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Albrecht Weber - European Constitutions Compared

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Albrecht Weber

European Constitutions Compared

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Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

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Part VII. Fundamental Constitutional Principles S. 43-64

„… _Part_VII.3d from 11.02.2019 07:42:273B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmII. Principle of Democracy1 …” „… Services GmbHO:/Beck/Weber_978-3-406-72923-2/3d/11_Part_VII.3d from 11.02.2019 07:42:273B2 9.1.580; Page …” „… Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/Weber_978-3-406-72923-2/3d/11_Part_VII.3d from 11.02.2019 07:42:273B2 9 …”

Part X. Head of State S. 127-144

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Part XIV. Europeanisation and Internationalisation of the Constitution S. 195-208

„… 11.02.2019 07:44:343B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmstates, and cooperation to strengthen peace, to …” „… GmbHO:/Beck/Weber_978-3-406-72923-2/3d/18_Part_XIV.3d from 11.02.2019 07:44:343B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm …” „… GmbHO:/Beck/Weber_978-3-406-72923-2/3d/18_Part_XIV.3d from 11.02.2019 07:44:343B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm …”

Part I. Terminology S. 1-6

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Index S. 209-222

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Part XIII. Territorial Division of Powers S. 177-194

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Part XII. The Judicial Power S. 163-176

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Part IX. Parliament S. 73-126

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Part II. Notion and Functions of Constitution S. 7-14

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Part VI. Directive Principles S. 35-42

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Part XI. Government and Administration S. 145-162

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Part III. Sources of Constitutional Law S. 15-22

„… _978-3-406-72923-2/3d/07_Part_III.3d from 11.02.2019 07:41:393B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmbinding and …” „… _978-3-406-72923-2/3d/07_Part_III.3d from 11.02.2019 07:41:393B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm50This prologue …” „… _978-3-406-72923-2/3d/07_Part_III.3d from 11.02.2019 07:41:393B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm4. International …”

Part VIII. Division of Powers – Division of Functions S. 65-72

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Part IV. Constituent and Amending Power S. 23-28

„… _Part_IV.3d from 11.02.2019 07:41:483B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmcomparative constitutional …” „… Services GmbHO:/Beck/Weber_978-3-406-72923-2/3d/08_Part_IV.3d from 11.02.2019 07:41:483B2 9.1.580; Page …” „… 11.02.2019 07:41:493B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm– parliamentary proposal and confirmation by …”

Part V. Protecting the Constitution S. 29-34

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doi.org/10.17104/9783406795336

Gerhard Dannemann, Reiner Schulze, Jonathon Watson - German Civil Code Volume I

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Gerhard Dannemann (Hrsg.), Reiner Schulze (Hrsg.), Jonathon Watson (Hrsg.)

German Civil Code Volume I

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Title 8. Service contract and similar contracts (§§ 611–630h) S. 1064-1162

„… – 9 AZR 89/93, NZA 1995, 178, 179; BAG 21.1.1998 – 5 AZR 50/97, NZA 1998, 594. 31 BAG 21.11.2001 – 5 …” „… 6.11.1979, p. 10. 8 BAG 22.9.2005 – 6 AZR 607/04, NJW 2006, 1612 (mn. 25). 9 BAG 21.9.2011 – 5 AZR 520/10 …” „… ). 14 BAG 21.9.2011 – 7 AZR 150/10, NZA 2012, 317 (mn. 33). 15 BAG 11.8.1992 – 1 AZR 103/92, NJW 1993 …”

Title 1. Easements (§§ 1018–1029) S. 1891-1916

„… (§ 11 ErbbauRG), mining rights (Bergwerkseigentum; § 9(1) BBergG), and if the exercise of easements is …” „… 15.11.2013 – V ZR 24/1 mn. 9, NJW 2014, 311. 11 MüKo BGB/Mohr, § 1018 mn. 29. 12 BayObLG 24.11.65 – BReg. 2 Z …” „… 1961, 2157; 12.6.2014 – V ZR 244/13; 29.9.2006 – V ZR 25/06, WM 2006, 2226; 15.11.2013 – V ZR 24/13 …”

Index S. 2129-2322

„… assignment 398 10 – form 398 9 – principle of priority 398 11 Assignment excluded by agreement 399 6 et seq …” „… a person not entitled 932 9 – pledge 1205 2 – purchase agreement 433 9 – requirements and effect of …” „… – effect on original obligation 364 9 – examples 364 5 – extinction by performance 362 3 – extinction of …”

Title 27. Torts (§§ 823–853) S. 1597-1691

„… 46/71, NJW 1972, 1126. 4 MüKo BGB/Wagner, § 823 BGB mn. 167. 5 BGH 9.11.1993 – VI ZR 62/93, NJW 1994 …” „… BGH 20.11.2012 – VI ZR 268/11, NJW-RR 2013, 550 (mn. 25). 8 See further the comment on § 276, mn. 8. 9 …” „… , 3706, 3710. 11 Palandt BGB/Sprau, § 826 BGB mn. 9 and 11a. Intentional damage contrary to public policy …”

Division 5. Transfer of a claim (§§ 398–413) S. 665-697

„… claim. 9 BGH 14.1.1975 – VI ZR 139/73, NJW 1975, 687. 10 Sec in this respect § 401 mn. 2 et seq. 11 MüKo …” „… 9.11.1981 – II ZR 197/80, NJW 1982, 992. 16 e. g. BGH 19.2.1992 – IV ZR 111/91, NJW-RR 1992, 790. 17 e. g …” „… . BGH 9.11.1994 – IV ZR 66/94, NJW 1995, 323. 1 See BGH 19.9.1991 – IX ZR 296/90, NJW 1991, 3025. 2 MüKo …”

Title 1. Subject matter of ownership (§§ 903–924) S. 1754-1787

„… radio waves are kept from a house by another higher building.11 3. Immaterial impairments 9 Immaterial …” „… BGB mn. 6; BeckOK BGB/ Fritzsche, § 909 BGB mn. 3. 8 BGH 29.6.2012 – V ZR 97/11, NJW-RR 2012, 1160. 9 …” „… BGH 19.9.1979 – V ZR 22/78, NJW 1980, 224. 10 BGH 13.7.1965 – V ZR 169/64, NJW 1965, 2099. 11 BGH …”

Title 13. Agency without specific authorisation (§§ 677–687) S. 1375-1392

„… Enrichment and Restitution (OUP 2009), p. 242. Division 8. Particular types of obligations§ 677 9–11 1378 …” „… ): BGH 25.9.1952 – IV ZR 22/52, NJW 1952, 1410. 7 But see the following paragraph. 8 RG 11.10.1932 – II …” „… pledgee or sovereign measures such as account seizures, account blocks or transfer bans.9 Title 13 Agency …”

Title 2. Declaration of intent (§§ 116–144) S. 138-193

„… 28.2.2002 – I ZR 318/99, NJW 2002, 2312. 14 RG 9.11.1906 – II 173/06, RGZ 64, 266, 268; RG 22.12.1905 – Rep …” „… 2008, 644, 648. 9 BAG 6.9.2012 – 2 AZR 270/11, NJW 2013, 1115, 1117. 10 Palandt BGB/Ellenberger, § 123 …” „… duress 9–10 § 123 Wais 153 III. Intention 11 Moreover, it is necessary that the perpetrator has the …”

Title 1. Purchase, exchange (§§ 433–480) S. 732-834

„… ZR 191/07, NJW 2009, 2807, 2807 (mn. 9); BGH 6.2.2013 – VIII ZR 374/11, NJW 2013, 1365, 1365 (mn. 10 …” „… , 2107, 2108 (mn. 22). 10 BGH 20.5.2009 – VIII ZR 191/07, NJW 2009, 2807, 2807 et seq. (mn. 9). 11 An …” „… ZR 266/11, NJW 2013, 2182, 2183 (mn. 9). 34 e. g. BGH 16.4.1969 – VIII ZR 176/66, NJW 1969, 1171 …”

Title 3. Contract (§§ 145–157) S. 193-209

„… , 1388. 9 MüKo BGB/Busche, § 145 BGB mn. 11; Jauernig BGB/Mansel, § 145 BGB mn. 3. 10 HK-BGB/Dörner …” „… 65/94, NJW 1995, 1281. 9 BGH 2.11.1995 – X ZR 135/93, NJW 1996, 919, 920. 10 Palandt BGB/Ellenberger …” „… 103/80, NJW 1981, 2295, 2296. 5 BGH 30.10.2013 – V ZB 9/13, NJW 2014, 1242, 1243; BGH 29.11.1994 – XI ZR …”

Title 1. Natural persons, consumers, entrepreneurs (§§ 1–20) S. 17-33

„… partnership). 14 BGH 30.9.2009 – VIII ZR 7/09, NJW 2009, 3780. 15 BGH 11.7. 2007 – VIII ZR 110/06, NJW 2007 …” „… ................................................................................................ ......... 9 IV. End of legal capacity …” „… 1 January 1900. Under the fundamental rule of human dignity emphasised by Art. 1(1) GG, legal …”

Title 5. Agency and authority (§§ 164–181) S. 215-241

„… , 107). A 22 HK-BGB/Dörner, § 164 BGB mn. 11. 23 BGH 17.9.2001 – II ZR 378/99, BeckRS 2001, 9439; BGH …” „… 155/01, NJW 2002, 2325. 6 Palandt BGB/Ellenberger, § 172 BGB mn. 9. 7 BGH 16.11.1987 – II ZR 92/87, NJW …” „… 27.9.1956 – II ZR 178/55, NJW 1956, 1673. 11 BGH 10.1.2007 – VIII ZR 380/04, NJW 2007, 987, 988; BGH …”

Title 3. Restricted personal easements (§§ 1090–1093) S. 1957-1969

„… : BGH 8.3.2019 – V ZR 200/17 mn. 9, juris. 38 BGH 6.11.2014 – V ZB 131/13 mn. 14, NJW-RR 2015, 208. 39 …” „… 2013, 18220, OLG München 9. 5.2012 – 34 Wx 448/11, BeckRs 2012, 14117; Staudinger BGB/Reimann, § 1093 …” „… 57/11 mn. 7–9, NJW 2012, 522. Division 4. Servitudes§ 1093 4–7 1968 Schmidt-Räntsch Division 5 Right of …”

Title 1. Duty of performance (§§ 241–292) S. 309-436

„… 1974, 1705. 10 BGH 14.11.1991 – III ZR 4/91, NJW 1992, 498. 11 BGH 9.6.1992 – VI ZR 49/91, NJW 1992 …” „… principle is especially applied to the illegitimate use of rights in enforcement.11 VI. Mandatory nature 9In …” „… see BGH 27.11.2000 – II ZR 218/00, NJW 2001, 1270. 9 BGH 11.6.1996 – VI ZR 256/95, NJW 1996, 2724 …”

