mate Facsar, Zsolt Alexander Papp - Behavioral Finance

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Rolf J. Daxhammer, Mate Facsar, Zsolt Alexander Papp

Behavioral Finance

2023

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Dedication S. 7-14

„… Theory shaped rational economic behavior ..... 21 1.1 From Traditional Finance to Emotional Finance …” „… .......................................................................................... 178 Table of Content Table of Content 11 6.2 Basis of decision-making from the perspective of …” „… ......................................................................................................... 237 9 Limited rationality during decision-making ...................................... 239 9 …”

Literature S. 373-400

„… ) The 2001 Recession - Y2K Scare, 9/11 Attack, and Beyond. The Balance. https://www.thebalance.com/2001 …” „… journal of cybernetics, systems and man-agement sciences. Vol. 49 No. 11, pp. 2651–2682. https://doi.org …” „… value of common stocks. Journal of Financial Economics Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 3–18. https://doi.org …”

Section I − The Homo Economicus in the center of Traditional Finance S. 21-80

„… framework of →Neoclassical Economics. 1.1 From Traditional Finance to Emotional Finance The development of …” „… . One tried to combine the economic benefits 1.1 From Traditional Finance to Emotional Finance 23 of …” „… apparent. In his work “General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money", John M. Keynes9 argued that the …”

Section II Recurring speculative bubbles - triggered by the Homo Economicus Humanus S. 81-170

„… bursts or sudden price losses occur. In such moments, as was the case on 9/11, 2001 and in the days …” „… economic downturn or overheating. After 9/11 2001 and the real estate crisis in 2008, key interest rates …” „… prospects) (see Blechschmidt, 2007, pp. 11). The real strength of Behavioral Finance is shown, among other …”

Section III – The Homo Economicus Humanus within the information and decision-making process S. 171-266

„… may also lead to systematic distortions, which are discussed in detail in chapters 7 to 9. The …” „… chapter 7.1.2). Possible regrets should also be reduced by selective decision-making (see chapter 9 …” „… heuristics listed in chapters 7-9 are included (see Laux/Gillenkirch/Schenk-Mathes, 2012, p. 163): 78 …”

Section IV – Applications of Behavioral Finance and Recent Developments S. 267-360

„… third section (chapters 7-9) described the risk/return-damaging effects of heu-ristics to which the Homo …” „… regaining lost trust as it can endanger the long-term relationship with the investor.11 Application of …” „… Premium Puzzle. 11.1 Overconfidence in entrepreneurial investment decisions Chapter 8 examined in detail …”

doi.org/10.24053/9783739881195-0

Carsten Burhop, Michael Kißener, Hermann Schäfer, Joachim Scholtyseck - Merck

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Carsten Burhop, Michael Kißener, Hermann Schäfer, Joachim Scholtyseck

Merck

2018

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Notes S. 503-646

„… 507 43 Löw, Heinrich Emanuel Merck, pp. 9–11, 218, on the basis of the Merck family archive and …” „… . 9–11; see also Müller, Darmstadts Vergangenheit, pp. 116, 132. Besides the biography by Ulrike …” „… , Letters Nos. 211.9–11, 7th Delivery, pp. 180 f. 63 Hermann Trommsdorff to J. B. Trommsdorff of 5 August …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-8

„… Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 1.1 Origin of the family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 …” „… INDUSTRIALIZATION (1827–1914) 1. 1827–1850s: From Pharmacy to Factory . . . . . . . . . . . 101 1.1 An …”

3. A Company History of the Present S. 473-483

„… crises, like the dot-com crash in the early 2000s, the ongoing “war on terror” since the 9 /11 attacks …” „… Merck,” according to Frank Stangenberg-Haverkamp.4 Kley was born in Munich on 11 July 1951 and came …” „… through company ranks.9 Kley planned to transform Merck by implementing a targeted and vigorous …”

1. Reconstruction during the Wirtschaftswunder S. 351-406

„… Andreas Jüngling 1. Reconstruction during the Wirtschaftswunder 1.1. In the land of the …” „… Recovery Program.9 Th e impetus for this program derived from the fact that the European economy had suff …” „… productivity were now growing at the same rate.11 Th is refl ected the fact that, beginning in 1960, the …”

Bibliography S. 659-694

„… Bemerkungen, in: Jahrbuch für Wirtschaftsgeschichte 53 /2 (2012), pp. 9–24. Idem, Handlung, Firma …” „… Wirtschaftselite im 20. Jahrhundert. Kontinuität und Mentalität, Essen 2003, pp. 11–29. Berghoff , Hartmut …” „… . Translated from Swedish by Friedrich Wöhler, 11th vol., Tuebingen 1832, pp. 233–235. Best, Heinrich / Weege …”

2. 1850s to the 1880s/90s: Partnership, Gradual Expansion, First Problems S. 124-148

„… worth a lot.9 On top of the quantifi able values were almost unquantifi able factors, such as expertise …” „… manufacture,” as he wrote to Georg, advising him to be careful. He dealt with him “fi rmly and brusquely.”11 …” „… Switzerland (11 each), Russia (7), the Ottoman Empire (3), England and Italy (both 2), and Belgium, Mexico …”

1. Beginnings S. 29-59

„… rst steps towards the successful establishment of a major pharmaceutical corporation. 1.1 Origin of …” „… (1586–1612), the daughter of a certain Johann Ruprecht, doctor of law.9 When his second wife also died a few …” „… mayors.11 Th us, at the end of his life, Johann Merck was fully integrated into the bourgeois society …”

1. 1914–1923: The Family-Owned Company in Times of Crisis S. 217-252

„… Crisis 1914–1923 1.1. General development In 1914, the Lord Mayor of Darmstadt, Wilhelm Glässing, painted …” „… marks in the year 1915.9 When the Darmstädter Bank demanded that the account be settled, George Merck …” „… 1916 ordered the mobilization of all workers. Sometimes, 12- and 13-year-old pupils were drafted,11 as …”

2. The Langmann Era S. 407-472

„… annual real growth rate, 4.4 percent during the 1960s, declined to 2.9 percent in the 1970s. By the 1980s …” „… subsequent decision to maintain high interest rates.9 High wage demands and imported infl ation – a side eff …” „… , normally around 3 to 4 percent.11 Th ese high interest rates and their instability were also unprecedented …”

3. 1933–1948: Research Stagnation and Armaments Deals S. 293-350

„… economic control” and were even allowed to review operational procedures concerning business matters.9 In …” „… Hauptgruppe [Main Group] V after giving up the leadership function of the entire business group.11 Th e NSDAP …” „… for 4.9 percent of the total sales volume. Th e sleep aids and sedatives Phanodorm and Luminal, as …”

Index of persons S. 703-711

„… Merck, Elisabeth Catherina (née Münch) 50, 57 Merck, Emanuel (1794–1855) 9, 11, 16–18, 24, 28, 73–75 …”

1. 1827–1850s: From Pharmacy to Factory S. 99-123

„… Tania Rusca, Nina Schnutz, and Wolfgang Treue 1. 1827–1850s: From Pharmacy to Factory 1.1. An …” „… alkaloids, Merck started out with a considerably larger product range than other manufacturers.9 Scientifi …” „… opium for several years […] partly for personal use and partly to sell on to pharmacists.”11 Given that …”

3. 1880s/90s–1914: Conflicts, Modernization, Paternalism, Expansion S. 149-216

„… branches Carl, Georg, Wilhelm together 9.81 9.8 10.8 11.3 12.5 14.0 14.2 16.1 16.1 18.3 Silent partners …” „… (1877–1880), rounding it off with three years in Seville and Figure 37 Five of seven grandsons of the 9th …” „… military service, then studied at Fresenius University and followed Willy to Kiel,9 where they both wrote …”

Introduction S. 9-27

„… threat to its existence,”9 and thus cheats fate. Th e course of Merck was determined by many infl …” „… organizations manage not to go under, fl ows through the entire history of Merck history.11 Th is study is the …” „… the family’s conception of itself. But Introduction 11 since the end of the 19th century, managers …”

3. 1805–1827: Emergence into the Modern Age: Emanuel Merck and the Transitional Period of the Merck Pharmacy S. 83-98

„… Bartholomäus Trommsdorff in Erfurt.9 Trommsdorff , born in 1770, is still considered the “father of …” „… training of pharmacists at that time.11 Yet even for Emanuel, the start was diffi cult here: He recounted …”

2. 1758–1805: Pharmaceuticals and Money Lending: The Pillars of the Merck Business during the Age of Enlightenment S. 60-82

„… successor.9 But, in fact, the landgrave gave him the job of writing a polemical pamphlet against Moser, a …” „… was forced to abandon his junk and close his boutique.11 Merck even reported indignantly to Duke …”

2. 1924–1935: Economic Consolidation S. 253-292

„… been “posted” into the company by the Darmstädter Bank.9 “Parlor General” Pfotenhauer, another critic …” „… were especially problematic.11 In order to close the liquidity gap and to fi nance exports, Georg …” „… reichsmarks, foreign business accounted for 16.9 million reichsmarks. Almost half of Merck’s entire …”

doi.org/10.17104/9783406700408

Klaus Lackhoff - Banking Supervision and COVID-19

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Klaus Lackhoff (Hrsg.)