Title 15. Bringing things onto the premises of innkeepers (§§ 701–704) S. 1402-1411

„… ................................................................................................ ............. 9 VI. Exclusion of liability …” „… ............................................................................................... 11 A. Function I. Purpose and underlying principles 1Guests have difficulties proving a culpable …” „… regard to this matter.9 B. Context I. Historical 3 The provision is rooted in Roman law (receptum …”

Title 2. Acquisition and loss of ownership of plots of land (§§ 925–928) S. 1787-1796

„… ................................................................................................ ................... 9 IV. Presence …” „… ................................................................................................ .............. 11 VI. Legal consequences …” „… (§ 11(1) 1st St. ErbbauRG). B. Context I. Historical 5 The declaration of conveyance previously existed in …”

Title 9. Contract to produce a work and similar contracts (§§ 631–651y) S. 1162-1254

„… MüKo BGB/Busche, § 631 BGB mn. 163. 9 LG Köln 10.11.1998 – 11 S 360 – 97, NJW-RR 1999, 563. 10 BGH …” „… , § 633 BGB mn. 4. 2 BGH 29.9.2011 – VII ZR 87/11, NJW 2011, 3780. 3 BGH 29.9.2011 – VII ZR 87/11, NJW …” „… applicable to streets9, wind energy plants10, training grounds11 and photovoltaic systems on the roof.12 In …”

Title 3. Loan contract; financing assistance and contracts for delivery by instalments between an entrepreneur and a consumer (§§ 488–515) S. 846-920

„… BGB/Grüneberg, § 488 BGB mn. 2; BGH 9.11.1978 – III ZR 21/77, NJW 1979, 806. 12 BGH 29.5.1990 – XI ZR 231/89 …” „… 26.11.2001, p. 254. Division 8. Particular types of obligations§ 490 3–9 856 Krämer 1. Otherwise realise 10 …” „… to achieve more beneficial terms for the loan.9 2. Validity 11Valid termination requires receipt of …”

Title 2. Usufruct (§§ 1030–1089) S. 1916-1957

„… §§ 1030–1089 mn. 5. 33 BGH 6.11.2014 – V ZB 131/13 mn. 9, NJW 2015, 2008; NK-BGB/Lemke, § 1030 BGB mn. 71–72 …” „… See MüKo BGB/Pohlmann, § 1059a BGB mn. 11. 9 Staudinger BGB/Heinze, § 1059a BGB mn. 5. Claim to grant …” „… available restricted real rights;9 this also applies to usufruct. 6The main characteristic of usufruct is …”

Title 22. Promise to fulfil an obligation; acknowledgement of debt (§§ 780–782) S. 1539-1545

„… BGB/Marburger, § 780 BGB mn. 9. 14 Staudinger BGB/Marburger, § 780 BGB mn. 11. 15 See also § 364(2). 16 MüKo …” „… BGH 11.1.1960 – II ZR 69/59, BeckRS 1960, 30927203. 9 BGH 14.7.1981 – VI ZR 304/79; BGH 10.1.1984 – VI …” „… ................................................................................................ ........... 9 1. Collateral …”

Title 20. Suretyships (§§ 765–778) S. 1501-1532

„… , § 767 BGB mn. 11. 9 MüKo BGB/Habersack, § 767 BGB mn. 7a. 10 BeckOK BGB/Rohe, § 767 BGB mn. 14. Extent …” „… BGB mn. 11; Soergel BGB/Gröschler, § 774 BGB mn. 9. 6 BeckOK BGB/Rohe, § 774 BGB mn. 11. 7 BGH …” „… , 2461. 9 BGH 9.1.1980 – VIII ZR 21/79, NJW 1980, 830. 10 Soergel BGB/Gröschler, § 777 BGB mn. 6. 11 MüKo …”

Title 25. Presentation of things (§§ 809–811) S. 1571-1576

„… necessary knowledge in other and easier ways.9 IV. Possessor 6 The claim is directed against the possessor …” „… BGB/Gehrlein, § 809 BGB mn. 5. 9 BGH 8.1.1985 – X ZR 18/84, NJW.RR 1986, 480. 10 MüKo BGB/Habersack, § 809 BGB …” „… make an inspection which impairs the value or usability of the thing.11 The right of inspection has to …”

Title 4. Claims arising from ownership (§§ 985–1007) S. 1853-1888

„… 10.11.1994 – 10 U 26/94 , NJW-RR 1995, 1527. 10 RG 9.11.1933 – IV 269/33, RGZ 142, 201. Division 3. Ownership …” „… . 29 BGH 21.9.2012 – V ZR 230/11, NJW 2012, 3781. 30 BGH 9.2.2018 – V ZR 311/16, NJW 2018, 1542 (mn. 6 …” „… disturber is obliged to restore also the pipeline). Claim for removal and injunction 9–11 § 1004 U. Magnus …”

Title 1. Creation, subject matter and termination (§§ 311–319) S. 466-521

„… , § 311b BGB mn. 8–9. Division 3. Contractual obligations§ 311b 5 480 Schulze land11). In contrast, the …” „… Directive, and in addition the EU Commercial Agents Directive). 9The parties to a non-gratuitous contract …” „… forms of contract can not be attributed either to a statute-based type Introduction to §§ 311–360 4–9 …”

Title 12. Mandate, contract for the management of the affairs of another and payment services (§§ 662–676c) S. 1269-1375

„… MüKo BGB/Schäfer, § 670 BGB mn. 18. 9 BGH 30.5.1960 – II ZR 113/58, NJW 1960, 1568. 10 BGH 9.11 …” „… consumer’s residence.9 III. European jurisdiction 8Under the application of the Brussels Convention the CJEU …” „… cases the contractual jurisdiction of Art. 5(1) BC should apply11 with the result that the jurisdiction …”

Title 3. Acquisition and loss of ownership of movable things (§§ 929–984) S. 1796-1853

„… . 8 See RGK BGB/Meller-Hannich, § 936 BGB mn. 11 et seq., 23. 9 Palandt BGB/Herrler, § 936 BGB mn. 3 …” „… ................................................................................................ ...... 9 III. Delivery …” „… ............................................................................................ 11 2. Exception …”

Title 2. Reciprocal contracts (§§ 320–327) S. 521-541

„… – VIII ZR 26/86, NJW 1987, 2435. 3 BGH 2.11.1961 – II ZR 126/59, NJW 1962, 250. 4 BGH 26.9.2013 – VII ZR …” „… – VIII ZR 9/91, NJW 1992, 235. 9 BGH 11.1.1984 – VIII ZR 255/82, NJW 1984, 1028. 10 BGH 18.12.1985 – VIII …” „… ................................................................................................ .. 8 IV. Non-performance of the other party.......................................................... 9 …”

Title 16. Partnership (§§ 705–740) S. 1411-1475

„… See Introduction to §§ 705–740 mn. 3, 9. 2 See Introduction to §§ 705–740 mn. 11. 3 See …” „… . §§ 105 et seq. HGB as a role model....................................................... 9 2 …” „… ........................................................ 11 1. Unlimited personal liability of partners ................................................ 12 2 …”

Title 11. Promise of a reward (§§ 657–661a) S. 1262-1269

„… unfair within the meaning of § 307(2) No. 1.9 If the customer terminates the contract, he may demand …” „… to the customer were virtually unsuitable.10 Title 11 Promise of a reward Titel 11 Auslobung § 657 …” „… . 3 BGH 25.5.1983 – IVa ZR 182/81, NJW 1983, 2817. 4 BGH 11.7.1990 – IV ZR 160/89, NJW 1990, 2550; BGH …”

Title 1. Capacity to contract (§§ 104–115) S. 122-138

„… BGB mn. 11. 5 BGH 20.11.2013 – XII ZR 19/11, NJW 2014, 1095, 1097. 6 OLG Naumburg 9.12.2004 – 4 W …” „… take total control of him because of his mental disturbance, No. 2 may be applicable.9 Dementia does …” „… consequences of one’s actions.11 It is argued that an IQ below 60 indicates that will cannot be exercised …”

Division 7. More than one obliger and obligee (§§ 420–432) S. 707-732

„… paragraphs. 5 BGH 9.7.2009 – VII ZR 109/08, NJW 2010, 62. 6 BGH 25.11.2009 – IV ZR 70/05, NJW 2010, 435. 7 …” „… . 3 BGH 20.11.1981 – V ZR 245/80, NJW 1982, 928. More than one obligee of indivisible performance 5–9 …” „… presumption is rebuttable. IV. Legal connection 9Although the performance is divisible, its individual parts …”

Title 1. Performance (§§ 362–371) S. 616-633

„… ................................................................................................ ....... 9 II. Performance to a third party …” „… ......................................................................................... 11 1. Reservations …” „… performance.2 1 BGH 29.9.1967 – V ZR 40/66, NJW 1968, 297. 2 BGH 20.6.1990 – XII ZR 98/89, NJW 1990, 3194 …”

Title 19. Imperfect obligations (§§ 762–764) S. 1496-1501

„… BGB/Janoschek, § 762 BGB mn. 2. 9 Soergel BGB/Häuser/Welter, § 762 BGB mn. 11. 10 BGH 29.9.1977 – III ZR 164/75 …” „… ......................................................................................... 9 1. No return …” „… ....................................................................................... 11 3. Ancillary contracts …”

Title 26. Unjust Enrichment (§§ 812–822) S. 1576-1597

„… Eintritt des Erfolgs 1 See § 812 mn. 9. 2 RG 27.2.1912 – VII 409/11, RGZ 78, 427, recently confirmed in …” „… 11.11.2015 – IV ZR 513/14, NJW 2016, 1388. 5 RG 8.6.1895 – I 13/95, RGZ 35, 53. 6 BGH 25.9.1952 – IV ZR 22/52 …” „… , particularly for recipients on a low to medium income, that the enrichment has been spent 9 BGH 11 …”

Title 14. Safekeeping (§§ 688–700) S. 1392-1402

„… VII. Counter-claim 9 If the principal exercises rights under §§ 677, 678, 681 or 682, this does not …” „… ................................................................................................ ................... 9 C. Explanation …” „… ................................................................................................ ................... 11 III. Duties of the depositary …”

Title 4. Conditions and specification of time (§§ 158–163) S. 209-215

„… früheren Zeitpunkt eingetreten wären. 10 BGH 21.9.1959 – III ZR 103/58, NJW 1960, 34, 35. 11 HK-BGB/Dörner …” „… burdened with the legal uncertainty that the 21 BGH 15.11.2012 – VII ZR 99/10, NJW 2013, 678, 679; BGH …” „… ; BGH 17.4.2002 – VIII ZR 297/01, NJW 2002, 2310, 2311. 23 BGH 15.11.2012 – VII ZR 99/10, NJW 2013, 678 …”