Banking Supervision and COVID-19

Reihe: Beck International

Band 2021

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Index S. 281-284

„… Administrative principles F 3, F 11, F 26, F 52 Administrative procedure F 3, F 5, F 8, F 9, F 10, F 13, F 26, F …” „… , N 50, N 115 IFRS 9 A 4, A 6-11, A 30-32, A 47, B 33 et seq Impairment N 37, N 52 Interest rates N 60 …” „… clientele G 9 Prudential backstop A 12, A 34 Prudential reporting G 10, G 11 Public disclosure G 10 Public …”

II. Impairment under IFRS 9 S. 59-61

„… , financial guarantee contracts within the scope of IFRS 9 but that are not measured at FVOCI. 11Dependant on …” „… upon initial recognition”11. 14 Indeed, the guidance to IFRS 9 states12: “The significance of a change …” „… later in this chapter. 15 IFRS 9 5.5.9, 5.5.11 and B5.5.15. 16 IFRS 9 B5.5.17 and B5.5.51. 17 IFRS 9 B …”

III. OMT and PSPP as background S. 256-259

„… over time, across asset classes and among jurisdictions.9 Moreover, the ECB decided that to the extent …” „… limit), which does not apply under the PEPP.11 6 The PEPP is a temporary measure and is envisaged to …” „… States and purchased under the OMT programme. The technical features of the OMT programme 9 Article 5 …”

II. Description of the pre-existing (Capital Requirements Regulation) CRR regime and the Commission proposal for quick fixes S. 7-15

„… Standard 9 (OJ L 323, 29.11.2016, p. 1). 20 Regulation (EU) 2017/2395. A. The reaction of the EU legislator …” „… (i) the amendments to the transitional arrangements for the phasing in of IFRS 9 accounting of …” „… the EU (available at: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/ en/ip_20_740). 9 Regulation …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… , Wilhelmstraße 9, 80801 München, Germany email: bestellung@beck.de Co-published by Hart Publishing, Kemp House …” „… , Chawley Park, Cumnor Hill, Oxford, OX2 9PH, United Kingdom online at: www.hartpub.co.uk and Nomos …” „… Verlag C.H.Beck oHG Wilhelmstr. 9, 80801 München Printed in Germany by Beltz Grafische Betriebe GmbH Am …”

I. Background S. 97-100

„… / chomage-partiel-muriel-penicaud-a-t-elle-raison-de-dire-que-six-salaries-du-prive-sur-dix-sont-payespar-letat_3970221.html). 11 Which under French law is a category of credit institution, see Article L. 511-9 …” „… keyword COVID-192 returned 1 024 results, among which 11 laws, 66 ordinances, 228 decrees or 515 orders …” „… adoption of these Ordinances. Indeed, article 11, II of the law above mentioned provides that Draft …”

I. Overview S. 148-149

„… the interested parties11. 9Banco de España decided to not to apply the suspension of administrative …” „… excluded from the scope of the suspension of administrative deadlines9. 8In addition, public sector bodies …” „… interest or for the basic operation of services12. 11With regards to the duration of the suspension of …”

II. Legal nature of the announcements made by BaFin and Bundesbank S. 115-118

„… database, prominently placed on the front page of its website;9 only some of the measures had to be, and …” „… , 29.10.2013, 63). 6 Article 9(1), subparas. 1 and 2, and Article 4(3), subpara. 1, SSMR. 7 Article 6(6) SSMR …” „… , ECLI:EU:C:2019:372. 9 An English version is available at …”

II. COVID-19 driven legislative measures implemented relevant for banks S. 149-162

„… , without the consent of the interested parties11. 9Banco de España decided to not to apply the suspension …” „… returns and self-declarations, were excluded from the scope of the suspension of administrative deadlines9 …” „… essential to protect the public interest or for the basic operation of services12. 11With regards to the …”

I. Introduction S. 269-272

„… . 267(1) TFEU. As far as the CJEU had held in the Judgement of 11 December 20188 that the PSPP-decision …” „… did not breach the principle of proportionality,9 the Bundesverfassungsgericht found that the CJEU …” „… Bank (“Bundesbank”).11 Following a transitional period of no more than three months allowing for the …”

V. Fungibility of resources and fragmentation of the playing field S. 172-175

„… revision of CRD4 being the so-called “P2R11 re-composition”. 33 Pursuant to Art. 104a para 4 of Directive …” „… SSM Regulation. 11 Pillar 2 Requirements. 12 https://www.bankingsupervision.europa.eu/press/pr/date …” „… authorities moved in line with the EU authorities. In particular, on 11 March, the Bank of England announced …”

IV. Macroeconomic forecasts S. 67-74

„… .pdf, p. 11. 55 IFRS 9 B5.5.52: “Historical information is an important anchor or base from which to …” „… provide guidance on, amongst others, the ECL requirements of IFRS 9. Its second letter, dated 4 June 2020 …” „… to the respective paragraphs of IFRS 9. After all, IFRS 9 already provides concrete solutions by …”

III. Supervisory and regulatory reliefs in reaction to corona crisis for LSIs S. 181-189

„… requirements for institutions, EBA/CP/2020/11, 9 June 2020 …” „… business often only on a local basis.11 The relevance of the sector of LSIs in euro area countries varies …” „… (ECB), 8 May 2019. 11 For details see ECB, Risk report on less significant institutions, Januar 2020 …”

I. The content of the Dividend Recommendation S. 40-43

„… addressed to significant supervised entities and significant supervised groups9 as defined in the SSM …” „… mixed financial holding company established in a participating Member State11, and (d) a branch …” „… significant supervised groups are asked to directly 8 See Section I (1) and (2) of the Recommendation. 9 See …”

IV. Conclusion S. 279-281

„… 3, R 9, R 10, R 18, R 32, R 33, R 35, R 40, R 44, R 45 Buffers A 25, A 29, B 2, B 8, B 11 et seq, B …” „… Administrative circulars Administrative principles F 3, F 11, F 26, F 52 Administrative procedure F 3, F 5, F 8 …” „… , F 9, F 10, F 13, F 26, F 31, F 33, F 34, F 35, F 37, F 42, F 51, F 56, F 58 Administrative procedure …”

II. The PEPP as temporary crisis intervention S. 255-256

„… fluctuations in the distribution of purchase flows over time, across asset classes and among jurisdictions.9 …” „… State’s overall outstanding debt (issuer limit), which does not apply under the PEPP.11 6 The PEPP is a …” „… area Member States and purchased under the OMT programme. The technical features of the OMT programme 9 …”

II. Italy’s legislative provisions on banking supervision in response to the Corona crisis S. 131-135

„… competent authority. 9Nonetheless, the legislator adopted a general emergency provision in March of 2020 …” „… institutions, financial institutions and insurance undertakings. 11Then, in May, the legislator adopted a new …” „… 2020,8 combined with Article 37 of Law Decree No 23 of 8 April 2020,9 all terms and deadlines (including …”

I. Introduction S. 23-25

„… concerning the application of the International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS 9)7. The release of the …” „… situation. And on 27 March 2020, the ECB published a recommendation9 not to pay dividends for 2019 and 2020 …” „… the economic shock caused by the corona crisis.11 The underlying rationale is that credit institutions …”

II. The broader context at a glimpse S. 2-3

„… tourism9, gastronomy10), are struggling to survive. This raised debates about fundamental questions …” „… economic and social consequences.11 From an economic angle, the crisis also revealed the vulnerabilities of …” „… virtually all areas of production16 which may change established economic structures. The 9 …”

II. Sources of administrative law establishing time-limits for ECB supervisory procedures S. 83-89

„… laws apply. 9 Finally, a differentiation may be made between, on the one hand, time-limits applicable …” „… case law of the EU courts. 11 In this regard, in the exercise of its supervisory tasks, the ECB is …” „… equivalence and effectiveness)9, or the national procedural rules merely transpose what is already …”