Title 10. Brokerage contract (§§ 652–656) S. 1254-1262

„… BGB/Roth, § 653 BGB mn. 1, 9. 5 HK-BGB/Scheuch, § 653 BGB mn. 1. 6 BGH 18.10. 2012 – III ZR 106/11, NJW …” „… happens because the contract was affected by a defect right from the beginning.9 For instance, if the …” „… for the conclusion of the contract. The broker bears the burden of proof for the causation11, whereby …”

Title 5. Revocation; right of withdrawal in consumer contracts (§§ 346–361) S. 564-616

„… contracts (§§ 8–9 VVG), investment contracts (Vermögensanlagen) (§ 11(2) VermAnlG) for shares (Aktien …” „… ......................................................................................... 9 1. Ex nunc effect …” „… .............................................................................................. 10 2. Obligation to return received performances ........................................ 11 3 …”

Title 3. Promise of performance to a third party (§§ 328–335) S. 541-553

„… 47/77, NJW 1978, 883. 8 BGH 7.11.1960 – VII ZR 148/59, NJW 1961, 211. 9 BGH 12.11.1980 – VIII ZR 293/79 …” „… ), the right to revoke the contract is subject to the obligor’s refusal of performance.9 The revocation …” „… fordern. 8 BGH 10.10.2007 – VIII ZR 330/06, NJW 2008, 53. 9 BGH 19.12.2012 – VIII ZR 96/12, NJW 2013, 1074 …”

Division 6. Assumption of debt (§§ 414–419) S. 697-707

„… – IX ZR 195/95, ZIP 1996, 846; BGH 8.12.1982 – VIII ZR 219/81, NJW 1983, 678, 679. 11 BGH 9.3.1998 – II …” „… , 352. 2 BGH 20.10.1982 – IVa ZR 81/81, NJW 1983, 678, 679; BGH 15.11.2000 – VIII ZR 322/99, NJW-RR 2001 …” „… 12.4.2012 – VII ZR 13/11, NJW-RR 2012, 741. 5 BGH 21.12.1973 – IV ZR 158/72, NJW 1974, 852. 6 BGH 31.1.1991 …”

Title 7. Contract for the loan of a thing (§§ 607–610) S. 1061-1064

„… totally destroyed and therefore cannot be returned:9 the usual termination periods under §§ 195, 199 apply …” „… – ‘test drive’. 7 BAG 11.4.1984 – 7 AZR 115/81, NJW 1985, 759. 8 BGH 4.8.2010 – XII ZR 118/08, NJW 2010 …” „… , 3087. 9 OLG Köln 14.3.1995 – 22 U 202/94, NJW 1997, 1157. 10 BGH 7.2.1968 – VIII ZR 179/65, NJW 1968 …”

Title 3. Set-off (§§ 387–396) S. 648-663

„… . Multiple obligees of the main obligation .............................................. 9 3. Multiple …” „… counter obligation.......................................... 11 V. Performances substantially of the same …” „… party is the obligee of the main obligation and the obligor of the counter obligation. 1 BGH 24.9 …”

Title 6. Gratuitous loan (§§ 598–606) S. 1054-1061

„… Palandt BGB/Weidenkaff, § 604 BGB mn. 9. 1 BGH 11.12.1981 – V ZR 247/80, NJW 1982, 820. 2 Jauernig …” „… of the thing, e. g. riding a horse.9 § 599 Liability of the lender § 599 Haftung des Verleihers The …” „… BGB/Weidenkaff, § 598 BGB mn. 1. 8 MüKo BGB/Häublein, § 598 BGB mn. 23. 9 Staudinger BGB/Reuter, § 598 BGB mn. 2 …”

Division 7. Provision of securitiy (§§ 232–240) S. 299-309

„… creditor is in bad faith.1 9 See § 234 mn. 2. 10 See Introduction mn. 36. 11 MüKo BGB/Grothe, § 232 BGB …” „… applies, there is no need to apply for injunctive relief. VI. Mistake 9Self-help is unlawful if the …” „… ................................................................................................ ............ 9 4. Mortgage …”

Division 2. Drafting contractual obligations by means of standard business terms (§§ 305–310) S. 442-466

„… ................................................................................................ .......... 9 III. Battle of the forms …” „… ....................................................................................... 11 A. Function I. Purpose and underlying principle 1§§ 305 et seq. are the basis for the legal …” „… then will § 310(3) No. 1 apply. II. Valid part 9If one party to the contract has made use of standard …”

Title 4. Earnest, contractual penalty (§§ 336–345) S. 553-564

„… BGH 21.11.2007 – XII ZR 213/05, BeckRS 2008, 00818. 9 BGH 23.1.1991 – VIII ZR 42/90, NJW-RR 1991, 568 …” „… 1992, 1097. 3 BGH 27.11.1974 – VIII ZR 9/73, NJW 1975, 163. 4 BGH 8.5.2008 – I ZR 88/06, NJW 2008, 2849 …” „… wegen Nichterfül- 1 OLG Hamm 7.9.1995 – 4 UF 314/94, NJW-RR 1996, 1157; HK-BGB/Schulze, § 335 BGB mn. 1 …”

Title 17. Co-ownership (§§ 741–758) S. 1475-1491

„… im Zweifel mit dem Tode eines Teilhabers außer Kraft. 2 See BGH 11.9.2000 – II ZR 324/98, NJW-RR 2001 …” „… § 754 2nd St. In this case, § 432 applies, i. e. 1 BGH 11.9.2000 – II ZR 324/98, NJW-RR 2001, 369. 2 See …” „… on expected future earnings (Ertragswertmethode). 11Pending transactions within the meaning of § 740 …”

Title 2. Legal persons (§§ 21–89) S. 33-108

„… § 58 mn. 4. 3 OLG Hamm 27.9.2011 – 27 W 106/11, NJW 2012, 940. 4 BGH 9.11.1972 – II ZR 63/71, NJW 1973 …” „… ......................................................................... 9 IV. Situation before agreement upon formation ............................................ 10 V …” „… ................................................................................. 11 A. Function I. Underlying principle 1Non-profit organisations have a central role in German …”

Title 2. Land charge, annuity land charge (§§ 1191–1203) S. 2053-2064

„… – VIII ZR 177/58, MDR , 1959, 571. 8 BGH 21.5.2003 – IV ZR 452/02, NJW 2003, 2673. 9 BGH 10.11.1989 – V …” „… ................................................................................... 9 VI. Expiration …” „… ................................................................................................ ........ 11 A. Function 1§§ 1191–1198 regulate the land charge. Sub. 1 contains the legal definition of land …”

Title 5. Lease, usufructuary lease (§§ 535–597) S. 937-1054

„… to extraordinarily terminate the contract under Sub. 2 1st St. No. 3(a).11 IV. Exclusion 9 The …” „… ZR 175/14, NJW 2015, 1296. 9 BGH 11.7.2012 – VIII ZR 138/11, NJW 2012, 2882. 10 BGH 30.4.2014 – VIII …” „… ZR 103/13, NJW 2014, 2720. 11 HK-BGB/Scheuch, § 543 BGB mn. 9. Division 8. Particular types of …”

Title 24. Bearer bond (§§ 793–808) S. 1555-1571

„… BGB/Marbuger, § 793 BGB mn. 6. 3 MüKo BGB/Habersack, § 794 BGB mn. 11 et seq. 4 BGH 30.11.1972 – II ZR 70/71 …” „… issuer to perform the obligation to the holder of the document.9 5The terms and conditions of the bearer …” „… the bearer bond.11 The provisions of the Schuldverschreibungsgesetz (SchVG; Act concerning debt …”

Title 18. Life annuity (§§ 759–761) S. 1491-1496

„… ......................................................................................... 9 VII. Duration …” „… ................................................................................................ ............ 11 VIII. Amount …” „… possible to include indexation clauses.8 VI. Academic criticism 9The view taken by courts has been …”

Title 23. Order (§§ 783–792) S. 1545-1555

„… BGB mn. 16. 10 MüKo BGB/Habersack, § 783 BGB mn. 16. 11 BeckOK BGB/Gehrlein, § 783 BGB mn. 9. Division …” „… beneficiary of the order9 and requires a document in written form (§ 126 BGB). The instruction does not need …” „… declaration.11 3 Palandt BGB/Sprau, § 783 BGB mn. 1. 4 Translation note: the wording chosen here better …”

Title 21. Settlement (§§ 779) S. 1532-1539

„… .................................................................................. 8 3. Removing a dispute or uncertainty ........................................................ 9 4 …” „… 5.10.1954 – V BLw 25/54, NJW 1954, 1886. 4 BGH 18.11.1954 – IV ZR 96/54, NJW 1955, 182. 5 Soergel …” „… mutual concession is already provided due to the doctrine of consideration.9 There are differences in the …”

Division 2. Things and animals (§§ 90–103) S. 108-122

„… buyer of an animal of the same kind. 3 BGH 9.11.1993 – VI ZR 62/93, NJW 1994, 127. 4 cf. Zimmermann …” „… .9 1 BGH 2.11.1982 – VI ZR 131/81, NJW 1983, 746, 747. 2 BGH 17.9.1979 – VIII ZR 339/78, NJW 1979 …” „… 41/77, NJW 1980, 771. 8 BGH 19.3.1965 – V ZR 270/62, MDR 1965, 561. 9 BGH 20.11.2008 – IX ZR 180/07, NJW …”

Division 1. Possession (§§ 854–872) S. 1691-1712

„… . 1293; Müller, Besitzschutz in Europa (Mohr Siebeck 2010), p. 9, 11 et seq. 5 See § 854 mn. 18 …” „… . Types of possession in the BGB .................................................................. 11 I …” „… often exercise the same actions as a possessor against interferences by third parties.9 Some legal …”

Title 1. Subject-matter and duration of limitation (§§ 194–202) S. 255-274

„… ................................................................................................ ........... 11 C. Explanation …” „… consent to a genetic examination for the purpose of establishing parentage, according to Sub. 2 2nd Alt. 9 …” „… German civil law. II. European 11 The BGB contained rules on limitation when it entered into force in …”

Title 1. Pledge of movable things (§§ 1204–1272) S. 2064-2113

„… pledge (cash deposit) securing the dealer’s claim for their return.15 11 BGH 21.9.1994 – XII ZR 77/93 …” „… BGB/Förster, § 1204 BGB mn. 6.4 et seq. 14 BGH 9.7.2007 – II ZR 233/05, NJW 2007, 2913. 15 BGH 13.11.2009 – V …” „… liable under § 823. 1 BGH 18.11.2009 – VIII ZR 347/08, NJW-RR 2010, 633; BGH 21.9.1994 – XII ZR 77/93 …”

Division 2. General provisions on rights in land (§§ 873–902) S. 1712-1754

„… et seq.), heritable building rights (Erbbaurechte, §§ 11 et seq. ErbbauRG); charges on land …” „… ................................................................................................ .. 9 3. Agreement as to the time of registration .............................................. 10 4 …” „… ................................................................................................ ... 11 a) Agency …”

Title 4. Donation (§§ 516–534) S. 920-937

„… text form (§ 126b) of the correctly completed model withdrawal form under schedule 9 EGBGB (4th St …” „… 11.12.1981 – V ZR 247/80, NJW 1982, 820. This is rather a contract for a gratuitous loan of an object under …” „… producer of crisps 1 BGH 20.11.1984 – IVa ZR 104/83, NJW 1985, 794. Division 8. Particular types of …”

Introduction S. 1-17

„… II. The BGB in the German legal system today ............................................ 9 III. The …” „… attractive to international audiences. II. The BGB in the German legal system today 9 Private law forms one …” „… ). 7 Jauernig, Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch: BGB (17th edn, C.H.Beck 2018). Introduction5–9 2 …”

Title 2. Suspension, suspension of expiry and recommencement of the limitation period (§§ 203–213) S. 274-288

„… drei Monate nach dem Ende der Hemmung ein. 3 BGH 18.9.2007 – IX ZR 447/06, VersR 2008, 366. 4 See e. g …” „… . Brandenburgisches OLG 16.2.2005 – 9 WF 38/05, NJW-RR 2005, 871. 5 See § 195 mn. 5. Division 5. Limitation§ 203 274 …” „… Begutachtungsverfahrens, 9. the service of an application for an attachment order, an interim injunction or an interim …”

Title 1. Mortgage (§§ 1113–1190) S. 1981-2053

„… 1 BGH 9.11.2006 – IX ZR 133/05, NJW-RR 2007, 626. Division 7. Mortgage, land charge, annuity land …” „… land charges accordingly. 1 BGH 9.11.2005 – IV ZR 224/03, NJW 2006, 771. Extension to insurance claim 1 …” „… ................................................................................................ ............... 9 I. Contract …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… Verlag C.H.Beck oHG, Wilhelmstraße 9, 80801 München, Germany, email: bestellung@beck.de Co-published by …” „… ISBN Print 978 3 8487 4686 6 (NOMOS) © 2020 Verlag C.H.Beck oHG Wilhelmstr. 9, 80801 München Printed in …” „… Germany by Druck und Bindung: Druckerei C.H Beck Nördlingen Wilhelmstr. 9, 80801 München Typeset by …”

Division 6. Charges on land (§§ 1105–1112) S. 1976-1981

„… ................................................................................................ ............... 9 I. Contract …” „… ........................................................................................ ..................... 9 II. Conditions …” „… ................................................................................................ ... 11 2. Claim …”

Title 2. Deposit (§§ 372–386) S. 633-648

„… ................................................................................................ ......... 9 VI. Dispute amongst several claimants …” „… 1 BGH 29.9.1992 – XI ZR 9/92, NJW 1993, 55. 2 Palandt BGB/Grüneberg, Einf v § 372 BGB mn. 6 …” „… not be reasonable for the obligor to remove these doubts at his own risk and costs.7 V. Good faith 9 …”

Title 2. Pledge of rights (§§ 1273–1296) S. 2113-2129

„… . Applicable provisions 9 Sub. 2 1st St. establishes that the pledge of rights generally follows the same rules …” „… 24.9.2015 – IX ZR 272/13, NJW-RR 2016, 242. For stocks, see Nodoushani, Rechtsfragen bei der …” „… mn. 3. Division 8. Pledge of movables§ 1273 5–9 2114 Rupp of § 1207, § 1212, §§ 1219–1221, § 1228(1 …”

Division 4. Periods of time and fixed dates (§§ 186–193) S. 247-255

„… does not point to a different meaning. Thus, a period of period of two hours starting 9:35 (a.m.) ends …” „… at 11:35 (a.m.), whereas a period of ‘24 hours’ may, depending on the circumstances of the case, be …” „… mn. 9–21. Division 4. Periods of time and fixed dates§ 190 1–2 252 Effer-Uhe/Mohnert II. Contractual …”

Title 6. Consent and ratification (§§ 182–185) S. 241-247

„… MüKo BGB/Bayreuther, § 184 BGB mn. 9. 7 See § 242 mn. 29. Division 3. Legal transactions§ 184 1–3 244 …” „… another entitlement 3 See § 164 mn. 6–7. 4 Palandt BGB/Ellenberger, § 185 BGB mn. 7. 5 BGH 3.11 …”

doi.org/10.17104/9783406765773

Christoph G. Paulus, Reinhard Dammann - European Preventive Restructuring

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Christoph G. Paulus (Hrsg.), Reinhard Dammann (Hrsg.)

European Preventive Restructuring

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Article 12. Equity holders (Garcimartin) S. 189-198

„… objective: (i) either to apply Articles 9 to 11 to equity holders,(ii) or “by other means”.2 In principle …” „… include them within the scope of applica-tion of Article 9 to 11, or “by other means”. Paragraph 2 extends …” „… treat them as a class ofstakeholders under Article 9 to 11; (ii) or “by other means”. Naturally, once …”

Article 11. Cross-class cram-down (Veder) S. 176-189

„… , supra (fn. 6), par. 6.14.9 Article 11 of the Commission Proposal:“1. Member States shall ensure that a …” „… holders from the application of Articles 9to 11, they shall ensure by other means that those equity …” „… conditioned upon the institutional context ofeach Member State.Article 11Cross-class cram-down1. Member States …”

Article 9. Adoption of restructuring plans (Dammann) S. 146-167

„… collective proceedings and Article 9 to 11 provide for acoherent “closed” system (“abschließendes …” „… ), § 222, par. 10, 11, 110 et seq.85 See Kowalewski/Praß, supra (fn. 1), Article 9 par. 60.86 See …” „… entities were to propose their own plan.Article 9Adoption of restructuring plans1. Member States shall …”

Article 13. Workers (Lynch Fannon) S. 198-209

„… holders (i) arecovered by Articles 9 to 11, (ii) are subject to other measures to prevent them …” „… law of this State has excluded the application of Articles 9 to 11 to equity holdersor not. And the …” „… that is relevant for theapplication of Article 11.31 Furthermore, the restructuring plan and the …”

Article 14. Valuation by the judicial or administrative authority (Dammann) S. 209-214

„… regulated undernational law.9 See Langer/Wolf in Morgen (fn. 3) Article 14 par. 11.10 See Langer/Wolf in …” „… cram-down under point (ii)of Article 11(1)(b).2. Member States shall ensure that, for the purpose of taking …” „… .......................................................................... 9D. Judicial valuation only where the plan is challenged …”

Article 10. Confirmation of restructuring plans (Garcimartin) S. 167-176

„… adopted in accordance with Article 9;(b) creditors with sufficient commonality of interest in the same …” „… ................................................................................................ ......................... 11I. Adoption of the plan …” „… labour law. In such a case, the plandoes not have “a direct effect” upon employment contracts.9 As said …”

Article 8. Content of restructuring plans (Veder) S. 141-146

„… with national law.11Pursuant to Article 9 par. 2 of the Directive, Member States must ensure that …” „… that restructuring plans submitted for adoption inaccordance with Article 9, or for confirmation by a …” „… ................................................................................................ ........ 9III. Terms of the plan …”

B. Proceedings and measures falling within the scope of the Directive S. 37-46

„… enforcement actions and, in accordance withArticles 10 and 11, a restructuring plan could be voted by a …” „… term of likelihood is understood by § 18 par. 2 of theGerman InsO.9 On the other hand, as outlined in …” „… of court, withoutprejudice to any other restructuring frameworks under national law”.9 This being …”

H. The relationship between the Directive, the EIR 2015 and Brussels Ia S. 50-59

„… restructur-ing plan in accordance with Article 9 of the Directive, provided that national law doesallow such …” „… Article 9 par. 10.85 The alternative thresholds are: more than 20 employees, turnover of at least 3 …” „… 11 and lit. c) has been included at the end of the trilogue discussions at the request of theSpanish …”

B. Definitions S. 61-76

„… Directive. It is used in Articles 9par. 3 lit. a), 11 par. 1 lit. b) (ii), 12 and 19. Equity holders are one …” „… thebusiness.9 The amount of sustainable debt needs to be established in order to tailor theefforts that are …” „… cram-down.9 Operational restructuring measures may be necessary to ensure the viability of thebusiness.10 …”

Article 5. Debtor in possession (Veder) S. 97-103

„… withArticle 11; or(c) where it is requested by the debtor or by a majority of the creditors, providedthat, in …” „… become prevalent with the introduction in 1978 ofChapter 11 of the US Bankruptcy Code. In 2014 the …” „… Commission to Study the Reformof Chapter 11, established by the American Bankruptcy Institute, published its …”

Article 16. Appeals (Paulus) S. 216-220

„… what is notexplicitly permitted is forbidden.8 Cf. supra par. 11.9 Cf. supra par. 9.Appeals 11–14 Art …” „… is all the more so as not only the Proposal for the Directive11 COM(2016) 723 final, Article 15.Title …” „… tocommence the restructuring proceeding.B. AppealI. Possibility to appeal, par. 11. Judicial authority2The …”

C. Proportionality, par. 2 S. 251-252

„… . 168 et seq.9 Cf. additionally, Recital 1.10 See, additionally, Article 21.11 The present author refers …” „… procedure that includes a repayment plan (as defined in Article 2 par. 1 no. 11) or arealisation of assets …” „… as well as liquidation proceedings9 which might beregulated in separate codes or, like in Germany, in …”

Article 6. Stay of individual enforcement actions (Richter) S. 103-124

„… preventiverestructuring proceedings.9. Member States shall ensure that judicial or administrative authorities can lift …” „… . Termination of the stay via official discretion (Article 6 par. 9) ................. 491. A stay litigation …” „… where a debtor files a “pre-packaged” preventive restructuring planpursuant to Recital 43 and Article 9 …”

Article 17. Protection for new financing and interim financing (Lynch Fannon) S. 220-229

„… example the provisions in Article 11 on Cross Class cram down indicatethat the Directive embodies an …” „… restructuring process modelled on the US Chapter 11 procedure. The reader will thereforefind references to this …” „… www.clrg.org. It is now contained in the consolidatedCompanies Act 2014, Part 9. The full annotated text of …”

Article 18. Protection for other restructuring related transactions (Lynch Fannon) S. 229-238

„… .11 The main criteria relates to transactions which9 The Irish experience is instructive here. Even …” „… enumerated protected transactions ............................................... 9III. Timing of …” „… protected transactions9 Article 18 par. 4 specifically mentions types of transactions arising during …”