III. Compatibility of public investment with State aid rules and conditionality S. 221-226

„… provide public funding to banks. 9(2) Support granted at European level? In theory, support measures may …” „… foremost affected the real economy. 11b) Eligibility of instruments of funding as own funds. In order to …” „… the United Kingdom guaranteed loans by mortgage lender Northern Rock9. Bradford and Bingley, a UK …”

III. Supervisory measures adopted by the Bank of Italy to confront the pandemic S. 135-145

„… Regulation in accordance with the EBA’s Guidelines on internal governance of 21 March 2018 (EBA/GL/ 2017/11 …” „… Provision of the Bank of Italy of 11 October 2018, issued in accordance to Article 2 (4-bis) of Legislative …” „… Decree No 11 of 27 January 2010, published in the Gazzetta Ufficiale No 252 of 29 October 2018. 38 EBA …”

I. Introduction S. 236-238

„… obliged to undertake that action.9 6Finally, the ECB, in its interactions with banking associations and in …” „… Covid-19, 31 March 2020. 9 ESRB, Recommendation of the European Systemic Risk Board of 27 May 2020 on …” „… coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. P. Remuneration Glasow/Schaer 237 Directive11 (CRD). In our analysis, we will …”

I. The Corona Crisis S. 1-2

„… - 2020-7?r=DE&IR=T. Lackhoff 1 tourism9, gastronomy10), are struggling to survive. This raised debates …” „… accepted in order to avoid severe economic and social consequences.11 From an economic angle, the crisis …” „… established economic structures. The 9 …”

II. Oversight of LSIs in general S. 180-181

„… significant ones.9 However, the ECB conducts only the direct supervision for SIs in the euro area, whereas the …” „… :// www.bankingsupervision.europa.eu/banking/lsi/html/index.en.html, Date of download: 22 June 2020. 9 Deutsche Bundesbank, The supervision of less significant …” „… lending business and they carry on their business often only on a local basis.11 The relevance of the …”

II. Regulatory challenges for banks during the crisis S. 196-203

„… IFRS 9 Financial Instruments, particularly in the area of risk provisions for loans and loan …” „… already lead to significantly increased IFRS 9 provision levels in Q1 and Q2. This is driven by a …” „… implementation of measures.9 9 European Central Bank (ECB), Press Release, ECB Banking Supervision provides …”

I. Introduction S. 57-59

„… contracts within the scope of IFRS 9 but that are not measured at FVOCI. 11Dependant on whether the …” „… D. IFRS 9 and the COVID-19 Pandemic* I. Introduction 1. A summary of critical issues related to IAS …” „… International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) issuing a new standard on financial instruments: IFRS 9. This …”

II. Relations with the ACPR S. 100-104

„… most active French banks22. Indeed the ECB directly supervises the 11 largest groups, with around 220 …” „… the risks may increase. 9Lastly, with regards to the protection of clientele, which is a task …” „… companies allegedly benefiting from the crisis, etc. 31 Article 11, I, 2°), a). 32 Ordonnance n° 2020-306 …”

I. Introduction S. 130-131

„… complete lockdown started on 10 March 2020, by means of the Prime Ministerial Decree of 9 March 2020 and …” „… competent authority. 9Nonetheless, the legislator adopted a general emergency provision in March of 2020 …” „… institutions, financial institutions and insurance undertakings. 11Then, in May, the legislator adopted a new …”

II. General principles S. 238-242

„… Directive11 (CRD). In our analysis, we will focus on rules as implemented in Germany, in particular …” „… remuneration: Pay for risk-adjusted performance 9 The remuneration structure and the bonus culture in the …” „… the long-term interests of the institutions. The 11 Directive 2013/36/EU of the European Parliament …”

IV. Legislative measures S. 189-190

„… regard to regulatory technical standards for Own Funds requirements for institutions, EBA/CP/2020/11, 9 …” „… contributions to be transferred to the SRF amounts to EUR 9.2 billion.56 A postponement of this ex-ante …” „… phasing in of IFRS 9 to softening the impact of fair value accounting in times of high market volatility …”

II. Analysis of the supervisory measures taken by the ECB S. 25-34

„… temporarily below the level of capital defined in the P2G and the CCB. 9The rationale underlying this measure …” „… Article 16 of the SSM Regulation are not affected by the above announcement and remain in force. 11 The …” „… Bank of Belgium of 11 March 2020 to release the CCyB, available at www.nbb.be. 31 See Recital 80 of the …”