B. Training and expertise S. 280-281

„… contribute to their services being provided in aneffective, competent, impartial and independent way.11 …” „… theappointment is not made by a court but, for example, a creditor.8 Article 25 (1) Commission Proposal.9 Cf …” „… suchas lawyers and accountants.11 There are Member States, however, with separate regula-tions on the …”

B. Access to full discharge, par. 1 S. 250-251

„… be includedin a procedure that includes a repayment plan (as defined in Article 2 par. 1 no. 11) or …” „… restructuring proceedings as well as liquidation proceedings9 which might beregulated in separate codes or, like …” „… stillprevailing conception of the insolvency stigma often leads politicians to argue11 thatthey cannot convince …”

Article 19. Duties of directors where there is a likelihood of insolvency (Corno) S. 238-249

„… ............................................................................................ 11E. Issues to be imposed on directions by Member States as a minimum. .............. 19I. Interests …” „… assessing whether a director is tobe held liable for breaches of duty of care,11 in case of subsequent …” „… Dithmer [2015].9 Recital 2.10 European Commission, Commission staff working document impact assessment, p …”

B. Article 22 concerns entrepreneurs S. 256-257

„… 2 par. 1no. 9 as a natural person exercising a trade, business, craft or profession. As the …” „… definition of an “entrepre-neur” in Article 2 par. 1 no. 9. In other words, an entrepreneur obtaining a …” „… only start activity in the same field, but also in a differentfield, cf. Recital 74.9Par. 1 concerns …”

B. Scope of Article 25 S. 274-277

„… TFEU as well as internationalstandards9 – requires Member States to ensure that its members of their …” „… Member States’ relevant provisions and practices, Tender No. JUST/2014/JCOO/PR/CIVI/0075, p. 94.8 Ibid.9 …” „… underRegulation (EU) 2015/848.11 Furthermore, specialization of courts or judges contri-butes to reducing the time …”

D. Appointment, removal and resignation S. 281-282

„… profession suchas lawyers and accountants.11 There are Member States, however, with separate regula-tions on …” „… , removal and resignation of practitioners is clear, transparentand fair.10 Cf. Leeds Report, p. 95.11 Leeds …” „… thepractitioner’s experience and expertise.”16 Leeds Report, par. 2.9 (p. 104 et seq.).Procedures concerning …”

I. The goals of the Directive S. 1-3

„… ................................................................................................ ... 9C. Relationship to EU 2015/848; cross-border issues …” „… Article 1 par. 1(b), harmonization ofinsolvency law by aligning the various discharge rules and periods.9 …” „… , 7th ed. (2014), 359.9 On the need (or advantage) of a harmonized insolvency law in Europe cf. Vir …”

II. Structure S. 3-4

„… enjoya status of a somewhat hybrid character which is of higher importance than just11 On this …” „… , Ausdifferenzierungen im Insolvenz- und Restrukturierungsrecht, Juristenzeitung (JZ) 2019,11, 16.13 On this, Paulus …” „… from the historical legislativeintent.B. Historical development9 It is unfortunately justifiable to say …”

C. Which kinds of disqualifications must cease according to Article 22 S. 257-258

„… in the definition of an “entrepre-neur” in Article 2 par. 1 no. 9. In other words, an entrepreneur …” „… entrepreneur to not only start activity in the same field, but also in a differentfield, cf. Recital 74.9Par. 1 …” „… debtor obtains a discharge.11In practice, a debtor who wishes to start a new business may find that it is …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… Commentaryedited byChristoph G. PaulusReinhard Dammann2021Published byVerlag C.H.Beck oHG, Wilhelmstraße 9, 80801 …” „… Hill, Oxford, OX2 9PH, United Kingdomonline at: www.hartpub.co.ukandNomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co …” „… (HART)ISBN 978 3 8487 6955 1 (NOMOS)© 2021 Verlag C.H.Beck oHGWilhelmstr. 9, 80801 MünchenPrinted in Germany …”

A. Purpose of the norm (Paulus) S. 60-61

„… operating, or to preserve or enhancethe value of that business;(9) ‘entrepreneur’ means a natural person …” „… realisationof assets or a repayment plan or both;(11) ‘repayment plan’ means a programme of payments of …” „… .......................................................................................... 44IX. lit. 9: Entrepreneur …”

Article 4. Availability of preventive restructuring frameworks (Garcimartin) S. 85-97

„… legal nature or thecharacterization of the plan.9 Furthermore, the Directive refers to national law the …” „… Theory of Corporate Bankruptcyand Chapter 11’s Renegotiation Framework, accessible at …” „… areprovided for under national law for such measures, in particular civil law and labour lawrules”.11The …”

B. The data to be collected S. 289-291

„… . 3)9 Article 29 par. 3 suggests what other data Member States may wish to keep track of.10 In relation …” „… reporting.11 In relation to paragraph (b), the clear candidates for being reported separately as “othertypes …” „… discussion relating to Article 11 andRecital 56, it would be most useful if Member States kept track of the …”

C. Eligibility S. 281

„… profession suchas lawyers and accountants.11 There are Member States, however, with separate regula-tions on …” „… , removal and resignation of practitioners is clear, transparentand fair.10 Cf. Leeds Report, p. 95.11 Leeds …” „… thepractitioner’s experience and expertise.”16 Leeds Report, par. 2.9 (p. 104 et seq.).Procedures concerning …”

Article 7. Consequences of the stay of individual enforcement actions (Richter) S. 124-141

„… proceedings.11 The main objection against them clearly is that parties should9 Ditto, p. 127–128, par …” „… available to debtors who are cash-flow insolvent.So much is clear.9 It is the second sentence of Article 7 …” „… formal insolvency proceedings which could end in thedebtor’s liquidation.11 The subject matter of the …”

Article 15. Effects of restructuring plans (Richter) S. 214-216

„… plansI. Binding effects on affected parties (Article 15 par. 1)1 “Affected parties” are, pursuant to the …” „… interests to be impacted upon by the plan (see Article 8 par. 9). Wherethe restructuring plan does not …” „… is all the more so as not only the Proposal for the Directive11 COM(2016) 723 final, Article 15.Title …”

A. Purpose of the norm S. 279-280

„… cram-down under Article 11 par. 1 lit. b) no. ii.21 As provided by Article 4 par. 6.Title IV. Measures to …” „… provided in aneffective, competent, impartial and independent way.11 Needless to say, there is no one size …” „… example, a creditor.8 Article 25 (1) Commission Proposal.9 Cf. article 27 (1) Directive.Title IV. Measures …”

A. General comments S. 288-289

„… of entrepreneurs who, after having undergone a procedure underpoint (b) of Article 1(1), launch a new …” „… III. Further data to be collected voluntarily (Article 29 par. 3) .......................... 9IV …” „… (for a prime example, see the commentary on Article 11, par. 31) whichhave not been analyzed for their …”

Directive (EU) 2019/1023 of the European Parliament and of the Council S. 9-35

„… 2019.9disposal of assets, should comply with the general requirements that are providedfor under national …” „… resilience of Europeaneconomies, including for the preservation and creation of jobs.(9) The additional cost …” „… as provided for inUnion and national law.(11) The obstacles to the exercise of fundamental freedoms …”

D. Global positioning of the new instrument S. 7-9

„… United States with its famous Chapter 11 proceeding whichhas for now more than four decades attracted …” „… 2019.9 …”

B. Specific rules related to consolidation of proceedings S. 271-273

„… time.9In any case, Member States with multi-track discharge systems will need to enactrules pursuant to …” „… (Article 25 par. 1, lit. b) ........................................................ 11C. Limits to the …”

C. End of discharge period, par. 2 S. 254-255

„… examina-tion and the right to withdraw the benefits of a full discharge.3 As defined in Article 2 par. 1 no. 11 …” „… this clear by adding the present par. 3 in Article 21.9It is, thus, possible and legal that an …”

C. Should early warning tools also apply to consumers etc.? S. 79-80

„… enterprises and groups thattake into account their peculiarities, cf Recital 22.9 Several Member States have …” „… alert the debtor will require legislation.11 As mentioned in par. 2(a), one possibility is to set up a …”

B. Entrepreneurs that have acted dishonestly or in bad faith S. 261-262

„… of dishonesty or bad faith.C. Derogations in other well-defined circumstances9 Par. 2 enable a Member …” „… par. 2.I. Violation of obligations under the repayment plan etc.11 According to par. 2(a), a Member …”

A. Purpose of the norm S. 261

„… .................................................... 9I. Violation of obligations under the repayment plan etc. ................................ 11II …”

C. Derogations in other well-defined circumstances S. 262-264

„… dishonesty or bad faith.C. Derogations in other well-defined circumstances9 Par. 2 enable a Member State to …” „… . Violation of obligations under the repayment plan etc.11 According to par. 2(a), a Member State may make …”

D. Which early warning tools must be available? S. 80-83

„… Recital 22.9 Several Member States have already early warning tools in place. Some of thefrontrunners in …” „… public authority or a third party to alert the debtor will require legislation.11 As mentioned in par. 2 …”

doi.org/10.17104/9783406779350

Carsten Gerner-Beuerle, Federico M. Mucciarelli, Edmund Schuster, Mathias Siems - The Private International Law of Companies in Europe

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Carsten Gerner-Beuerle (Hrsg.), Federico M. Mucciarelli (Hrsg.), Edmund Schuster (Hrsg.), Mathias Siems (Hrsg.)

The Private International Law of Companies in Europe

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XXVI. Spain (Palao Moreno) S. 699-720

„… 11:10:54 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm XXVI. Spain 1. Introduction 1Spanish conflict of law …” „… perspective – and in relation to legal persons in a broad sense – Articles 9 (11) I and 28 of the Spanish …” „… _Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:10:54 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Germany.6 Nevertheless …”

Bibliography (selection) S. 751-758

„… 08.02.2019 11:11:20 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Bibliography (selection) Adams, Z. Deakin S …” „… 08.02.2019 11:11:21 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Biermeyer, T.; Meyer, M. ....... ‘Chaos Days …” „… 11:11:21 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Grundmann, S. ......................... European …”

XXVIII. UK (Stone) S. 729-750

„… 11:11:00 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm XXVIII. UK 1. Introduction 1The Companies Act 2006 is …” „… 11:11:00 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 5 It is open to a foreign national (or a company …” „… recognition or enforcement of a judgment given by a court of an external country.9 11 bb) Renvoi. In general …”

XV. Italy (Lombardo/Mucciarelli) S. 489-513

„… 11:10:12 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm XV. Italy* 1. Introduction 1Relevant sources of …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:10:12 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm way of a …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:10:13 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm documents are …”

IX. Finland (Pönkä/Sillanää) S. 364-376

„… 11:09:47 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm IX. Finland 1. Introduction 1 The principal source of …” „… GmbH O:/Beck/Gerner_978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:09:47 3B2 9.1.580; Page size …” „… 08.02.2019 11:09:48 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 7 The company must have a postal address (i …”

X. France (Menjucq) S. 377-384

„… 11:09:50 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm X. France 1. Introduction 1There is no consolidated …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:09:50 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm conflict of law …” „… 11:09:50 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm stantive law giving an essential role to incorporation …”

XII. Greece (Papadopoulos) S. 415-441

„… 11:09:57 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm XII. Greece 1. Introduction 1Private International Law …” „… _Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:09:58 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm theory interpreted Art …” „… from 08.02.2019 11:09:58 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 7Art. 25 of Law 2190/1920 requires …”

Index S. 759-770

„… Part 2 I paras. 9–19 – Belgium Part 2 II paras. 15–22 – Bulgaria Part 2 III paras. 11–19 – Croatia Part …” „… 14:31:32 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Index A Austria Part 2 I – board of directors Part 2 I …” „… paras. 32–36 – connecting factor Part 2 I paras. 9–19 – criminal law Part 2 I paras. 63–64 – groups of …”

XIX. Malta (Borg-Barthet/Mallia) S. 555-566

„… 11:10:27 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm XIX. Malta 1. Introduction 1Malta’s legal system has …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:10:27 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 5 There is …” „… O:/Beck/Gerner_978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:10:27 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm …”

IV. Croatia (Babić/Jakšić) S. 266-279

„… 11:09:27 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm IV. Croatia 1. Introduction 1 The relevant source for …” „… from 08.02.2019 11:09:28 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm international law.9 There has been …” „… real seat or the registered seat of the company).11 9Along with the company seat, pursuant to the Court …”

VIII. Estonia (Hoffmann) S. 350-363

„… 11:09:44 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm VIII. Estonia 1. Introduction 1 The Estonian legal …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:09:44 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm address of the …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:09:45 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 12Restrictions …”

XX. Netherlands (Van der Elst/Maresceau) S. 567-590

„… 11:10:29 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm XX. Netherlands 1. Introduction 1The Dutch conflict of …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:10:29 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 2 While case …” „… O:/Beck/Gerner_978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:10:30 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm …”

XVII. Lithuania (Heemann/Gasparke) S. 527-543

„… 11:10:20 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm XVII. Lithuania 1. Introduction 1The main sources of …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:10:21 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm registered …” „… /05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:10:21 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 8To sum up, under …”

XIV. Ireland (Clarke/Kenny) S. 461-488

„… 11:10:07 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm XIV. Ireland 1. Introduction 1Irish company law is …” „… O:/Beck/Gerner_978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:10:07 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm …” „… Services GmbH O:/Beck/Gerner_978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:10:07 3B2 9.1.580; Page …”

XI. Germany (Gerner-Beuerle/Siems) S. 385-414

„… 11:09:52 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm XI. Germany 1. Introduction 1There is no consolidated …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:09:52 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm articles of …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:09:52 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm company, the …”

VII. Denmark (Birkmose) S. 334-349

„… 11:09:40 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm VII. Denmark 1. Introduction 1 The Danish conflict of …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:09:41 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm as the address …” „… from 08.02.2019 11:09:41 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm understanding was confirmed by the …”

XVIII. Luxembourg (Conac/Cuniberti) S. 544-554

„… 11:10:24 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm XVIII. Luxembourg 1. Introduction 1 Luxembourg law has …” „… from 08.02.2019 11:10:24 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm in article 2 of the Luxembourg …” „… 11:10:25 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 21As already underlined, French law has been highly …”

XXVII. Sweden (Danelius/Sjöman/Skog) S. 721-728

„… 11:10:58 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm XXVII. Sweden 1. Introduction 1The principal source of …” „… 08.02.2019 11:10:59 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm aktiebolagsregistret).5 There are no …” „… O:/Beck/Gerner_978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:10:59 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm …”

V. Cyprus (Markou/Zantira) S. 280-307

„… 11:09:30 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm V. Cyprus 1. Introduction 1 The Cypriot Private …” „… /05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:09:30 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm mergers7 has been …” „… O:/Beck/Gerner_978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:09:31 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm …”

XVI. Latvia (Balode-Buraka) S. 514-526

„… 11:10:18 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm XVI. Latvia 1. Introduction 1 Latvian company law …” „… 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:10:18 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm number of the property6. The …” „… 11:10:18 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm clauses point to just one country’s applicable law …”

XXIV. Slovakia (Patakyová/Grambličková) S. 661-683

„… 11:10:47 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm XXIV. Slovakia* 1. Introduction 1Conflict of law rules …” „… 08.02.2019 11:10:47 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 4 The second treaty was concluded with the …” „… 11:10:47 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 8The concept of registered office is stipulated in …”

XXI. Poland (Bąk/Rumiński/Morawski/Kuc/Lichnowska/Adamski) S. 591-619

„… 11:10:34 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm XXI. Poland 1. Introduction 1Polish private …” „… 11:10:34 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 9It is debatable under Polish law whether the …” „… 08.02.2019 11:10:35 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 13 Polish company law generally does not …”

III. Bulgaria (Stancheva-Mincheva) S. 243-265

„… 11:09:24 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm III. Bulgaria 1. Introduction 1On 4 May 2005 the 39th …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:09:24 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm transactions by …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:09:24 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 8Even where a …”

XXIII. Romania (Catană/Oprea/Sumandea-Simionescu) S. 642-660

„… 11:10:44 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm XXIII. Romania 1. Introduction 1 The private …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:10:44 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 7In addition …” „… 08.02.2019 11:10:44 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm particular state (because of its real seat …”

VI. Czech Republic (Pauknerová/Brodec) S. 308-333

„… 11:09:35 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm VI. Czech Republic 1. Introduction 1 Conflict rules …” „… 08.02.2019 11:09:36 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm elsewhere against anyone who invokes its …” „… GmbH O:/Beck/Gerner_978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:09:36 3B2 9.1.580; Page size …”

I. Austria (Schuster/Winner) S. 209-223

„… 11:09:16 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm PART 2 COUNTRY REPORTS I. Austria 1. Introduction 1 …” „… O:/Beck/Gerner_978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:09:17 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:09:17 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm incorporated …”

II. Belgium (Maresceau/Van der Elst) S. 224-242

„… 11:09:20 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm II. Belgium 1. Introduction 1 The Belgian material law …” „… O:/Beck/Gerner_978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:09:20 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:09:20 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 13From a …”

XXV. Slovenia (Trstenjak/Weingerl) S. 684-698

„… 11:10:51 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm XXV. Slovenia 1. Introduction 1 There is no …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:10:52 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm The founders …” „… 11:10:52 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm concerning the legal status of this entity. Similar …”

XXII. Portugal (Frada de Sousa) S. 620-641

„… 11:10:40 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm XXII. Portugal 1. Introduction 1 General rules on …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:10:40 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm As we will see …” „… _978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:10:40 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Articles of the …”

XIII. Hungary (Metzinger) S. 442-460

„… 11:10:03 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm XIII. Hungary 1. Introduction 1 The legal situation of …” „… Services GmbH O:/Beck/Gerner_978-3-406-71457-3/3d/05_Part 2.3d from 08.02.2019 11:10:03 3B2 9.1.580; Page …” „… from 08.02.2019 11:10:03 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm more),22 the branch being a …”

I. The problem of the applicable company law in the EU S. 1-9

„… Polbud.17 11 Regulation (EC) 2157/2001 (‘SE Statute’). 12 Regulation (EC) 2157/2001 (‘SE Statute’), art 9 …” „… 10:56:25 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm PART 1 GENERAL PART* I. The problem of the applicable …” „… . Mucciarelli has drafted Sections III 6 to 9 of this Part. 1 With the exceptions of the European Company (‘SE …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… Services GmbH O:/Beck/Gerner_978-3-406-71457-3/3d/00_Titelei.3d from 08.02.2019 10:50:59 3B2 9.1.580; Page …” „… 08.02.2019 10:50:59 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Reemers Publishing Services GmbH …” „… O:/Beck/Gerner_978-3-406-71457-3/3d/00_Titelei.3d from 08.02.2019 10:50:59 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm …”

II. Comparative analysis of law applicable to companies S. 10-208

„… 10:56:27 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm II. Comparative analysis of law applicable to …” „… O:/Beck/Gerner_978-3-406-71457-3/3d/04_Part 1.3d from 08.02.2019 10:56:28 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm …” „… Gerner-Beuerle/Mucciarelli/Schuster/Siems 11 Reemers Publishing Services GmbH O:/Beck/Gerner_978-3-406-71457-3/3d/04_Part 1.3d from …”

doi.org/10.17104/9783406759062

Moritz Brinkmann - European Insolvency Regulation

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Moritz Brinkmann (Hrsg.)

European Insolvency Regulation

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Article 1. Scope S. 25-32

„… ............................................................................................ 9 bb) Interim proceedings and pre-emptive proceedings....................... 11 c) “public …” „… 15.08.2019 12:56:13 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS Article 1 Scope …” „… , Schmid, ECLI:EU:C:2014:6; CJEU, 11 June 2015, Case C-649/13, Comité d’entreprise de Nortel Networks and …”

Article 11. Contracts relating to immoveable property S. 141-144

„… 15.08.2019 12:57:16 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 11 Contracts relating to immoveable …” „… . 18 Garcimartín, ZEuP 2015, 694, 718. Chapter I. General ProvisionsArt. 11 9–10 144 Dahl/Kortleben …” „… November 2012, Case C-116/11, Bank Handlowy v Christianapol, ECLI:EU:C:2012:739; CJEU, 20 October 2011 …”

Section 2. Coordination S. 465-514

„… 15.08.2019 13:11:10 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Section 2 Coordination Subsection 1 Procedure …” „… from 15.08.2019 13:11:10 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm account in the second sentence of …” „… 15.08.2019 13:11:11 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 9Articles 61 to 77 EIR do not apply to …”

Article 14. Effects on rights subject to registration S. 156-158

„… , Europäische Insolvenzverordnung, Art. 11 EIR 2000, mn. 2. 9 Virgós/Schmit, Report on the Convention on …” „… , mn. 9; critical Paulus, EuInsVO, Art. 11, mn. 6; differently Reinhart, in Münchener Kommentar zur …” „… 15.08.2019 12:57:23 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 14 Effects on rights subject to …”

Section 1. Cooperation and communication S. 427-464

„… _978-3-406-69858-3/3d/07_Chapter_V.3d from 15.08.2019 13:11:00 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm latter case …” „… o:/Beck/Brinkmann_978-3-406-69858-3/3d/07_Chapter_V.3d from 15.08.2019 13:11:00 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm …” „… _978-3-406-69858-3/3d/07_Chapter_V.3d from 15.08.2019 13:11:01 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Second, the …”