II. Effectiveness of COVID-19-related measures S. 168-170

„… requirements 9 This list of measures illustrates the variety of different actions that ECB can apply in …” „… ) and Art 9 para 1 SSM-Regulation (regarding the extension of timelines) respectively on Art. 16 …” „… SSM-Regulation regarding the SREP 2020 procedure. 11In the information letters and press releases no dedicated …”

III. Collective assessment S. 61-67

„… 5.5.4 of IFRS 920. Paragraph B5.5.19 of IFRS 9 illustrates this point as well by adding the following …” „… : “The [30 days past due] rebuttable presumption in paragraph 5.5.11 is not an absolute indicator that …” „… ECL on a financial instrument, abiding to the requirements spelled out in the standard. IFRS 9 allows …”

III. National laws on suspending time-limits in supervisory procedures S. 89-94

„… COVID-19 Accompanying Law, which has later been amended by the 4th COVID-19 Federal Law38. Sec 1(1) of …” „… the Administrative COVID-19 Accompanying Law provides in Sec 1(1) for the suspension of time-limits in …” „… specific (“subsidiär anwendbar”). As regards those general procedure laws, Sec 1(1) of the Administrative …”

III. Overview of the individual changes pronounced for supervision S. 118-128

„… described above. 11 This administrative rather than legislative nature of MaRisk puts its application at …” „… Remuneration Regulation (Institutsvergütungsverordnung). 44 See footnote 26 and accompanying text. 45 BTO 1.1 …” „… of financial instruments under IFRS 9 in the wake of the market turmoil caused by the pandemic and …”

I. Economic Background S. 193-196

„… Boersch/Erb/Lellmann/Woyand 193 will result in a loss of around 11 percent of working hours compared to the previous year …” „… -19 on the economy 9 The corona crisis will have significant consequences for economic policy. The …” „… percent in Spain and 48 percent in Germany.6 11a) Recession and recovery. These huge economic policy …”

III. Measures addressing internal models for specific risk types S. 77-80

„… rather than model weaknesses.9 23 The Canadian Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions …” „… multiplier. 8 See BCBS Consolidated Framework, MAR 99.65 to 99.69. 9 https://www.federalreserve.gov/covid-19 …” „… purpose, competent authorities should be given further flexibility which would allow 11 …”

II. Addressing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the solvency of banks S. 220-221

„… . 9(2) Support granted at European level? In theory, support measures may also be adopted at European …” „… . 11b) Eligibility of instruments of funding as own funds. In order to address any expected shortfall …”

II. Operational relief measures regarding internal models S. 75-77

„… investigations, while ensuring the overall prudential soundness of the supervised banks.”3 9More details on the …” „… through the current models. 2. Postponement of issuance of new internal model related decisions 11 The …”

IV. Implications for variable remuneration for performance in 2020 S. 243-250

„… 2012–10 AZR 385/11, NZA 2013, 148; see also Salomon, NZA 2015, 1089; Riesenhuber/v. Steinau-Steinrück, NZA …” „… , are appropriately documented (see Sec. 11(2) IVV). 44a) Determination of the bonus pool: regulatory …” „… -19, Bankenaufsicht, Governance, 9 April 2020. 39 BaFin, Covid-19 FAQ, Aufsichtsrechtliche und …”

II. Purposes pursued by the dividend recommendation S. 43-48

„… Journal of Accounting, Economics, and Law: A Convivium, 2020, p. 9. Part 2. The European Perspective …” „… and signalling to information-sensitive depositors. Journal of Banking & Finance, 56, 2015, pp. 1–11 …” „… Studies, 42, 2011, p. 236. 57 Biondi, Graeff, cit., p. 11, and literature referred there. 58 Ashraf …”

III. Upcoming challenges for the European banking industry in the long-run S. 203-216

„… significantly increased credit provisions with the introduction of IFRS 9 in 2018. However, it …” „… IFRS 9 figures on the one hand and risk weighted assets on the other hand. 52As outlined in the …” „… previous section, both ECB and EBA published recommendations on IFRS 9 very shortly after the crisis became …”

III. Preliminary assessment of the supervisory measures taken by the ECB S. 34-38

„… Regulation. 93 Commission Interpretative Communication of 28 April 2020 (COM(2020) 169 final), p. 2, 4 and 11 …” „… of the BCBS. Similarly, in its letter of 1 April 2020 concerning the application of IFRS 9, the ECB …”

doi.org/10.17104/9783406779282

Andreas J. Roquette, Tom Christopher Pröstler - International Construction Disputes

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Andreas J. Roquette (Hrsg.), Tom Christopher Pröstler (Hrsg.)