Article 2. Definitions S. 33-46

„… 15.08.2019 12:56:19 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 2 Definitions For the purposes of …” „… in Annex B; (6) “court” means: (i) in points (b) and (c) of Article 1(1), Article 4(2), Articles 5 …” „… of whether the judgment is final or not; (9) “the Member State in which assets are situated” means …”

Article 7. Applicable law S. 83-124

„… . 5. 24 cf. D. 42.8.6.7 (Ulpian). Applicable law 9–11 Art. 7 Piekenbrock 89 Reemers Publishing …” „… 15.08.2019 12:56:49 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Articles 11 and 14 EIR for example would …” „… . Schmidt, EuInsVO 2015, Art. 7, mn. 23. 96 OGH, 25.10.2011 – 9 Ob 42/11 h, SZ 2011, 336 A(UT); cf. in the …”

Article 9. Set-off S. 132-135

„… 15.08.2019 12:57:11 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 9 Set-off 1. The opening of …” „… / 1-2012-744-EN-F1-1.Pdf (last visited 9 November 2018), reproduced in IILR 2013, 179 et seq.; cf. also …” „… Zivil- und Handelssachen, Art. 6 VO Nr. 1346/2000, mn. 11. Chapter I. General ProvisionsArt. 9 6–9 134 …”

Article 18. Effects of insolvency proceedings on pending lawsuits or arbitral proceedings S. 195-198

„… , Europäische Insolvenzverordnung, Art. 15 EIR 2000, mn. 11. Insolvency proceedings and pending lawsuits 7–9 Art …” „… 15.08.2019 12:57:42 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 18 Effects of insolvency proceedings …” „… :2018:398; CJEU, 9 November 2016, Case C-212/15, ENEFI Energiahatekonysagi Nyrt v Direcţia Generală …”

Article 35. Applicable law S. 278-281

„… also Articles 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18 EIR apply with regard to secondary proceedings. In contrast …” „… Insolvenzverordnung, Art. 28 EIR 2000, mn. 31 et seq. Applicable law 9–11 Art. 35 Madaus 281 …” „… 15.08.2019 13:06:06 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 35 Applicable law Save as otherwise …”

Article 52. Preservation measures S. 405-410

„… realise preservation measures, see below mn. 11. 3. Assets in other Member State 9 The temporary …” „… 13:07:03 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm II. Preservation measures 1. National law 11The …” „… 15.08.2019 13:07:01 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 52 Preservation measures Where the …”

Article 43. Cooperation and communication between insolvency practitioners and courts S. 358-364

„… 15.08.2019 13:06:42 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 43 Cooperation and communication …” „… ) .................................. 9 C. Limitations on cooperation and communication …” „… .............................................. 11 II. Conflict of interests …”

Article 12. Payment systems and financial markets S. 145-151

„… ; Jahn/Fried, in Münchener Kommentar zur InsO, Art. 9 EuInsVO 2000, mn. 1. 11 Recital 71 EIR. 12 Mankowski, in …” „… Insolvenzverordnung, Art. 9 EIR 2000, mn. 11. 33 Brinkmann, in K. Schmidt, Insolvenzordnung, Art. 9 EIR 2000, mn. 3 …” „… 15.08.2019 12:57:18 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 12 Payment systems and financial …”

Annex D S. 555-558

„… 2, point 10 – Article 2, points (1) to (3) and (11) to (13) – Article 2, point (9)(i) to (iii), (v …” „… Article 6 Article 9 Article 7 Article 10 Article 8 Article 11(1) – Article 11(2) Article 9 Article 12 …” „… 15.08.2019 13:13:40 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm ANNEX D Correlation table Regulation (EC) No …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… no. 9, 12; 8–11; 13–15; 17–18; 53–55] Béla Knof works as a lawyer out of the Hamburg office of a …” „… doctorate from the University of Göttingen. [Jointly with Michael Dahl Articles 2 No. 9, 12; 8–11, 13–15 …” „… d_general-bibliography.3d from 15.08.2019 12:49:11 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm General Bibliography Arts …”

Article 34. Opening of proceedings S. 267-277

„… 15.08.2019 13:06:00 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm CHAPTER III SECONDARY INSOLVENCY PROCEEDINGS …” „… -396/09, Interedil, ECLI:EU:C:2011:671; CJEU, 22 November 2012, Case C-116/11, Bank Handlowy, ECLI:EU:C …” „… :2012:739; CJEU, 4 September 2014, C-327/13, Burgo Group, ECLI:EU:C:2014:2158; CJEU, 11 June 2015, C-649-13 …”

Article 54. Duty to inform creditors S. 414-418

„… , Insolvenzordnung, EuInsVO 2017, Art. 54, mn. 11–13. 9 cf. for the English law Moss/Smith, in Moss/Fletcher/Isaacs …” „… 15.08.2019 13:07:48 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 54 Duty to inform creditors 1. As …” „… : Vrchní soud, 11 August 2017, KSUL 44 INS 234/2010, 2 VSPH 701/2010-P93-13 = IILR 2012, 74 et seq. case …”

Article 13. Contracts of employment S. 152-155

„… 15.08.2019 12:57:21 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 13 Contracts of employment 1. The …” „… October 2009, Case C-174/08, Construction Danmark v Skatteministeriet, ECLI:EU:C:2009:669; CJEU, 11 …” „… -396/09, Interedil ECLI:EU:C:2011:671; CJEU, 22 November 2012, Case C-116/11, Bank Handlowy v …”

Article 6. Jurisdiction for actions deriving directly from insolvency proceedings and closely linked with them S. 74-82

„… 12:56:42 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm IV. Third-country defendant 11 Jurisdiction provided …” „… 15.08.2019 12:56:39 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 6 Jurisdiction for actions deriving …” „… ............................................................... 9 IV. Third-country defendant …”

Article 51. Conversion of secondary insolvency proceedings S. 400-404

„… 15.08.2019 13:06:59 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 51 Conversion of secondary insolvency …” „… ..................................................................................... 11 V. Court ruling …” „… _978-3-406-69858-3/3d/05_Chapter_III.3d from 15.08.2019 13:06:59 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm secondary …”

Article 5. Judicial review of the decision to open main insolvency proceedings S. 70-73

„… § 9 InsO (all DEU). 10 Mankowski, in Mankowski/Müller/J. Schmidt, EuInsVO 2015, Art. 5 mn. 11. Chapter …” „… 15.08.2019 12:56:38 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 5 Judicial review of the decision to …” „… .3d from 15.08.2019 12:56:38 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm than the State of the …”

Article 38. Decision to open secondary insolvency proceedings S. 324-331

„… 15.08.2019 13:06:27 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 38 Decision to open secondary …” „… ................................................................................................ .... 7 C. The opening of secondary proceedings despite an undertaking ........................... 9 324 …” „… 15.08.2019 13:06:28 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm I. A binding undertaking, Article 36(4) and …”

Article 37. Right to request the opening of secondary insolvency proceedings S. 315-323

„… :2015:227, paras. 39 et seq. 7 See, for instance: LG Innsbruck, 11 Mai 2004, 9 S 15/04 m, Hettlage, ZIP 2004 …” „… 15.08.2019 13:06:23 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 37 Right to request the opening of …” „… . Right to request under the lex fori concursus secundarii (point b) ............. 11 1. Ratio legis and …”

Article 42. Cooperation and communication between courts S. 348-357

„… . Schmidt, EuInsVO 2015, Art. 42 mn. 9. Cooperation and communication between courts 11–14 Art. 42 …” „… 15.08.2019 13:06:38 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 42 Cooperation and communication …” „… /05_Chapter_III.3d from 15.08.2019 13:06:38 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm A. Background …”

Article 15. European patents with unitary effect and Community trade marks S. 159-161

„… agreement that is independent of European Union law.11 2. Supplementary protection certificates 9 …” „… 15.08.2019 12:57:25 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 15 European patents with unitary …” „… ........................................................... 9 D. Legal consequences …”

Article 24. Establishment of insolvency registers S. 226-238

„… 15.08.2019 13:00:11 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm their national registers. From the …” „… https://publications. europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/3eb2f832-47f3-11e6-9c64-01aa75ed71a1/language-en …” „… _Chapter_II.3d from 15.08.2019 13:00:11 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm creditors38. That explains …”

Article 36. Right to give an undertaking in order to avoid secondary insolvency proceedings S. 282-314

„… 13:06:11 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm concursus secundarii to distribution and priority …” „… 13:06:11 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm undertaking,27 the law applicable to distribution and …” „… undertaking 9–11 Art. 36 Laukemann 289 Reemers Publishing Services GmbH o:/Beck/Brinkmann_978-3-406-69858-3/3d …”

Annex B S. 549-552

„… _978-3-406-69858-3/3d/11_Annex_B.3d from 15.08.2019 13:13:24 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm LUXEMBOURG …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbH o:/Beck/Brinkmann_978-3-406-69858-3/3d/11_Annex_B.3d from …” „… 15.08.2019 13:13:22 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm ANNEX B as of Regulation (EU) 2018/946 of the …”

Article 17. Protection of third-party purchasers S. 191-194

„… 15.08.2019 12:57:40 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 17 Protection of third-party …” „… ................................................................................................ .......... 11 A. Purpose 1The provision has its roots in the need expressed by Germany to protect the reliance …” „… Services GmbH o:/Beck/Brinkmann_978-3-406-69858-3/3d/03_Chapter_I.3d from 15.08.2019 12:57:41 3B2 9 …”

Article 41. Cooperation and communication between insolvency practitioners S. 336-347

„… . 41, mn. 22. Cooperation between insolvency practitioners 9–11 Art. 41 Skauradszun/Spahlinger 341 …” „… 15.08.2019 13:06:32 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 41 Cooperation and communication …” „… ............................................................................................. 11 336 Skauradszun/Spahlinger Reemers Publishing Services GmbH o:/Beck/Brinkmann_978-3-406-69858-3/3d …”

Article 84. Applicability in time S. 527-530

„… 15.08.2019 13:12:45 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm CHAPTER VII TRANSITIONAL AND FINAL PROVISIONS …” „… “insolvency proceedings” as to EIR 2000 and EIR 2015 .............. 9 III. Acts committed by a debtor, Article …” „… 2015 on insolvency proceedings, OJ L 349/9 changed the wording from “after” into “from”. J. Schmidt, in …”

Article 33. Public policy S. 264-266

„… 15.08.2019 13:00:21 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 33 Public policy Any Member State may …” „… ................................................................................................ 9 4. Examination by the court …” „… 15.08.2019 13:00:22 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm such proceedings. The latter refers to the …”

Article 3. International jurisdiction S. 47-63

„… 15.08.2019 12:56:26 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 3 International jurisdiction 1. The …” „… 15.08.2019 12:56:26 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Recitals: Sects. 1, 3: 23–31; Sects. 2, 4: 23 …” „… -13209, ECLI:EU:C:2011:838. Sects. 2, 4: EU: CJEU, 22 November 2012, Case C-116/11, Bank Handlowy …”

Introduction S. 1-10

„… 15.08.2019 12:49:21 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm INTRODUCTION Outline A. Four categories of …” „… .............................................................................................. 11 II. The applicability of the lex fori concursus …” „… 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm the European internal market would be hampered. The progressing …”

Article 50. Subsequent opening of the main insolvency proceedings S. 396-399

„… 15.08.2019 13:06:57 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 50 Subsequent opening of the main …” „… : Mankowski, in Mankowski/ Müller/J. Schmidt, EuInsVO 2015, Art. 50, mn. 9, who suggests applying Articles …” „… o:/Beck/Brinkmann_978-3-406-69858-3/3d/05_Chapter_III.3d from 15.08.2019 13:06:58 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm …”

Article 32. Recognition and enforceability of other judgments S. 258-263

„… 15.08.2019 13:00:19 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 32 Recognition and enforceability of …” „… ................................................................................................ ...... 11 4. Enforcement …” „… Services GmbH o:/Beck/Brinkmann_978-3-406-69858-3/3d/04_Chapter_II.3d from 15.08.2019 13:00:19 3B2 9 …”

Article 45. Exercise of creditors’ rights S. 367-377

„… 15.08.2019 13:06:46 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 45 Exercise of creditors’ rights 1 …” „… ............................................................. 9 II. Insolvency practitioner’s right to lodge claims (Article 45(2) EIR) ............ 12 1 …” „… Services GmbH o:/Beck/Brinkmann_978-3-406-69858-3/3d/05_Chapter_III.3d from 15.08.2019 13:06:46 3B2 9 …”

Article 19. Principle S. 199-206

„… 15.08.2019 12:59:56 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm CHAPTER II RECOGNITION OF INSOLVENCY …” „… ; CJEU, 15 November 2012, Case C-456/11 Gothaer Allgemeine Versicherung v Samskip ECLI:EU:C:2012:719 …” „… from 15.08.2019 12:59:56 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm A. Purpose 1 Article 19 EIR is the …”

Article 46. Stay of the process of realisation of assets S. 378-385

„… 15.08.2019 13:06:50 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 46 Stay of the process of realisation …” „… .................................................................................. 9 III. Stay of the process of realisation of assets …” „… o:/Beck/Brinkmann_978-3-406-69858-3/3d/05_Chapter_III.3d from 15.08.2019 13:06:51 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm …”

Article 10. Reservation of title S. 136-140

„… 15.08.2019 12:57:13 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 10 Reservation of title 1. The …” „… .................................................................................. ................................. 9 VI. No legal act prejudicing creditors …” „… 12:57:14 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm not oppose the purchaser’s acquisition of title. The …”

Article 78. Data protection S. 515-517

„… 15.08.2019 13:12:02 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm CHAPTER VI DATA PROTECTION Article 78 Data …” „… .3d from 15.08.2019 13:12:02 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm B. Historic development 2 …” „… communication among insolvency practitioners (see Skauradszun/Spahlinger above Art. 41 mn. 8, Art. 56 mn. 11 …”

Article 23. Return and imputation S. 220-225

„… 15.08.2019 13:00:05 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 23 Return and imputation 1. A …” „… .......................................................................... 10 4. Situated within the territory of another Member State............................. 11 5 …” „… _Chapter_II.3d from 15.08.2019 13:00:05 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm general rule is that a …”

Article 47. Power of the insolvency practitioner to propose restructuring plans S. 386-389

„… 15.08.2019 13:06:54 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 47 Power of the insolvency …” „… _Chapter_III.3d from 15.08.2019 13:06:54 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm with Article 51 EIR, the …” „… Services GmbH o:/Beck/Brinkmann_978-3-406-69858-3/3d/05_Chapter_III.3d from 15.08.2019 13:06:54 3B2 9 …”

Regulation (EU) 2015/848 of the European Parliament and of the Council – Recitals S. 11-24

„… 16.08.2019 10:41:28 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm REGULATION (EU) 2015/848 OF THE EUROPEAN …” „… detriment of the general body of creditors (forum shopping). 1 OJ C 271, 19.9.2013, p. 55. 2 Position of the …” „… ) No 1346/2000 of 29 May 2000 on insolvency proceedings (OJ L 160, 30.6.2000, p. 1). 11 Reemers …”

Article 8. Third parties’ rights in rem S. 125-131

„… d/03_Chapter_I.3d from 15.08.2019 12:57:11 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm proceedings …” „… 15.08.2019 12:57:08 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 8 Third parties’ rights in rem 1. The …” „… 12:57:08 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm A. Purpose 1 Article 8 EIR expresses the “weakened …”

Article 4. Examination as to jurisdiction S. 64-69

„… establishing the debtor’s habitual residence.9 11If, however, investigations ex officio are completely foreign …” „… 15.08.2019 12:56:35 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 4 Examination as to jurisdiction 1. A …” „… _978-3-406-69858-3/3d/03_Chapter_I.3d from 15.08.2019 12:56:35 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm the main …”

Article 53. Right to lodge claims S. 411-413

„… 15.08.2019 13:07:47 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm CHAPTER IV PROVISION OF INFORMATION FOR …” „… Services GmbH o:/Beck/Brinkmann_978-3-406-69858-3/3d/06_ Chapter_IV.3d from 15.08.2019 13:07:48 3B2 9 …” „… for procedures are set out by the European legislator, which may not be exceeded under national law.9 …”

Article 55. Procedure for lodging claims S. 419-426

„… 15.08.2019 13:07:51 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 55 Procedure for lodging claims 1 …” „… _978-3-406-69858-3/3d/06_ Chapter_IV.3d from 15.08.2019 13:07:51 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm State …” „… o:/Beck/Brinkmann_978-3-406-69858-3/3d/06_ Chapter_IV.3d from 15.08.2019 13:07:52 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm …”

Article 16. Detrimental acts S. 162-190

„… 15.08.2019 12:57:26 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 16 Detrimental acts Point (m) of …” „… der Mitgliedstaaten der Europäischen Union vom 23.11.1995, 2000; P. Huber, Der deutsch-englische …” „… _Chapter_I.3d from 15.08.2019 12:57:27 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 1. In respect of the …”

Article 40. Advance payment of costs and expenses S. 334-335

„… 15.08.2019 13:06:31 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 40 Advance payment of costs and …” „… .3d from 15.08.2019 13:06:32 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm law.6 This means that, in …” „… main proceedings.9 5It is also worth stressing that under this common interpretation, Article 40 EIR …”

Article 28. Publication in another Member State S. 249-251

„… https://www.insol-europe.org/technical-content/european-insolvency-regulation-articles-21-22.11 9 Virgos/Garcimartin, The European Insolvency Regulation, mn. 267; Veder, in Bork/van …” „… 15.08.2019 13:00:15 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 28 Publication in another Member …” „… o:/Beck/Brinkmann_978-3-406-69858-3/3d/04_Chapter_II.3d from 15.08.2019 13:00:16 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm …”

Article 48. Impact of closure of insolvency proceedings S. 390-392

„… 15.08.2019 13:06:55 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 48 Impact of closure of insolvency …” „… GmbH o:/Beck/Brinkmann_978-3-406-69858-3/3d/05_Chapter_III.3d from 15.08.2019 13:06:56 3B2 9 …” „… interests or to better manage complex cross-border proceedings.9 II. No dissolution (Article 48(2) EIR) 4As …”

Article 79. Responsibilities of Member States regarding the processing of personal data in national insolvency registers S. 518-520

„… 15.08.2019 13:12:04 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 79 Responsibilities of Member States …” „… d from 15.08.2019 13:12:04 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm A. Purpose 1Article 79 EIR …” „… _978-3-406-69858-3/3d/08_Chapter_VI.3d from 15.08.2019 13:12:05 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm context by …”

Article 85. Relationship to Conventions S. 531-534

„… 15.08.2019 13:12:47 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 85 Relationship to Conventions 1 …” „… _978-3-406-69858-3/3d/09_Chapter_VII.3d from 15.08.2019 13:12:48 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm (p) the …” „… of Lithuania on Legal Assistance and Legal Relationships, signed at Tallinn on 11 November 1992; (v …”

Article 31. Honouring of an obligation to a debtor S. 255-257

„… 15.08.2019 13:00:17 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 31 Honouring of an obligation to a …” „… ............................................................................................... 9 4. In a Member State …” „… _978-3-406-69858-3/3d/04_Chapter_II.3d from 15.08.2019 13:00:18 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm B …”

Article 25. Interconnection of insolvency registers S. 239-241

„… 15.08.2019 13:00:12 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 25 Interconnection of insolvency …” „… GmbH o:/Beck/Brinkmann_978-3-406-69858-3/3d/04_Chapter_II.3d from 15.08.2019 13:00:12 3B2 9.1.580; Page …” „… .3d from 15.08.2019 13:00:13 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 24(2) EIR as minimum …”

Article 27. Conditions of access to information via the system of interconnection S. 244-248

„… 15.08.2019 13:00:14 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 27 Conditions of access to …” „… GmbH o:/Beck/Brinkmann_978-3-406-69858-3/3d/04_Chapter_II.3d from 15.08.2019 13:00:14 3B2 9.1.580; Page …” „… _Chapter_II.3d from 15.08.2019 13:00:14 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm should be appreciated as a …”

Article 49. Assets remaining in the secondary insolvency proceedings S. 393-395

„… 15.08.2019 13:06:56 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 49 Assets remaining in the secondary …” „… GmbH o:/Beck/Brinkmann_978-3-406-69858-3/3d/05_Chapter_III.3d from 15.08.2019 13:06:57 3B2 9 …” „… (with a possible exception in atypical cases, see Maesch/Knof below Article 50 mn. 11). B. Scope and …”

Article 20. Effects of recognition S. 207-210

„… 15.08.2019 13:00:00 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 20 Effects of recognition 1. The …” „… from 15.08.2019 13:00:00 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm recognition. Public notice is a …” „… 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm the judgment produces. This includes the opening of proceedings …”

Article 81. Information obligations S. 523

„… 15.08.2019 13:12:06 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 81 Information obligations Without …” „… prejudice to the information to be given to data subjects in accordance with Articles 11 and 12 of …”

Article 21. Powers of the insolvency practitioner S. 211-216

„… 15.08.2019 13:00:01 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 21 Powers of the insolvency …” „… .............................................................................................. 6 II. Removal of assets, Article 21(1)(sentence 2) EIR............................................ 9 …” „… 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm EIR addresses secondary proceedings. Article 21(1) EIR is not a …”

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