International Construction Disputes

Reihe: Beck International

Band 2022

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Index S. 365-372

„… 9, 10– FIDIC arbitration clause 3A 30– Form 3A 11, 12– Governing law 3A 24–26, 36, 37– Scope 3A …” „… 6B 21NEC– NEC4, NEC3 1 2, 9, 11, 14, 18, 20, 29–33,35, 37–38, 40, 66–68, 76–80, 83Negotiation 2A 2 …” „… 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmIndexAAcceleration 5B 72–76ACE 1 43Acknowledgements– Admissions 5A …”

Chapter 1: Early Claims Resolution S. 1-35

„… (Sub-Clause11.9)– Determines achievementof Completion– Assesses Defects and theirvalue (Clauses 40–45 …” „… 16:58:063B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmCHAPTER 1EARLY CLAIMS RESOLUTIONContentmn.I. Introduction …” „… ................................................................................................ ..... 11. The need for claims resolution procedures: thecomplexity of projects …”

Chapter 4: Litigation S. 147-205

„… 17:00:523B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmCHAPTER 4LITIGATIONA. Litigation (National)Contentmn.I …” „… ) Principle of production of evidence ................................................. 11d) Duty of …” „… 17:00:523B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm3. The work of the TCC …”

Chapter 5: Evidence in Construction Disputes S. 205-339

„… , Evidence in Civil Law – France, 2015, p. 11.9 Cf. Nagel/Norton, Evidence Law.10 Ibid.Chapter 5. Evidence in …” „… 17:02:583B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmCHAPTER 5EVIDENCE IN CONSTRUCTION DISPUTESA. General …” „… 03.08.2022 17:02:583B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmBibliography: Abdel Wahab, Ascertaining the …”

Chapter 3: Arbitration S. 81-147

„… Arbitration, 1999, p. 31.11 Cf. infra, mn. 9.12 Born, International Commercial Arbitration, p. 251.13 Blackaby …” „… 16:59:493B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmCHAPTER 3ARBITRATIONA. Arbitration (Commercial)Contentmn.I …” „… ................................................................................................ ..... 11. Arbitration as a means of final and binding dispute resolution..... 12. Principle of party …”

Chapter 6: The Future of Construction Disputes S. 339-365

„… resolution1 44–47Arbitration agreement– Definition 3A 9, 10– FIDIC arbitration clause 3A 30– Form 3A 11, 12 …” „… 17:03:593B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmCHAPTER 6THE FUTURE OF CONSTRUCTION DISPUTESA. The …” „… applications to the construction industry, 1(1) Romanian Construction Law Review 35(2016); CMS, CMS Expert …”

Chapter 2: Alternative Dispute Resolution S. 35-81

„… 16:58:473B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmCHAPTER 2ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTIONA …” „… . OverviewContentmn.I. Choosing the right dispute resolution mechanism ................................. 11. Negotiation …” „… Publishing Services GmbHo:/Beck/978-3-406-76970-2/3d/02-chapter_B.3d from 03.08.2022 16:58:473B2 9 …”

doi.org/10.17104/9783406792779

Christiane Hoffmann - Alles, was wir nicht erinnern

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Christiane Hoffmann

Alles, was wir nicht erinnern

2022

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4 S. 214-268

„… Nacht zum 9. Mai retten Manfred und ein Freund sich in amerikanische Gefangenschaft. Er ist jetzt …” „… 11. April von der US-Armee befreit worden war. Bis dahin war Mittelbau Dora ein Arbeitslager, die …” „… lebt. Am 9. Oktober schickt Freund Max Melz, mit dem Gotthard in Dresden im Lazarett gelegen hat, ein …”

1 S. 7-65

„… ein Bild gemacht von jenem 22. Januar 1945. Es war ein Montag. 9 Ich weiß jetzt mehr als Du, weiß, …” „… fragen, auch jetzt, da das nicht mehr möglich ist. 11 Ich musste Schutzkleidung anziehen, wenn ich zu Dir …” „… . Ziebolz geb. d. 4. Aug. 1859 gest. d. 9. Okt. 1921 Die Liebe höret nimmer auf. Auch auf den polnischen …”

doi.org/10.17104/9783406784958

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